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* Your Learning Team has been assigned two articles to analyze for assignments in Weeks Three and Four. One article is a qualitative research study, and the other is a quantitative research study. Identify which article is which, and then complete the table where applicable. Write no more than three sentences in each cell of the table. * * | * Qualitative | * Quantitative | * Article Name Listed in APA Format | Jerlock, M., Gaston-Johansson, F., & Danielson, E. (2005). Living with unexplained chest pain. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14, 956-964. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Dumont, C.J., Keeling, A.W., Bourguignon, C., Sarembock, I.J., Turner, M. (2006, May/June). Predictors of vascular complications post diagnostic cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary interventions. Dimension of Critical Care Nursing, 25(3), 137-142. Retrieved from http://journals.lww.com | * Research question | * How does unexplained chest pain affect the everyday life from a patients’ perspective and how can this help fill in the gaps of nursing knowledge and improve nursing practice (Jerlock, Gaston-Johansson, Danielson, 2005). * | * “What was the incidence of vascular complications post CC and PCI at the University of Virginia Heart and Vascular Center during the years 2001 through 2003? What patient demographic, comorbid, and procedural variables are statistically predictive for vascular access complications” (Dumont, Keeling, Bourguignon, Sarembock, Turner, 2006, p.137)? * | * Problem | * “Living with unexplained chest pain” (Jerlock et al., 2005, p.956). * | * Identifying risk factors or predictors of vascular complications after diagnostic cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary interventions (Dumont et al, 2006). * | * Purpose | * Describe patients’ experience of unexplained chest pain and describe how the pain affects their everyday life (Jerlock et al., 2005). | * “The purpose of the current study was to provide baseline data on the number and type of vascular complications post CC and PCI experienced at this institution and the significance of risk factor predictors for these complications” (Dumont et al, 2006, p.139). * | * Hypothesis | * Patients have experiences of unexplained chest pain, and the pain affected their everyday life. * (Cite Reference) | (1) There was the incidence of vascular complications post CC and PCI (2) Patient demographic, comorbid, and procedural variables are correlated to vascular access complications * (Cite Reference) | * Independent variable | * Exploration of patients perspectives on chest pain and the effect of the chest pain on their daily lives. * Participants completed a questionnaire, and then eligibility for participation was determined through inclusion criteria of: age, ascertainment by a physician that patient symptoms were not organic in nature, and the experience of pain greater than twice in the past four weeks * The open-ended, unstructured interviews involving patients living with unexplained chest pain at locations of patient choice. (Cite Reference) * | * “Diagnostic cardiac catheterization and/or percutaneous coronary intervention” (p.137). | * Dependent variable | * The patients’ perspectives on living with unexplained chest pain were collected through individual interviews, summarization, and frequencies of subthemes to identify the theme of “intrusion into the * everyday life world” (p.960). * (Cite Reference) which one? Specify * | * “Risk of vascular access complications described as cardiac events, stroke, death, renal failure, and vascular complications” (p. 138). (Cite Reference) which one? Specify | * Theoretical framework | The framework or the philosophical foundation is not explicitly identified for the study. The study is based on the previous researcher’s findings that well-being and quality of life profiles in patients suffering from unexplained chest pain deteriorate in accordance with increasing severity of pain. * The study findings addressed the unexplained chest pain issue and lack of intervention, which developed a framework for the future study. * (Cite Reference) * | * The framework is based on expert’s opinion and preliminary work suggested some the correlation factors that increasing the complication risks which are increased age, repeated intervention using the same vascular access site, anticoagulation, female gender, past medical history of peripheral vascular disease (PVD), past medical history of hypertension (HTN),undergoing a PCI and the presence of a venous sheath (Cite Reference) | * Population | * Those patients admitted to the Emergency Department who were under 70 years of age, and who had no organic cause for chest pain as ascertained by a physician. (Cite Reference) * | * Those patients who had experienced two or more episodes of chest pain in the past four weeks. * The study was conducted over a three month period. * Patients who underwent CC or PCI and were 21 years of age or older, and to whom the use of femoral artery for percutaneous, and the routine standard of care for sheath removal was applied. (Cite Reference) which one? Specify | * Setting | This study was carried out at an Emergency Department (ED) University Hospital in Western Sweden. The informants were contacted for interviews after they had been discharged a few days ago from ED. 17 informants were interviewed at the ED room, one at informant’s home and one at informant’s workplace. (Cite Reference) which one? Specify | This is a descriptive, and correlation study. Data from the records of patients who had undergone cardiac catheterization (CC) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 2001 and 2003 were retrieved from the Clinical Automated Office Solutions database of University of Virginia Heart and Vascular Center. (Cite Reference) which one? Specify | * Sampling method | * Theoretical method with interviews of those patients who met the criteria for the study. * | * “Convenience sampling of 11,119 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization and/or percutaneous intervention, with femoral artery access, in the years 2001 to 2003” (p. 137). Which reference? specify | * Practice application | There is no identified practice application in the study. The authors mentioned that the unexplained chest pain phenomena did not receive enough attention and lack of evidence based practice research. (Cite Reference) | There is no practice application described in the study because the data was collected from the computer medical records of the patients. | * Theoretical application | * Theoretical application is not solely based on a certain theory. The authors interviewed individuals with open ended questions and review of ED documentation in a sample group fitting the result criteria of eligibility. (Jerlock, Gaston-Johansson, Danielson, 2005). * | * Those participating in this study met certain criteria allowing them to participate. The medical records were gathered for those eligible and used to correlate certain interventions and there effects on the patients. (Dumont, Keeling, Bourguignon, Sarembock, Turner, 2006) | * Level of evidence | * There is a low level of evidence for this particular study. This study is conducted via interview with many independent variables and information is based partly on patient answers. A lack of theoretical framework and practice application also contribute to the low level of evidence. * | * This article has a high level of evidence as the information includes a problem, interventions, and results of a very distinguishable population. The patients medical records are where part of the information was gathered increasing evidence. The information is presented in a clear manner increasing understanding therefor decreasing error. * | * Is the article useful for EBP, Outcomes Research, both, or neither? Explain your answer. | * This article would be useful for Outcome Research as it is the groundwork for more in-depth research on the issue of living with chest pain. This continued research would allow interventions to be explored and statistical data applied. The information gathered is not substantial enough to be considered evidence based. | * This information would be good for both EBP and Outcome Research. The information is specific and results clear proving the interventions are useful. The study starts and ends with the patient’s well-being in mind and is a creditable source for further research offering conclusive evidence to work with. | * * * Note. Not all studies contain all of these elements, or the element may be necessary but was not addressed. If the study does not address one of these elements and it was not necessary, simply indicate with a rationale in the appropriate box. If the element was not adequately discussed, provide an answer based on your readings and your understanding of the research study.

References

Dumont, C.J., Keeling, A.W., Bourguignon, C., Sarembock, I.J., Turner, M. (2006, May/June).
Predictors of vascular complications post diagnostic cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary interventions. Dimension of Critical Care Nursing, 25(3), 137-142. Retrieved from http://journals.lww.com
Jerlock, M., Gaston-Johansson, F., & Danielson, E. (2005). Living with unexplained chest pain. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14, 956-964. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com

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