...used for making sound financial decisions about an organization. They provide information of past quantitative financial activities and are useful in making future economic decisions. (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002) The same financial data is used to derive reports for each accounting process yet they differ in some ways. Financial accounting primarily provides external reports for external users such as stock holders, creditors, regulating authority and others. (Garrison, Noreen, & Brewer, 2010) On the other hand Managerial accounting is concern with providing information that deals with the internal viability of the organization and is tailored to meet the needs of an individual organization. (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002) Managerial Accounting addresses those aspects that relates to an individual organization return on investments (ROI). (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002) A company’s profitability depends on periodic attention to its assets turnover and profit margin. This process is designed to support the de... ... middle of paper ... ...egulator or auditor is going to insist that a company implement a good management accounting system. (Garrison, Noreen, & Brewer, 2010) The choice of how to collect and utilize information in a company is strictly management’s decision and is a part of the company’s competitive strategy. Financial and Managerial accounting are used for making sound financial decisions about an organization. They...
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...Ministries/Departments of the Central Government have issued Control Orders for regulating production/distribution/quality aspects/movement etc. pertaining to the commodities which are essential and administered by them such as foodgrains, edible oils, pulses kerosene, sugar etc. The Central Government regularly monitors the action taken by State Governments/UT Administrations to implement the provisions of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955. The items declared as essential commodities under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 are reviewed from time to time in the light of liberalized economic policies in consultation with the Ministries/Departments administering the essential commodities. At present the list of essential commodities contains 15 items in which Foodstuffs, including edible oilseeds and oils are under Item no.6 of the List. Powers to control production, supply, distribution, etc., of essential commodities[11]— (1) If the Central Government is of opinion that it is necessary or expedient so to do for maintaining or increasing supplies of any essential commodity for the defence of India or the efficient conduct of military operations, it may, by order, provide for regulating, or prohibiting the production supply and distribution thereof (2) Without prejudice to the generality of the powers conferred by subsection (1), an order made thereunder may provide— (a) for regulating by licenses, permits or otherwise the production or manufacture of any essential...
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...understanding themselves and other people are inclined to find the route to success. Before figuring out how intrapersonal and interpersonal perception (understanding yourself and other people) contribute to individual success both at university and later at work, a detailed research and a sequence of experiments are indispensable. This essay is just gives a comprehensive study on intrapersonal and interpersonal perception. Firstly, the essay will analyze in detail how intrapersonal perception contributes to individual success in academic performance and later at work. Secondly, it will explain explicitly how interpersonal perception funtions in interdependent relationship among people. Main Body a. Self-regulating and self awareness Intrapersonal perception means self-regulating involving self-monitoring on the basis of self awareness. Accurate self-monitoring of one’s mastery of material is a necessary skill for student success. Such skill enables students to have the awareness of when to prolong or terminate their studying for an exam and modify their studying strategies. Students who are aware of their own cognitive state are able to adjust their performance when warranted, (Huff &Nietfeld, 2009) which bases on the principle that awareness of what one knows or doesn’t know falls under the heading of metacognition. Awareness determines the grounds on which students judge whether their engagement in an academic task meets the standards they have set for successful learning (Butler&Winne...
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...POL 310 Week 3 Quiz To Buy This material Click below link http://www.uoptutors.com/pol-310-ash/pol-310-week-3-quiz 1. Pesticide from the landscape that contaminates the Chesapeake Bay is which type of pollution? Run-offw Treated effluent Subsidence Point source 2. The Clean Water Act and its amendments do not address which of the following problems? Regulating emissions of toxic materials into waterways Treating water so that it is safe to drink Providing funding to build new wastewater treatment facilities Regulating industrial point-source pollution 3. Water rights in Western states are granted under a scheme known as: Riparian Rights. Doctrine of Prior Appropriation. Public Trust Doctrine. Ambient-based Regulation. 4. De-oxygenation of the water caused by agricultural run-off linked to algae growth is known as: eutrophication. sedimentation. desalination. chlorination. 5. The 1972 Federal Water Pollution Control Act had all of the following goals, except: immediately eliminate the discharge of toxic substances into bodies of water. eventually eliminate all kinds of water pollution. eventually eliminate the need for local wastewater treatment facilities. ensure that surface waters would become safe for human swimming. 6. Drilling for oil in the Alaskan Arctic National Wildlife Refuge would possibly result in the extraction of crude oil. If crude oil was successful extracted, this would: create a refuge for the Porcupine caribou. eliminate...
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...1. INTRODUCTION TO INDIAN MARKETS THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF MARKETS IN INDIA MONEY MARKET Money market is a market for debt securities that pay off in the short term usually less than one year, for example the market for 90-days treasury bills. This market encompasses the trading and issuance of short term non equity debt instruments including treasury bills, commercial papers, bankers acceptance, certificates of deposits, etc. In other word we can also say that the Money Market is basically concerned with the issue and trading of securities with short term maturities or quasi-money instruments. The Instruments traded in the money-market are Treasury Bills, Certificates of Deposits (CDs), Commercial Paper (CPs), Bills of Exchange and other such instruments of short-term maturities (i.e. not exceeding 1 year with regard to the original maturity) CAPITAL MARKET Capital market is a market for long-term debt and equity shares. In this market, the capital funds comprising of both equity and debt are issued and traded. This also includes private placement sources of debt and equity as well as organized markets like stock exchanges. Capital market can be divided into Primary and Secondary Markets. PRIMARY MARKET In the primary market, securities are offered to public for subscription for the purpose of raising capital or fund. Secondary market is an equity trading avenue in which already existing/pre- issued securities are traded amongst investors. Secondary market could be...
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...Report on Argyle Diamonds and the Diamond Industry 1 INTRODUCTION India was the only known source of diamonds before the eighteenth century when diamonds were discovered in Brazil. The modern diamond industry was born in 1867 when diamonds were discovered in the Kimberley region of South Africa. The De Beers mining company was formed and they controlled 80-90 per cent of the rough diamonds entering the diamond market. The De Beers share of the diamond market fell in the 1990’s when the Soviet Union moved to a free market economy as Russian diamond mining companies were selling their diamonds on the open market. The Central selling Organisation (CSO) controlled by De Beers is responsible for regulating the price of diamonds on the market and marketing a large percentage of the world’s diamonds. The CSO protected the dominance of the diamond cartel but this monopoly was challenged by Argyle Diamonds when they refused to renew their marketing contract with De Beers. Argyle has been characterised by low value coloured diamonds, however their highly sought after pink diamonds has successfully differentiated their products from other diamonds the in the market (Vinciullo, Annear and Disbury, Not dated). 1.1 AIM OF THE ASSIGNMENT The aim of the assignment is to research and analyse the diamond industry and to evaluate Argyle Diamonds’ strategic position in the diamond industry. 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE ASIGNMENT • To research and evaluate competition in the precious...
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...end of the potato storage tank is opened, and then washing water is pumped into it from the other end of the flow groove. Potatoes enter into the de-stoner evenly through flow conveying along the flow trough. POTATO STARCH PRODUCTION LINE operating principle introduction. The material pellets of airstream penetrate in the wind stream because of the inertia, which gradually decelerates in the certain distance and accelerates along the opposite direction and penetrates the original jet flow. After so many damped vibrations, they deviate from the crash zone and flow out directly. A sluice valve is equipped in the outlet end of the flow trough, by regulating valves open degree to control the proportion of potatoes and water in the whole flow trough and evenly conveying them into the de-stoner to ensure efficient working of the de-stoner. In order to guarantee potatoes to be able to pass flow trough smoothly, a jet of water from circulating pond is pumped to impact and convey potatoes, to ensure the potatoes won't be jammed. This is the basic of potato starch production line. Smoothness, shape and slope of a flow trough are crucial for the drifting of potatoes. Potato starch production line bottom of the flow trough designed by us is half round and the slope is reasonable. The flow trough can convey potatoes evenly into the de-stoner. A washing and conveying pump is added separately which can ensure the flow trough not being air-logged under improper operation circumstance...
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...Role and Functions of Law Paper Kelly Barnes Law 421 November 19, 2012 John Cross Role and Function of Law Paper Introduction Law has a big role in business and society. Laws help society run smoothly, by regulating social behavior. Law functions to maintain social control and protects public order by solving problems in a proper manner. Law gives the people guidelines on ethical standards and expectations, rules of conduct, procedures to enforce those rules, and ways for settling disputes. If there was not law, society would be dysfunctional and people would suffer. Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc Cipollone (plaintiff) was suing the Liggett Group, Inc (defendant) because he thought the cause of his mother’s death was from the hazards of smoking. Cipollone was accusing Liggett and other cigarette manufacturers for false advertising, fraudulently misrepresenting the hazards of smoking, and conspiracy to deprive the public of medical and scientific information about smoking (Melvin. 2011). The Liggett Group believed two federal laws, which are the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965, and the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act of 1969 protected them. U.S. Supreme Court ruled against Cipollone, stating that federal law preempted his claims that were relying on state law (Melvin. 2011). Functions of Law in Business Most businesses depend on external legal help, but changes in the business environment have made giving businesses the opportunity...
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...The starch undergoes thorough dehydration to meet the standards of the commercial product, as it needs dewatering of up to 20% of moisture. Potato starch production line sluice valve is equipped in the outlet end of the flow trough, by regulating valves open degree to control the proportion of potatoes and water in the whole flow trough and evenly conveying them into the de-stoner to ensure efficient working of the de-stoner. In order to guarantee potatoes to be able to pass flow trough smoothly, a jet of water from circulating pond is pumped to impact and convey potatoes, to ensure the potatoes won't be jammed. Smoothness, shape and slope of a flow trough are crucial for the drifting of potatoes. Features of POTATO STARCH PRODUCTION LINE: 1,when design air flow drying system,we fully considered each factor of turbulent flow ,cyclone separating and heat exchange ect.,so that each collocation and parameter have definite theory basis. 2, part control with starch is made of stainless steel. 3, the product quantity and precision are greatly improved. 4, the feeding quantity and inlet steam volume can be automatic adjusted ,thus the water content of product could reach the technology requirement. 5. this kind airflow dryer not only suitable to all kinds potato starch production line to be dried ,but also adaptable to the drying of corn starch and wheat starch. The handling of the potato starch production line in this stage is a complex process, since it has...
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...Recognizing and Minimizing Tort and Regulatory Risk There is an imminent necessity for organizations to recognize and prevent torts. In the following essay we will find the analysis of a simulation for a company called Alumina, indicating the legal matters and risks they are taking. Also we will discuss a preventive plan for a company in Puerto Rico and how the Puerto Rican government treats torts and regulations. The simulation of Alumina, is very interesting. This fictitious company is accused of contaminating water with carcinogens. and consequently a girl who consumed the water was diagnosed with leukemia. The mother blames the company and is stating this to the news. The government empowers certain agencies to assist states in regulating the way companies do certain procedures to maintain a certain quality of life. An example of such agencies is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This agency was created in 1970, if a standard is not met EPA has the authority to issue sanctions among other steps to ensure an environmental quality of life. The company needs to do something about this. The board of the company is Todd, Lloyd, and Richards. Todd is the legal council he firmly believes that the procedures for disposal of waste are efficient and that they are below the specified level in compliance with the Clean Water Act; thus he thinks the company should submit a story about this. Lloyd is certain that the acquisitions are without foundation, but he prefers...
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...General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was a multilateral agreement regulating international trade. According to its preamble, its purpose was the "substantial reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers and the elimination of preferences, on a reciprocal and mutually advantageous basis." It was negotiated during the UN Conference on Trade and Employment and was the outcome of the failure of negotiating governments to create the International Trade Organization (ITO). GATT was signed in 1948 and lasted until 1993, when it was replaced by the World Trade Organization in 1995. The original GATT text (GATT 1958) is still in effect under the WTO framework, subject to the modifications of GATT 1994 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- GATT and the World Trade Organization ------------------------------------------------- In 1993, the GATT was updated (GATT 1994) to include new obligations upon its signatories. One of the most significant changes was the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The 75 existing GATT members and the European Communities became the founding members of the WTO on 1 January 1995. The other 52 GATT members rejoined the WTO in the following two years (the last being Congo in 1997). Since the founding of the WTO, 21 new non-GATT...
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... In some regions, the dramatic decline in public sector employment as a result of structural adjustment and privatization had a detrimental effect on union membership. Second, legal reforms introduced in some countries prohibited compulsory unionisation (closed shops) and encouraged individual contracts. Third, the increase in international competition as a result of globalization undermined the bargaining power of trade unions and strengthened the hand of management. Finally, the growth of non-standard forms of employment, for example part-time or fixed-term contracts put a brake on union Trade union membership has declined in many countries. Collective bargaining is a key means for improving wages and conditions of work and for regulating employment relations. Integration into global markets has intensified competition. In response, enterprises sought to be more flexible by introducing new forms of work organization and changing their employment practices. These changes present important challenges for collective bargaining. Collective bargaining practices and structures needed to adapt to remain responsive. This paper examines some broad trends and issues in specific regions. Susan Hayter is Senior Dialogue Specialist, ILO, Geneva. E mail: hayter@ilo.org 596 The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 45, No. 4, April 2010 International Comparative Trends in Collective Bargaining recruitment of these...
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...second includes the presence of the countries’ presidents. In spite of being the highest-level organization, the Council has delegated many of its responsibilities to the Grupo Mercado Común (GMC, Common Market Group), thus diminishing its ability to generate policies and promote actions aimed at consolidating MERCOSUR. In practice, the Council’s meetings have had political importance in terms of setting grand directions and sending political signals within and outside of MERCOSUR. * Common Market Group: The CMG is made up of four incumbent members and four alternates from each country, from the ministries of Foreign Affairs, Economy, and their respective Central Banks. It is an organization which is executive in nature, charged with regulating the decisions adopted by the Council and managing the proper functioning of the integration process. It is also the organization responsible for...
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...CENTRE FOR EUROPEAN POLICY STUDIES REGULATING E-COMMERCE IN FINANCIAL SERVICES REPORT OF A JOINT CEPS/ECRI WORKING PARTY C H A I R M A N: TI M J O N E S C H I E F E X E C U T I V E, P U R S E U S R A P P O R T E U R: NURIA DI E Z GU A R D I A FORMER R ESEARCH FE L L O W , CEPS OCTOBER 2001 This report contains the conclusions and policy recommendations that follow from the discussion and analytical presentations that took place at the meetings of the joint CEPS/ECRI Working Party. The members of the Working Party participated in extensive debate and submitted comments on earlier drafts of the report. Its contents contain the general tone and direction of the discussion, but its recommendations do not necessarily reflect a full common position reached among all members of the Working Party, nor do they necessarily represent the views of the institutions to which the members belong. A list of participants and invited guests and speakers appears at the end of the report. This Working Party was chaired by Tim Jones, Chief Executive at Purseus and former Chief Executive of Retail Banking at NatWest, London. Nuria Diez Guardia served as Rapporteur for the Working Party while a Research Fellow at CEPS. Amparo San José and Alfredo Sousa greatly contributed to the drafting of Parts I and II of the final report, respectively. ISBN 92-9079-349-X © Copyright 2001, Centre for European Policy Studies. All rights reserved. No part of this publication...
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...Changing views of the contribution of popular Spanish resistance to victory in the Peninsular War. The guerrillas have been viewed in a variety of different ways in the historiographical record of the Peninsular War. Until relatively recently, according to Tone, “historians have paid them scant attention” putting the focus on, according to Esdaile “great men, great armies and great battles”. This essay will explore some aspects of the guerrillas that have been the subject of debate in the historiography, focussing first on exploring who the guerrillas were and what their impact was on the war. Tone, in a study of the English language historiography and that of France and Spain identified that there was a difference in the way each treated the guerrillas. He summarised that while the British ignored the guerrillas’ role, the French overplayed the role of the church and the Spanish tended to portray the popular resistance as comprising the whole of the population. It could be argued that this reduction of three historiographic traditions to just three simple ideas is an oversimplification, but there is some justification for at least one of these ideas. To illustrate, and explain the British view, Tone cites Napier’s 1882 history of the Peninsular War as discussing the guerrillas, or partidas (the name given to guerrilla bands by the Spanish themselves) in less than glowing language. Reading the rest of the Napier, it is true that there are very few mentions of the guerrillas...
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