...The purpose of this response is to determine the difference between direct finance leasing, sales-type leasing or an operating lease for Company ABC. To accomplish this, I will discuss a little background on all of the options and the advantages and disadvantages of a lease. This will aid company ABC in determining the best course of action for acquiring equipment in the future. First, what is a lease? “According to the Federal Accounting Standards Board (FASB), a lease is an agreement conveying the right to use property, plant, and equipment usually for a stated period of time” (Lee, 2003). Essentially a lease is an agreement between a lessee and lessor whereby the lessor “rents” their equipment to the lessee in return for a determined payment or series or payments over an agreed time period. SFAS No. 13 has specified criteria by which lease structures are classified into two basic types of leases, capital and operating leases. If all of the benefits and risk of ownership are transferred to the lessee, the FASB considers it to be a capital lease (Lee, 2003). The capital lease is then further classified in to a sales type lease and direct financing lease. A sales-type lease has a fair value amount different from its carrying amount (Lee, 2003). A sales-type lease can involve any type of property, plant and/or equipment. To be considered a capital lease it must do one of the following; (1) transfer of ownership to lessee, (2) option to purchase the property at a bargain price...
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...may be situations that may go wrong with RPC. A client will send a request; the server will execute the request and then return a response to the client. The possible appropriate semantics for server or network failures are listed as follows: 1. Endless waiting for the reply that will never come. This is a model of a regular procedure call. When a normal procedure goes into an infinite loop, the caller will not be able to find it out. 2. Time out and raise an exception or report failure to the client. Because finding an appropriate timer value is difficult. If the remote procedure takes a long time to execute, a timer might time-out too quickly. 3. Time out and retransmit the request. The final possibility seems the most reasonable; it may lead to problems. Let’s consider the following:...
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...July/Dec-2014 1 Project Profile:Project Title Employee Management System Objectives System is used to Manage Employees, In Recruitment process choose candidate, Project Management, Client Management at one place. Platform Web Application Front End .NET Framework 4.0 with VB Back End Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Tools Visual Studio 2010, Ajax Control Toolkit 4,Crystal Report 2008 Students Name Sona Patel (13084231201) Payal Patel (13084231170) Internal Guide Hiral R. Patel Developed By Sona Patel Payal Patel Existing System:• Existing system requires manual integration of data and management of different-different processes. • Company requires different systems for Human Resource Information management, Project management and client & Product management. • Searching and tracking of information becomes complex and time consuming. Need for New System:• The new system requires to integrate systems for Human Resource Information , Client management and Project management at one place. • It makes data manipulation of projects & employees easy and fast. Its Less time consuming and provide efficient searching. FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION:• User Specification: 1. Administrator 2. HR Manager 3. Recruitment Manager 4. Marketing Manager 5. Project Leader 6. Team Leader 7. Employees / Team Members Users Specification:1) Administrator:• • Administrator can create and manage clients, projects and users...
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...July/Dec-2014 1 Project Profile:Project Title Employee Management System Objectives System is used to Manage Employees, In Recruitment process choose candidate, Project Management, Client Management at one place. Platform Web Application Front End .NET Framework 4.0 with VB Back End Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Tools Visual Studio 2010, Ajax Control Toolkit 4,Crystal Report 2008 Students Name Sona Patel (13084231201) Payal Patel (13084231170) Internal Guide Hiral R. Patel Developed By Sona Patel Payal Patel Existing System:• Existing system requires manual integration of data and management of different-different processes. • Company requires different systems for Human Resource Information management, Project management and client & Product management. • Searching and tracking of information becomes complex and time consuming. Need for New System:• The new system requires to integrate systems for Human Resource Information , Client management and Project management at one place. • It makes data manipulation of projects & employees easy and fast. Its Less time consuming and provide efficient searching. FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION:• User Specification: 1. Administrator 2. HR Manager 3. Recruitment Manager 4. Marketing Manager 5. Project Leader 6. Team Leader 7. Employees / Team Members Users Specification:1) Administrator:• • Administrator can create and manage clients, projects and users...
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...------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assignment COURSE- Modern Web Programming Tools and Techniques-I COURSE CODE- CAP618T SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO: Anil Kumar MANDEEP KAUR Roll-A11 Reg. - 11009839 Sec- D1R05 Q:1 Take a JavaBean Object named “Profession” with properties domain and expertise. Show the use of all 4 scope types on this object. Ans: Profession.jsp file package pk; public class profession { int domain; int expertise; public int getdomain() { return domain; } public void setdomain(int a) { this.domain=a; } public int getexpertise() { return expertise; } public void setexpertise(int b) { this.expertise=b; } } 1) Index.jsp file(for session Object) 2) Index.jsp file(for Page Object) 3) Index.jsp file(for Request Object) 4) Index.jsp file(for Application Object) Q:2 Discuss and Demonstrate the use of all page directive attributes. Give minimum 2 separate types of examples for each attribute, to make it clear that how that attribute is effecting output. Ans: Page directive attributes...
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...Reverse engineering is basically going to previous files directory or parent file directory. The attacker will be able to develop a tool which will direct him to source files of webpage. Hence source code can be retrieved from server because of poor designing of application. 3) By knowing the software used by server from response packet, the attacker can launch different types of attack like denial of service, penetration of worm, etc. Attacker can also successfully access data from any file directory in server’s system. 4) HTTP request smuggling attack is used to bypass firewall or other gateways using proxies. In this attack the attacker parses the malicious data, URL or code with the legitimate HTTP packet so that this packet gets access like legitimate packets. 5) HTTP response splitting is an attack in which attacker sends request to server when user sends the request to the server so that server will transmit two response to the user. In this case attacker has control of second response and hence can exploit various attacks like cross-site scripting, web cache poisoning,...
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...Operational Laws and Mean Value Analysis Nirdosh Bhatnagar 1. Introduction Operational technique can be used to analyse both computer and networking systems. We …rst introduce basics of operational analysis. This technique is then extended to open and closed queueing networks. The closed queueing network considered has single servers at its queueing centers. 2. Operational Analysis Basics The word operational means measurable. The analysis presented in this chapter assumes that the performance metrics of a computer can be directly inferred by measurable quantities. The measurable quantities are called operational quantities. The laws which relate operational quantities are called operational laws. Operational laws for computer systems will be studied in this note. We …rst introduce some notation. Notation: M =Number of queueing centers in the network. T = Finite observation period. Ai = Number of arrivals at queue i (device i) during observation period. Bi = Total busy period of queue i during observation period. Ci = Number of service completions at queue i during observation period. Di = Total service demand by a customer at device i. Qi = Queue length at device i (including the job in service) Ri = Response time per visit to the ith device. Si = Average service time per customer visit to queue i during observation period. Ui = Utilization of queue i during observation period. Vi = Average number of visits to queue i by a customer before it leaves the system during observation...
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...commits a fault or a crime; a culprit. Failing in duty; offending by neglect of duty. Asynchronous Completion Token The Asynchronous Completion Token design pattern efficiently dispatches processing actions within a client in response to the completion of asynchronous operations invoked by the client. Also Known As Active Demultiplexing [PRS+99] Example Consider a distributed Electronic Medical Imaging System (EMIS) [PHS96] consisting of multiple components, such as image servers, which store and retrieve medical images [JWS98].1 The performance and reliability of an EMIS is crucial to physicians, medical staff, and patients using the system. Therefore, it is important to monitor the state of EMIS components carefully. Specialized agent components address this need by propagating events from other EMIS components, such as image servers, back to management applications. Administrators can use these management applications to monitor, visualize, and control [PSK+97] the EMIS’s overall status and performance. For example, a management application can request that an agent notify it every time an image server on a host accepts a new network connection. Typically, such a request is issued by invoking an 1. Other components in a distributed EMIS include modalities, clinical and diagnostic workstations that perform imaging processing and display, hierarchical storage management (HSM) systems, and patient record databases [BBC94]. © Douglas C...
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...the file transfer time, it was not concerned with the quality of the transfer between two servers, and was inappropriate for file segmentation and transfer, so the file transfer could not attain the optimal transfer efficacy. Based on our research, we propose a new method called Distributed Parallelized File Transfer Protocol (DPFTP). This method is based on Parallelized File Transfer Protocol (P-FTP) and is beneficial to multi-users, as it utilizes server loading and reduces the download time. Keywords—FTP; P-FTP; DPFTP ; multi-users; (Autonomous System) P-FTP server in the center of the area and message passing to allow the client to download from multiple file servers by parallel transfer. The P-FTP file transfer protocol, divided into three parts performance, includes the client, PFTP server and mirror servers; the P-FTP flow chat as shown in fig 1[2]. II. PARALLELIZED FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL I. INTRODUCTION Due...
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...client’s answers to interrogatories and requests for production of documents. Unfortunately, upon receipt of your discovery responses, I was disappointed to learn that many of your client’s responses appear to be unresponsive, evasive, and contain improper objections. Accordingly, please accept this letter as a good faith attempt to resolve this discovery dispute. As you know, the scope of permissible discovery as articulated in Md. Rule 2-402 is incredibly broad and permits Mr. Hamlet to discover any information that is “relevant to the subject matter involved in the action, whether it relates to the claim or defense of any other party [so long as] . . . the information sought appears reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence.” Between your client’s answers to interrogatories and responses to requests for documents, you object fourteen (14) times on the grounds that the information sought is irrelevant. Md. Rule 2-402 expressly prohibits a party from unilaterally declaring that information irrelevant. Additionally, for the reasons stated below, many of the other six...
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...management for users that connect and use a network service. RADIUS was developed by Livingston Enterprises, Inc. in 1991 as an access server authentication and accounting protocol and later brought into the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standards. Because of the broad support and the ubiquitous nature of the RADIUS protocol, it is often used by ISPs and enterprises to manage access to the Internet or internal networks, wireless networks, and integrated e-mail services. These networks may incorporate modems, DSL, access points, VPNs, network ports, web servers, etc. RADIUS is a client/server protocol that runs in the application layer, using UDP as transport. The Remote Access Server, the Virtual Private Network server, the Network switch with port-based authentication, and the Network Access Server (NAS), are all gateways that control access to the network, and all have a RADIUS client component that communicates with the RADIUS server. RADIUS is often the backend of choice for 802.1X authentication as well. The RADIUS server is usually a background process running on a UNIX or Microsoft Windows server. Diameter is an authentication, authorization, and accounting protocol for computer networks. It evolved from and replaces the much less capable RADIUS protocol that preceded it. Diameter Applications extend the base protocol by adding new commands and/or attributes, such as those for use of the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). Differences between RADIUS...
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...as secure communicating channel,strong encryption procedure and trusted outsider to keep up the electronic database. The traditional systems for encryption in Secure Electronic Transaction can just keep up the information security. The restricted data of client could be accessed by the unapproved client for pernicious reason. Accordingly, it is important to apply successful encryption techniques to upgrade data security and authentication of data communication. The numerous encryption methods gives sufficient security to electronic exchanges over remote system. In this survey paper the needs of various encryption procedure in Secure Electronic Transactions are proposed to upgrade the security of data confidentiality. This method builds the data security in such a way, to the point that unauthorized user cannot get to any piece of data over wireless network as web. INTRODUCTION: Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is a standard protocol for securing credit card transactions over compromised networks, particularly, the Internet. SET is a set of rules and regulations that empower clients to perform financial transactions through existing payment system over unreliable wireless network (web) in much secure and dependable way [1]. SET is an application to give different security benefits as confidentiality, integrity and authenticity for all electronic transactions over the web. Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is fundamental for the fruitful electronic transaction over the wireless...
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...QUESTION 1 Peer-to-peer also known as decentralized network A peer-to-peer network is quite small, simple and less expensive network structure that connects about 10 computers. All computers have both client and server functionality. This means all can send and receive at the same time. There is no central server on this type of a network. All computers on this network have the same capability to use the resources such as hardware, software and data files available on the network. This network is insecure in such a way that any files from any computer can be accessible by unauthorized people. Administration is hard compared to client server where a server is a central computer to control all clients on the network. On Bittorrent, peer-to-peer...
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...Mini Case II Deals-R-Us Brokers (Part 1) Fred Jones, a distant relative of yours and president of Deals-R-Us Brokers (DRUB), has come to you for advice. DRUB is a small brokerage house that enables its clients to buy and sell stocks over the Internet, as well as place traditional orders by phone or fax. DRUB has just decided to install a new e-mail package. One vendor is offering SMTP-based two-tier client-server architecture. The second vendor is offering Web-based e-mail architecture. Fred doesn’t understand either one but thinks the Web-based one should be better because, in his words, “the Web is the future.” a. Briefly explain to Fred, in layperson’s terms, the differences between the two. b. Outline the pros and cons of the two alternatives and make a recommendation to Fred about which is better. How E-mail Works The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the most commonly used e-mail standard simply because it is the e-mail standard used on the Internet. E-mail works similarly to how the Web works, but it is a bit more complex. SMTP e-mail is usually implemented as a two-tier thick client-server application, but not always. Two-Tier Thick E-mail Architecture With two-tier thick client-server architecture, each client computer runs an application layer software package called a mail user agent, which is usually more commonly called an e-mail client (Figure 1). There are many common e-mail client software packages such as Eudora and Outlook. The user creates the...
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...11 ASP.NET In this chapter you will: o o o o o o Learn about client/server architecture Study server-side scripting Create ASP .NET applications Learn about object collections Study ASP .NET’s core objects Create a guest book CHAPTER Y our Web browser is a client in the client/server environment of the Web. Up to this point, this book has focused on client-side JavaScript development in Web browsers. For you to develop a full complement of Web development skills, you also need to understand the server side of the Web— in particular, how server-side scripting fits into Web development. In this chapter, you will study server-side scripting with ASP.NET. But before getting into server-side scripting, it’s helpful to set the stage by reviewing the fundamentals of client/server architecture. 507 508 Chapter 11 ASP.NET CLIENT/SERVER ARCHITECTURE There are many definitions of the term’s client and server. In traditional client/server architecture, the server is usually some sort of database from which a client requests information. A server fulfills a request for information by managing the request or serving the requested information to the client—hence the term, client/server. A system consisting of a client and a server is known as a two-tier system. One of the primary roles of the client, or front end, in a two-tier system is the presentation of an interface to the user.The user interface gathers information from the user, submits it to a server, or back...
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