...requirements Editor: Neil Maiden ■ C i t y U n i v e r s i t y, L o n d o n ■ n . a . m . m a i d e n @ c i t y. a c . u k 10 Small Steps to Better Requirements Ian Alexander T he journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” This Chinese proverb helps people focus on the present, rather than the unmanageable future. Project teams can take several small, easy steps to improve requirements to the point where they’re good enough. But every project is different. Your team might need to take steps that wouldn’t be right in other situations. The basic steps listed here, roughly in order, demand nothing more than a whiteboard or a pen and paper. Requirements management tools and specialized models can help later on. where software is just a (large) component. Later, you can analyze each interface in detail. Step 1: Mission and scope If you don’t know where you’re going, you’re not likely to end up there, said Forrest Gump. Is your mission clear? Write a short statement of what you want your project to achieve. Out of that will grow an understanding of the project’s scope. The scope will develop as you more clearly understand exactly what achieving the mission entails. A traditional context diagram is a good tool for describing scope in a simple outline. Unlike a use-case summary diagram, it indicates interfaces and the information or materials that must come in or out of them, rather than just roles (that is, UML actors). This becomes especially...
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...AWRE’2002 215 An Experience of Principled Negotiation in Requirements Engineering David W. Bustard School of Computing and Information Engineering, University of Ulster Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland dw.bustard@ulster.ac.uk Abstract When considering ways of improving requirements engineering, or indeed any aspect of software development, it is often possible to build on relevant experience in other disciplines. In particular, in relation to the human side of reaching agreement on requirements, Principled Negotiation seems to offer a good framework for the process involved. This paper summarises the main concepts of Principled Negotiation and reports on an experience of its use over several years in helping Environmental Health Departments in Northern Ireland introduce IT systems. The relationship between Principled Negotiation and Soft Systems Methodology, a general problem solving strategy built on systems thinking concepts, is also considered briefly. Keywords: Principled Negotiation, Soft Systems Methodology, System Change Introduction In the preface to his classic text on the management of software development, Brooks (1975) starts with the statement that “In many ways, managing a computer programming project is like managing any other undertaking—in more ways than most programmers believe. But in many other ways it is different—in more ways than most professional managers expect.” This reminds developers that software can largely be treated like any other...
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...NTC 406 Entire Course (UOP) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Tutorial Purchased: 6 Times, Rating: A NTC 406 Week 1 Individual Assignment Network Requirements Analysis Paper NTC 406 Week 1 Learning Team Assignment Broadband Over High-Powered Electrical Cables Paper NTC 406 Week 1 Supporting Activity 1 The Layers of the TCP/IP Model NTC 406 Week 1 Supporting Activity Remote File Operations NTC 406 Week 1 DQ 1 NTC 406 Week 1 DQ 2 NTC 406 Week 1 DQ 3 NTC 406 Week 2 Individual Assignment Slow Network Analy ------------------------------------------------------ NTC 406 Week 1 Individual Assignment Network Requirements Analysis Paper (UOP) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Tutorial Purchased: 4 Times, Rating: A+ NTC 406 Week 1 Individual Assignment Network Requirements Analysis Paper Prepare a 1- to 2-page paper in which you describe the process of analyzing business requirements to determine network technical requirements. • Provide an example from your personal experience, or with the Virtual Organizations, in translating business requirements into technical requirements. • Explain the challenges of integrating application program interfaces within your network. • Cite at least three different references. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. ------------------------------------------------------ NTC 406 Week 1 Learning Team Assignment Broadband Over High-Powered Electrical...
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...Conditions, and the General Conditions and Contract Agreement sections is included in the final contract for the work. The remainder of this template discusses each of these sections included in RFP's. Please feel free to type “N/A” under sections that are not applicable to your project and to add sub-sections as desired. Also, you will want to delete the description information (in blue) after you have added your data under each section of the template. How to make sure you are writing a comprehensive RFP: 1. The RFP should provide sufficient information for a bidder to prepare a bid proposal that is responsive to each of the technical, management, and commercial requirements specified in the RFP. 2. The RFP should provide the necessary information concerning contract requirements. When the information from the successful bid...
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...discuss those aspects and select a job description to analyze. After analyzing the job description, we will rewrite the description based on the results of the analysis. Most jobs that are posted for individuals whom are seeking jobs are the result of a company trying to fill an opening that was developed by the company, or the company is seeking to replace human capital that may no longer be employed with the company. For a new position that is created, a company may begin planning a year ahead of the time the position needs to be filled. This strategy allows the company to observe staffing needs before the job opening is released. This type of strategic planning also provides an opportunity for the requirements of the job to be laid out as well. The requirements for a job are based on several aspects including the mental/physical tasks involved, how the job will be done, and the qualifications needed. These important factors are usually resolved by HR meeting with managers and employees to gain understanding of the potential job opening. In instances where an organization does not have employees, HR may choose to rely on descriptions utilized by other companies that have similar positions. In all cases, there is generally a timeframe that is guiding the process. This is because the longer a company goes without a replacement or new hires to fill the position in need, the more in revenue the company may be losing. “The job description is basically an outline of...
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...Skeleton optimises the placement of these elements Surface Skeleton Structure Scope Strategy Jesse James Garrett: Elements of User Experience www.jjg.net Skeleton is an expression of underlying structure Defines how users interact with application/website Site map Surface Skeleton Structure Scope Strategy Jesse James Garrett: Elements of User Experience www.jjg.net Structure relates to how elements and features are placed Scope describes what those elements and features are used for Whether a feature or included or not? That’s scope! Surface Skeleton Structure Scope user tasks: • Search for course details • Information about Modules • Search for entry requirements • Search for staff member • Details of placement programme • Search for postgraduate degree • Career Guidance • News and events • Search for deadlines • …. Strategy Jesse James Garrett: Elements of User Experience www.jjg.net The scope is determined by strategy What do owner want to get out of it? What should users get out of it? Surface Skeleton Structure Scope Strategy business goals: • Replace need for students to arrange appointments • One stop shop for course related information • Instant updates user constituencies: • Students • Business • … usage contexts: • At school • At home • Smartphone on the road • … • Concrete details of...
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...PROJECT PROPOSAL TOPIC: ITEM REQUISITION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Background Of The Study The inconvenience involved in item requisition at the library and at the security checkpoint is very discouraging, time consuming and it does not give room for students to take borrowed books out of the library and get access to other items at the security checkpoint without their student identification card. In addition, the manual/paper logbook system brings about impersonation thus imposters getting access and taking away the school's items. Problem Statements * Security guards on duty at their post have little or no means to validate the content of students’ identification cards shown to them by students when students want to make request for library books, classroom keys and projectors. * Students cannot request for library books, classroom keys and projectors without showing their students’ identification cards. Aim Of The Study The purpose of this project is to design and develop a system for the security department of Ghana Technology University College (GTUC) to facilitate an effective release and recovery or tracking of library books, classroom keys and projectors to students. This system will also enable students without students’ identification cards to make requisition of such items. Objectives * Get basic information of students and store in a central database. * Store the requisition activities in the database. * Make the database...
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...3031203 Amanthi Wijeyekoon – Student ID 3037866 Clara Chong – Student ID 3047408 Tina Swaker – Student ID 121271 Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Assumptions 2 1.2 Where to from here 3 1.3 Use of Groupware tool 3 2 Competitive Advantage 4 2.1 Making business decisions I – Porter’s Five Forces & Generic Strategy 4 2.2 Making business decisions II – Customer Order Process 5 3 Customer Relationship Management 7 3.1 Making business decisions II - CRM 7 3.1.1 Extended Strategy 8 3.1.2 New Technologies 8 4 Business Intelligence 9 4.1 Making business decisions II 9 5 Systems Development 14 5.1 Making business decisions II – PYT Business Requirement 14 6 Bibliography 15 Appendix B – PYT Business Requirement for New Payroll System 16 Appendix C - Groupware Tools 20 Figures Figure 1: As-is Broadway Cafe Rich Picture 2 Figure 2: Broadway Cafe Alters Diagram 3 Figure 3: The Broadway Café Five Forces model 4 Figure 4: Customer Ordering Process 6 Figure 5. As-Is payroll system 14 Figure 6. Flow chart payroll system 17 Figure 7: Team ISO Groupware Home Page 20 Tables Table 1: YouTube Pros and Cons 7 Table 2. Comparison of Spreadsheet and Databases 11 Table 3. Wikispaces advantages & disadvantages 20 Introduction This case study addresses the following information systems (IS) concepts for the Broadway Café, as detailed at http://www.cohesioncase.com. • Competitive Advantage -...
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...Copies of the CFR are available for viewing at the Code of Federal Regulations (Annual Edition) page at the U.S. Government Printing Office Web site; you can also browse the e-CFR, a currently updated version of the CFR. Please feel free to contact TTB's National Revenue Center concerning any of the requirements that may not be clear to you. For your convenience, the mailing address and telephone number of the National Revenue Center are listed on the final page of this publication. John Manfreda Administrator, Tax and Trade Bureau -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Liquor Laws and Regulations for Retail Dealers Contents 1. General 2. Retail Dealers Must Register with TTB 3. Requirement to Amend Registration 4. Requirements on Retail Dealers Who Sell to Other Dealers 5. Closures on Bottles of Distilled Spirits 6. Refilling, Reusing and Disposing of Liquor Bottles 7. Prohibited Purchases of Distilled Spirits 8. Required Records 9. Inspection by Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Officers 1. General Retail dealers of distilled spirits, wine or beer must comply with certain requirements...
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...elements of the operating budget. Briefed your unit commander on budget policies, ULLS-S4 budget structure, and ULLS-S4 standing operating procedures for budget processes. None of the above 4. Your CSDP Evaluation report is due. What situation will cause a delay in meeting reporting requirements, and should be reported to higher headquarters? The end of the month falls on a weekend The unit is undergoing a change of command Your unit ULLS-S4 system has just been repaired All of the above 5. When reviewing ULLS-S4 system password security for your unit's CSDP Inspection, you should verify that passwords: Consist of 5 digits Consist of all numeric characters Are randomly selected Are changed every 90 days 6. What documentation must accompany a DA Form 1687, Notice of Delegation of Authority - Receipt for Supplies when it is submitted to support activities by the PBO? Appointment Orders Assumption of Command Orders Commander?s Letter of Intent Request for Supplies 7. When items require condition code verification what form must accompany the turn-in? DA Form 3645 DA Form 2407 DA Form 4697 DA Form 1687 8. What process is NOT covered in the CSDP requirements tables in AR 710-2? Ledger/Sub-ledgers Change Documents ULLS-S4 System Operations Hand Receipts 9. The CD-ROM catalog update...
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...com. Gee Comfort has plenty of handmade knit wear such as scarves, blankets, purses, and pillows. As stated by Speaks, G. (2013) “At Gee Comfort, my mission is to create beautiful, handmade items by stitch of love at a time.” She noticed that she was having a hard time keeping up with orders being made and shipments needing to get out because not only does she run this website and knit/crochet everything by hand, but she also works outside of her small business as a chef. Using the information given to me from the interview as well as knowing how she runs her business from observation. A comprehensive job description has been created that she will be using to advertise and possibly hire someone to assist her. Duties and Performance Requirements Mrs. Speaks took some time to jot down exactly what she needed help with and how she would like the job to be completed. She has also added a couple of duties in which would be extremely helpful to her and the business she is trying to grow. The new employee’s duties...
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...business and economics, gap analysis is a tool that helps companies compare actual performance with potential performance. At its core are two questions: "Where are we?" and "Where do we want to be?" If a company or organization does not make the best use of current resources, or foregoes investment in capital or technology, it may produce or perform below its potential. This concept is similar to the base case of being below the production possibilities frontier. Gap analysis identifies gaps between the optimized allocation and integration of the inputs (resources), and the current allocation level. This reveals areas that can be improved. Gap analysis involves determining, documenting, and approving the variance between business requirements and current capabilities. Gap analysis naturally flows from benchmarking and other assessments. Once the general expectation of performance in the industry is understood, it is possible to compare that expectation with the company's current level of performance. This comparison becomes the gap analysis. Such analysis can be performed at the strategic or operational level of an organization. Gap analysis is a formal study of what a business is doing currently and where it wants to go in the future. It can be conducted, in different perspectives, as follows: Organization (e.g., human resources) Business direction Business processes Information technology Gap analysis provides a foundation for measuring investment of time, money...
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...Statement of purpose/problem * Objective * Limitation * Section 2 * Design/Method * Sampling * Sample area * Universe * Sample scope * Sample size * Sample method * Experimental and controlled group conditions * Method * Variable * Data gathering * Data Analysis * Evaluation of risks * Risk analysis * Risk * Probability * Alternative ways/way outs/possible solution * Section 3 * Phase wise distribution of the work plan * Time line * Tools needed for the specific phase * HR requirements * Transportation * Tentative cost, etc * Note: One need to keep a co-relation between every aspect while making the phase wise plan, i.e. what are the...
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...units) for 20x0: | | | Light Coils | Heavy Coils | Projected sales | 60,000 | 40,000 | Add: Desired inventories, December 31, 20x0 | 25,000 | 9,000 | Total requirements | 85,000 | 49,000 | Deduct: Expected inventories, January 1, 20x0 | 20,000 | 8,000 | Production required (units) | 65,000 | 41,000 | 3. | Raw-material purchases budget (in quantities) for 20x0: | | | | Raw Material | | Sheet Metal | Copper Wire | Platforms | Light coils (65,000 units projected to be produced) | 130,000 | 65,000 | __ | Heavy coils (41,000 units projected to be produced) | 102,500 | 61,500 | 41,000 | Production requirements | 232,500 | 126,500 | 41,000 | Add: Desired inventories, December 31, 20x0 | 18,000 | 16,000 | 7,000 | Total requirements | 250,500 | 142,500 | 48,000 | Deduct: Expected inventories, January 1, 20x0 | 16,000 | 14,500 | 6,000 | Purchase requirements (quantity) | 234,500 | 128,000 | 42,000 | 4. | Raw-material purchases budget for 20x0: | | | Raw Material | Raw Material Required (units) | Anticipated Purchase Price...
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...communication. 4. To coach students to their interpersonal basic skills use. 5. To help students understand that they have choices in trying to address interpersonal communication issues. Student Learning Outcomes At the end of the course, students will 1. Demonstrate understanding of interpersonal communication theories and models as applied to a variety of interpersonal communication situations. 2. Plan and execute strategies to perform her/his own interpersonal communication. 3. Make informed observations and evaluations of his/her own interpersonal communication and that of others. 4. Indicate empathy with others in a variety of interpersonal communication contexts. Course Requirements See Course Schedule for complete requirements and due dates. Below is an overview of the major assignments and...
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