...vendor to the consumer or may include several inter-connected (usually independent but mutually dependent) intermediaries such as wholesalers, distributors, agents, retailers. Each intermediary receives the item at one pricing point and moves it to the next higher pricing point until it reaches the final buyer Roles of marketing channel in marketing strategies -Links producers to buyers. -Performs sales, advertising and promotion. -Influences the firm's pricing strategy. -Affecting product strategy through branding, policies, willingness to stock. -Customizes profits, install, maintain, offer credit, etc. Coordinated Channel Marketing - Brands carry out online and offline advertising on behalf of channel partners to aid them in generating sales of their branded products. Those online and offline marketing initiatives are can either be isolated or coordinated to inform one another. There are basically four types of marketing channels: •Direct selling; •Selling through intermediaries; •Dual distribution; and •Reverse channels. Direct Selling Direct selling is a type of sales channel where products are marketed directly to customers, eliminating the need for...
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...FRITO-LAY, A SUBSIDIARY OF PEPSICO, GREW BY MORE THAN $600 MILLION—6 PERCENT—IN ONE YEAR ALONE. ANNUAL WORLDWIDE SALES OF FRITO-LAY SNACKS ARE OVER $10 BILLION. IMAGINE SELLING BILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN CHIPS A YEAR! Americans know Frito-Lay brands at sight: Doritos, Fritos, Lay’s, Cheetos, Ruffles, Rold Gold, and Baked Lay’s, to name its most popular. But how did Frito-Lay get where it is today? How has the company developed such astounding sales and loyalty among chip aficionados? Much of it has to do with Frito-Lay’s promotional plan, encompassing advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and personal selling. With a $30 million a year U.S. ad budget, Frito-Lay has plenty of opportunity to get its message of great-tasting snacks across to consumers. Frito-Lay has been a long-time repeat advertiser during the annual Super Bowl telecast, shelling out more than a million dollars for just one ad during the program. The vast audience provided by the Super Bowl telecast has proved to be an excellent launching pad for Frito-Lay’s new brands, such as Baked Lay’s Potato Crisps in 1995 and Lay’s Deli Style Potato Chips in 1998. Baked Lay’s went on to become the most successful new food product launch in the 1990s and the biggest-selling salty snack product ever. Realizing the natural link between salty snacks and beer and soda, Frito-Lay continues its successful sales promotional strategy of offering supermarket-friendly promotions with Pepsi-Cola products, its sister company...
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...http://usa.onlinenigeria.com/money/50577-daniel-burrus-the-future-of-advertising-sales-it-s-all-about-integration.html Daniel Burrus: The Future of Advertising Sales -- It's all About Integration One of the reasons ad dollars are falling for newspapers, as well as traditional media, is that they don't fully understand the new realities of marketing. Two key shifts are taking place that media companies can no longer ignore. First, media and marketing have always been about storytelling. Advertisers have a story to tell, and the media is there to help tell it. Today, however, media and marketing go beyond mere storytelling; now it's about storytelling and dialogue. That's why social media's so popular. It's not about the word "media"; it's about the word "social." Unfortunately, we have community newspapers, television, radio, and news programs that are failing to build community through activity, engagement, and dialogue. Yes, they have a website, but for the most part they are static sites that are not engaging. So in order to move forward, big media needs to focus not just on the story, but also on the dialogue. When you add dialogue, you're moving from the information age (where so many media companies started) to the communication age (where the audience is now). Second, when we look at our traditional media players that are trying to sell advertising, they are still using the old model of media-specific ads: Radio ads just for radio, TV ads just for TV, and print ads just...
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...1. Advertising -Any paid form of nonpersonal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. 2. Sales promotion - A variety of short-term incentives to encourage trial or purchase of a product or service. 3. Events and experiences - Company-sponsored activities and programs designed to create daily or special brand-related interactions. 4. Public relations and publicity-A variety of programs designed to promote or protect a company's image or its individual products. 5. Direct marketing - Use of mail, telephone, fax, e-mail, or Internet to communicate directly with or solicit response or dialogue from specific customers and prospects. 6. Personal selling- Face-to-face interaction with one or more prospective purchasers for the purpose of making presentations, answering questions, and procuring orders. The communication process: 1. Selective attention - People are bombarded by about 1,500 commercial messages a day, which explains why advertisers sometimes go to great lengths to grab audience attention through fear, music, or sex appeals, or bold headlines promising something, such as "How to Make a Million." 2. Selective distortion - Receivers will hear what fits into their belief systems. As a result, receivers often add things to the message that are not there (amplification) and do not notice other things that are there (leveling). The task is to strive for simplicity, clarity, interest, and repetition to get the...
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...own optimistic prognosis, published 12 months earlier, by 12%. An impressive performance in an advertising market close to saturation - total advertising expenditures in Japan only grew by 1.1% from 2006 to 2007, and by 1.7% between 2005 and 2006. campaigns and actually sign up for promotions or make purchases as a result. Close to another third click on ads, but do not participate in promotional offers. Thus, there is no question that mobile advertising will continue to gain in significance in Japan - a market where more than 4 in 5 of a total 100 million mobile subscribers use mobile data services. 1,500 1,125 750 375 0 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Mobile advertising up 60% in 2007 For the first time ever, online advertising expenditures (¥ 443.6 billion, ca. USD 4.4 billion) exceeded combined radio and magazine advertising expenditures, which each were down around 4% on a YoY basis. Newspaper advertising suffered even more heavily at -5%, and TV advertising expenditures are down for the third year in a row. While the importance of mobile advertising is growing, it still accounts for a relatively small share of online advertising revenues (10.3%) and for a minor piece of the whole advertising pie, which is still dominated by TV, print and sales promotion. Japan mobile advertising spendings, USD million So there clearly is a lot of room for growth in mobile advertising here, even though Japan is one of the most...
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...MKTG-‐288-‐001 Professor Zhang From Print to Portal Pricing Strategies in the Online News Realm Suzanne Zwemer Angela Xu Crystal Pang Nicolas Aguirre Max von Weisberg 21 April 2010 1 I. Introduction Last year, 53% of adults (or 71% of internet users) in the United States received their news online than by buying a newspaper or magazine.1 Things have changed quite dramatically since 748 AD (the first record of a newspaper in Beijing, China). From Johannes Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press in 1451 to dwindling circulation in 2010, the newspaper industry has experienced both impressive growth and steady decline. In the 1700s, market factors such as rising literacy and the development of postal services galvanized the distribution of newspapers. Growth continued in the 1800s with the rise of the middle class. In...
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...IIM Indore Mumbai Salesforce.com | Business Model Analysis | | | | About the Company: Salesforce.com Inc. is a global enterprise software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. Though best known for its customer relationship management (CRM) product, Salesforce has also expanded into the "social enterprise arena" through acquisition and by steadily improving and augmenting its core development platform. It was ranked number 27 in Fortune's 100 Best Companies to Work For in 2012. It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the S&P 500 index. The company was founded in March 1999 by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff, Parker Harris, Dave Moellenhoff, and Frank Dominguez as a company specializing in software as a service (SaaS). In June 2004, the company went public on the New York Stock Exchange under the stock symbol CRM, raising US$110 million. Company Specializes in cloud based CRM and offers SaaS and PaaS solutions. Growth of Cloud Based Services A series of macro-trends is fundamentally changing the way businesses must operate. Globalization is changing the competitive landscape, and mobility is changing the way workers do their jobs. An explosion of consumer-oriented, on-demand services, led by Amazon.com and Apple’s iTunes, has taught people how easy it can be to access and share information or the goods and services they want. These experiences, combined with the escalating competitive climate...
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...BoReissROBERT REISS Robert “Bob” Reiss, HBS 1956, started out as a waiter at resorts in upstate New York. He moved on after HBS to run the personalized-pencil division of a small New York company. He saw that as an opportunity to learn about running a business while someone else “picked up the tab.” He then started a sales rep company and soon stumbled on opportunities in adult games like chess and magic. Eventually he sold his company to a needlecraft company. Bob then founded R&R to create and sell games, including the TV Guide Trivia game produced during the Trivial Pursuit craze in the 1980s. Bob described his entrepreneurial career in a video interview from his office in Boca Raton, Florida, in February 2001. Interviewer: Amy Blitz, HBS Director of Media Development for Entrepreneurial Management. The Early Years I grew up in the Bensonhurst section of Brooklyn. Both my parents worked. They taught me a strong work ethic and a strong sense of morality. They also taught me to never, ever complain about anything in life. I had a brother who was three years younger than me. We grew up in a very competitive environment. We weren’t aware that it was competitive since that was just the way things were. Sports were everything in our world. We had millions of street games in front of the house. Basketball was the big sport, because in Brooklyn we didn’t have the big playing fields, so everybody played in the schoolyards. Three-man basketball was the game all weekend long. In the winter...
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...Project Report on “A Study on Social Media Marketing: Comparison between Two Medias” Submitted to: THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA, VADODARA. For : Partial fulfillment for Award of Bachelor of Business Administration Degree (2009-2012) By: Harsh Mukeshkumar Patel T.Y.B.B.A. (Specialization in Marketing Management) – Roll No. : M-19 Under the Guidance Guide: DR. UMESH DANGARWALA M.Com.(Bus. Admn.), M.Com.(Acct.), FCA, AICWA, M.Phil., Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Commerce and Business Management, Faculty of Commerce The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara. APRIL, 2012. CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this project report entitled “A Study on Social Media Marketing: Comparison between Two Medias” which is to be submitted to the Registrar (Examinations), The M. S. University of Baroda through the Director, B.B.A. Program, Faculty of Commerce, The M. S. University of Baroda has been prepared by the undersigned Mr. Harsh Mukeshkumar Patel (Roll No. M-19) studying in T.Y.B.B.A. 6th Semester, specialization in Marketing Management for the Academic Year 2011-12 for evaluation in lieu of Annual Examination to be held in April, 2012. This is to certify that, Mr. Harsh Mukeshkumar Patel has carried out this work under our personal supervision and guidance. The work is an original one and has not been submitted earlier to this university or to any other Institute / Organization for fulfillment of the requirement of a course...
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...How to Acquire Customers on the Web by Donna L. Hoffman and Thomas P. Novak Reprint r00305 M AY – JUNE 2000 Reprint Number RANJAY GULATI AND JASON GARINO The E-Business Frontier: Syndication: The Emerging Model for Business in the Internet Era E-Hubs: The New B2B Marketplaces Get the Right Mix of Bricks and Clicks NICHOLAS G. CARR On the Edge: An Interview with Akamai’s George Conrades R00303 MICHAEL BEER AND NITIN NOHRIA Cracking the Code of Change R00301 MODERATED BY DENNIS CAREY Lessons from Master Acquirers: A CEO Roundtable on Making Mergers Succeed R00312 ANDREW HARGADON AND ROBERT I. SUTTON Building an Innovation Factory R00304 WARREN BENNIS AND JAMES O’TOOLE Don’t Hire the Wrong CEO R00302 KEVIN WERBACH STEVEN KAPLAN AND MOHANBIR SAWHNEY R00311 R00306 R00313 FORETHOUGHT PAUL NUNES, DIANE WILSON, AND AJIT KAMBIL A CONVERSATION WITH ALAIN-MICHEL DIAMANT-BERGER RICHARD METTERS, MICHAEL KETZENBERG, AND GEORGE GILLEN YOUNGME MOON AND FRANCES X. FREI DAVID BOVET AND JOSEPH MARTHA REGINA FAZIO MARUCA The All-in-One Market E-Procurement at Schlumberger F 00301 F 00302 Welcome Back, Mom and Pop F00303 Exploding the Self-Service Myth Biogen Unchained Mapping the World of Customer Satisfaction F00304 F00305 F00306 WARREN D. MILLER HBR CASE STUDY The Ghost in the Family Business MONIQUE MADDY R00308 FIRST PERSON Dream Deferred: The Story of a High-Tech...
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...Marketing Management, Millenium Edition Philip Kotler Custom Edition for University of Phoenix Excerpts taken from: A Framework for Marketing Management, by Philip Kotler Copyright © 2001by Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Marketing Management Millenium Edition, Tenth Edition, by Philip Kotler Copyright © 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. Compilation Copyright © 2002 by Pearson Custom Publishing. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein that first appeared elsewhere. Permission to reprint these has been obtained by Pearson Custom Publishing for this edition only. Further reproduction by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, must be arranged with the individual copyright holders noted. This special edition published in cooperation with Pearson Custom Publishing Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Please visit our web site at www.pearsoncustom.com ISBN 0–536–63099-2 BA 993095 PEARSON CUSTOM PUBLISHING 75 Arlington Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA 02116 A Pearson Education Company SECTION ONE Understanding Marketing Management Marketing in...
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...brand growth and loyalty. NEED: CE-marketing is necessitated by a combination of social, technological and market developments: 1. Businesses are losing the power to dictate the communications agenda 2. Decreasing brand loyalty BUSINESS TO BUSINESS CONTEXT: Customer Engagement in a B2B (business to business) marketing context would typically include a collection of the following marketing programs: 1. Customer Advisory Board or Council 2. Customer Reference Program 3. Executive Sponsor Program 4. Customer Loyalty Program 5. Customer Community or Forum CONTROL BODY: Amazon re-branded into 'serving the world's largest engaged online community', the World Federation of Advertisers (WFA) has created a 'Blueprint for Consumer-Centric Holistic Measurement' and the Association of National Advertisers (ANA), American Association of Advertising Agencies (AAAA) and the...
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...Society 68 Part Two: Planning and Strategy Chapter Four: How Advertising Works 103 Chapter Five: The Consumer Audience 135 Chapter Six: Strategic Research 169 Chapter Seven: Strategic Planning 205 Part Three: Effective Advertising Media Chapter Eight: Print and Out-of-Home Media 239 Chapter Nine: Broadcast Media 274 Chapter Ten: Interactive and Alternative Media 310 Chapter Eleven: Media Planning and Buying 345 Part Four: Effective Advertising Messages Chapter Twelve: The Creative Side and Message Strategy 378 Chapter Thirteen: Copywriting 411 Chapter Fourteen: Design and Production 443 Part Five: Integration and Evaluation Chapter Fifteen: Direct Response 476 Chapter Sixteen: Sales Promotion, Events, and Sponsorships 508 Chapter Seventeen: Public Relations 542 Chapter Eighteen: Special Advertising Situations 576 Chapter Nineteen: Evaluation of Effectiveness 610 INTRODUCTION Welcome to the Test Item File for the Wells/Moriarty/Burnett Advertising: Principles and Practice, 7th edition text. This test bank was designed with the student and instructor in mind. All questions in this manual are drawn directly from the master text. APPLICATION QUESTIONS: New to the seventh edition of the Test Item File is a section dedicated entirely to application questions. This section, available in each chapter of the test bank, offers real-life situations that take students beyond basic chapter concepts and...
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...Journal of Intelligence Studies in Business JISIB is a peer review no-fee Open Access Journal. The journal publishes articles on topics such as Market Intelligence, Business Intelligence, Competitive Intelligence, Scientific and Technical Intelligenceand Geo-economics and their equivalent terms in other cultures. E.g. Intelligence Èconomique in France, Omvärldsanalys in Sweden or Konkurrenz-/Wettbewerbsforschung in Germany. This means that the journal has a managerial as well as an applied technical side (Information Systems), as these are now well integrated into real life Business Intelligence solutions. By focusing on business applications the journal do not compete directly with journals of Library Sciences or State/National or Military Intelligence studies. The journal do publish articles on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Transfer even though these are well developed areas with their own journals. JISIB occupies a niche. It currently caters to a defined group of scholars of some 400+ active individuals. It is supported by some estimated 5.000+ practitioners. It caters to specific conferences (ECIS,SIIE, VSST, SCIP, ITICTI, EBRF, ICI, ECKM, INOSA) where both academics and practitioners meet regularly. These conferences turn out some 300+ articles annually, of which some estimated 50+ can be considered potential full length scientific articles. JISIB will have 3 issues a year with about 5-10 articles in each. To strengthen the tie to practitioners a special...
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...MARKETING MANAGEMENT - SUMMARIES PART 1 UNDERSTANDING MARKETING MANAGEMENT Chapter 1 – Defining marketing for the 21st Century Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. Marketing management is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value. Marketers are skilled at managing demand: they seek to influence its level, timing, and composition for goods, services, events, experiences, persons, places, proper- ties, organizations, information, and ideas. They also operate in four different marketplaces: consumer, business, global, and nonprofit. Marketing is not done only by the marketing department. It needs to affect every aspect of the customer experience. To create a strong marketing organization, marketers must think like executives in other departments, and executives in other departments must think more like marketers. Today’s marketplace is fundamentally different as a result of major societal forces that have resulted in many new consumer and company capabilities. These forces have created new opportunities and challenges and changed marketing management significantly as companies seek new ways to achieve marketing excellence. There are five competing...
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