...Roles of International Financial Institutions Marcus Jenkins MGT448 January 10, 2011 Paul Bogert Introduction When listening to the latest television report concerning global business news or world economics, names of financial institutions such as World Bank, International Monetary Funds, and Asian Development Bank may be the center of some discussion. A major player on the global forefront, international financial institutions function much differently from local neighborhood banks. In this paper the author will define the roles of international financial institutions and explain the role international financial institutions play in global financing operations. Also the author describes how international financial institutions can help in managing risks. Defining International Financial Institutions “The international financial institutions (IFIs) are global institutions established to promote economic development and trade” (Arvanitakis, 2001). Governed by international law, these financial institutions are generally established by more than one country. Funded by taxpayers these institutions are also very influential. Each year these institutions lend billions of dollars to help fund economic development and projects in some of the poorer nations in the world. The most prominent example of international financial institutions is the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund were the first...
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...The Role of Financial Institutions in Financial Markets Paper In the contemporary business environment, there is cut-throat competition between companies for achieving excellence and long-term profitability. Most of these companies are dependent on various financial institutions for fund management. The given paper is a descriptive analysis of the role of financial institutions in financial markets. In addition to this, the paper also talks about how these institutions interact with each other. Financial market is a system that provides a common platform to people for the purpose of buying and selling financial securities, commodities, and other fungible items. In addition to that, the financial market also helps in risk mitigation and international trade. An efficient financial market facilitates these transactions at low cost and effective hypothesis (Amadeo, 2010). Financial markets can be grouped as: * Capital market, Stock and Bond markets. * Commodity markets. * Money markets, for short and long term financing. * Derivative markets, provides tool for managing financial risks. * Insurance markets; and * Foreign exchange markets. On the other side of things, financial institutions in simple words can be defined as an institution that provides various financial services to its customers. These institutions act as financial intermediaries between individual customers, organizations, and government (InvestorWords.com, 2010). Financial intuitions...
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...Role of Financial Institutions in the financial development and economic development Financial intermediaries perform an important role in the development process, particularly through their role in allocating resources to their most productive uses. More efficient financial markets help economic agents hedge, trade, pool risk, raising investment and economic growth. Financial institutions provide consumers and commercial clients with a wide range of services and different types of banking products. The importance of financial institutions to the wider economy is apparent during market booms and recessions. During economic upturns, financial institutions provide the financing that drives economic growth, and during recessions, banks curtail lending. This can exacerbate a country's financial problems and draw attention to the fact that economies are heavily reliant upon the financial sector. The importance of financial institutions and passed legislation made it easier for more people to obtain products and services from these entities. In many countries, banks are encouraged or even compelled to lend money to home buyers and small businesses. Readily available loans encourage consumer spending, and this spending leads to economic growth. There is now a clear realization that sustainable development will not and cannot be achieved by governments acting alone. In this context, the expertise of the private sector plays an important role. Role of Financial Institutions in the...
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...Global Financing and Exchange Rate Mechanisms Global Financing and Exchange Rate Mechanisms International financial institutions are very important for the world to function. International institutions provide capital, improves the standards of living in developing countries. International institutions include World Bank, IMF, and the regional development banks. This essay defines the roles of international financial institutions; as well as how they are used in financing operation. International financial comes with risk and the importance of managing the risk. Roles of international financial insititutions The role of international financial institutions is firm so that we can move forward to expanding to additional countries. The role of international financial institutions is to providing financial support and stable advice for project in developing countries. The role of international financial institutions is to provide stability in the developing countries. The role includes being governed by international laws because it involves more than one country. The international financial also supports the private sector in struggling countries by providing support and give initiatives to help the developing countries such as Africa. The international institutions provide loans and other aids to the countries ("Unisdr", n.d.). For example, with the Keystone pipeline project; this is project that is head by a company called TransCanada. Canada...
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...Foundations of Financial Markets and Institutions, 4e (Fabozzi/Modigliani/Jones) Chapter 2 Financial Institutions, Financial Intermediaries, and Asset Management Firms Multiple Choice Questions 1 Financial Institutions 1) Financial enterprises, more popularly referred to as financial institutions, provide a variety of services. Which of the below is NOT one of these? A) Transform financial assets acquired through the market and constituting them into a different, and more widely preferable, type of asset–which becomes their liability. B) Exchange financial assets on behalf of customers but not for their own accounts. C) Manage the portfolios of other market participants. D) Assist in the creation of financial assets for their customers, and then sell those financial assets to other market participants. Answer: B Comment: Financial enterprises exchange financial assets both on behalf of customers and for their own accounts. Diff: 2 Topic: 2.1 Financial Institutions Objective: 2.1 the business of financial institutions 2) Financial intermediaries include ________ that acquire the bulk of their funds by offering their liabilities to the public mostly in the form of deposits; insurance companies, pension funds, and finance companies. A) depository institutions B) utilities C) initial public offerings D) preferred equity instrument. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 2.1 Financial Institutions Objective: 2.1 the business of financial institutions 3) Some...
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...Foundations of Financial Markets and Institutions, 4e (Fabozzi/Modigliani/Jones) Chapter 2 Financial Institutions, Financial Intermediaries, and Asset Management Firms Multiple Choice Questions 1 Financial Institutions 1) Financial enterprises, more popularly referred to as financial institutions, provide a variety of services. Which of the below is NOT one of these? A) Transform financial assets acquired through the market and constituting them into a different, and more widely preferable, type of asset–which becomes their liability. B) Exchange financial assets on behalf of customers but not for their own accounts. C) Manage the portfolios of other market participants. D) Assist in the creation of financial assets for their customers, and then sell those financial assets to other market participants. Answer: B Comment: Financial enterprises exchange financial assets both on behalf of customers and for their own accounts. Diff: 2 Topic: 2.1 Financial Institutions Objective: 2.1 the business of financial institutions 2) Financial intermediaries include ________ that acquire the bulk of their funds by offering their liabilities to the public mostly in the form of deposits; insurance companies, pension funds, and finance companies. A) depository institutions B) utilities C) initial public offerings D) preferred equity instrument. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 2.1 Financial Institutions Objective: 2.1 the business of financial institutions 3) Some...
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...has brought about shrinking of theof the globe and tighter global communication. The emergence of this new revolution has changed and elevated the roles that financial institutions play in global functions and their importance. It has also increased their significance in managing risks. This paper intends to first define the roles of financial institutions and describe how they are applied to global financial operations. Then it will elucidate the significance of these institutions in managing risks. Defining International Financial Institutions Financial institutions are institutions that act as financial intermediaries and provide their members and customers with financial services and support. Like their counterparts, international financial institutions serve the same purpose, but are institutions by two or more countries and are subject to international laws (International Financial Institutions). Other functions of international financial institutions are stabilizing the exchange rate, regulating currency conversion, economic and social restructuring, and assisting countries in financial crisis. There are various types of international financial institutions that include Bretton Woods Institutions, Regional financial institutions, and Bi-lateral development banks. Some examples of these financial institutions are the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, European...
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...Financial Institutions and Financial Markets FIN/370 Financial Institutions and Financial Markets The state of the economy in the United States is very crucial to businesses and society. The success of the economy is reliant on financial institutions and financial markets. “The market for the creation and exchange of financial assets such as money, stocks, and bonds, plays a central role in organizing and coordinating our economy” (Colander, 2013, p. 643). Financial institutions are essential in providing funding for activities that take place within the financial markets. This paper will describe the roles of financial institutions and financial markets in our economy, as well as compare and discuss the differentiations between markets. The Roles of Financial Institutions Financial institutions play a vital role in the success of our economy and financial markets. They are responsible for financial transactions such as deposits, investments, and loans. Examples of financial institutions are commercial banks, investment banks, credit unions, insurance companies, mutual funds, and brokerages. A few of the well-known U.S. financial institutions are Bank of America, JP Morgan Chase Bank, Wachovia Bank, and Wells Fargo Bank. Financial institutions provide a means of savings for society and businesses. Saving money incurs interest, which allows people and businesses to save additional funds. Financial institutions provide loans so businesses can grow...
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...TERMS * Rural Financial Services Project (Africa Development Bank, German Agency for Technical Cooperation, World Bank): refers to a project being undertaken by the above bodies to provide financial services to the rural dwellers to enhance development. * Credit risk: This refers to the degree to which it is likely that a borrower or debtor may not repay a loan or debt. It also means a particular borrower or debtor perceived by a lender or creditor as being particularly not likely to repay a debt. (Microsoft Encarta 2007). | | | INTRODUCTION Poverty is one of the problems faced by the people living in the rural areas and this largely affects their lifestyles both socially and economically. Along with poverty, many other social problems or issues can be pointed out including unemployment, lack of education, lack of proper governance and over population. These problems are associated with poverty and most of the time regarded as causes or effects. In government’s bid to eradicate poverty from the rural areas, it adopted strategies and one of such strategies is microfinance. Microfinance involves the application of innovative methodologies that make financial services available to relatively poor households and microenterprises. Microfinance can also be termed as the practice of providing financial services including micro credit, micro savings and micro insurance to poverty stricken or poor individuals, such that they are assisted to collect large sums of money...
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...20 Role of Specialised Financial Institutions 20.1 Introduction In the previous lesson you have learnt that companies raise long-term and medium-term finance by issuing shares and debentures. Specialised financial institutions are also an important source of such finance. In this lesson, we shall discuss the role and functions of specialised financial institutions. 20.2 Objectives After studying this lesson, you will be able to :- l explain the need for and importance of specialised financial institutions; l identify the types of such institutions; l describe the functions and objectives of Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI) and State Financial Corporations (SFCs); l discuss the role and objectives of Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI); l state the functions of IDBI; l Recall the meaning of ‘investment trust’; 56 :: Business Studies l discuss the objectives and function of Unit Trust of India (U.T.I.) ; l Explain the objectives of Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (ICICI) ; l describe the functions of ICICI ; 20.3 Need for and importance of Specialised Financial Institutions (SFIs) SFIs are institutions set up mainly by the government for providing medium and long-term financial assistance to industry. As these institutions provide developmental finance, that is, finance for investment in fixed assets, they are also known as ‘development banks’ or ‘development financial institutions’. These institutions receive...
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...well-knit financial system. Financial system comprises, a set of sub-systems of financial institutions financial markets, financial instruments and services which help in the formation of capital. Thus a financial system provides a mechanism by which savings are transformed into investments and it can be said that financial system play an significant role in economic growth of the country by mobilizing surplus funds and utilizing them effectively for productive purpose. The financial system is characterized by the presence of integrated, organized and regulated financial markets, and institutions that meet the short term and long term financial needs of both the household and corporate sector. Both financial markets and financial institutions play an important role in the financial system by rendering various financial services to the community. They operate in close combination with each other. Financial System; |[pic] | The word "system", in the term "financial system", implies a set of complex and closely connected or interlined institutions, agents, practices, markets, transactions, claims, and liabilities in the economy. The financial system is concerned about money, credit and finance-the three terms are intimately related yet are somewhat different from each other. Indian financial system consists of financial market, financial instruments and financial intermediation Role/ Functions of Financial System:...
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...The Role Of Accounting On Business And Our Society Skyya Charles Strayer University ACC100 Ekaterina Kouprianova The Role of Accounting on Business and Our Society Accounting is considered to be a very vital career in the society because it deals with various fundamental positions in organizations and institutions such as management, financial recording, budgeting and control and also in business innovations. It is what every for-profit and non-profit organizations need because it deals with recording the progress of the organizations or institutions, analyzing figures and more importantly determining the future of a firm. This is achieved through analyzing and scrutinizing the current financial records and the previous years’ financial records. Accounting integrates various financial statements such as income statement, balance sheet and also the statement of owners’ equity (Lasser Tax Institute, 2010). This implies that there are various careers that are linked to accounting, and these are with inclusion of accounting clerk, accounting assistants, budget analyst, accounts payable clerk and chief financial officer (CFO). It also has careers such as staff accountant, Certified Internal Auditor and forensic accountants. Career Options Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Chief Financial Officer (CFO) is very important personnel in determination of the overall success of an organization. The officer is obliged to offering...
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...Financial markets and Institutions Shahin Farhood Strayer University Instructor: dr.Garold leonard 09/03/2012 Abstract I’m going to analyze the role of financial markets and the role of the markets in the U.S economy and talk about the various type of the securities and asses the current risk, some research about the financial markets and develop the strategies to manage the risks, some research about federal reserve and role of the company and its monetary policy to affect the securities, explain how monetary policy works in U.S and the other countries. Financial markets and Institutions With the opening of global markets financial institutions have been playing a key role in globalizations. From securities, stocks, investments, financial institutions have opened markets. For instance in Europe, financial and governmental agencies have established a currency, electronic foreign Exchange trading. The World Trade Organization, (WTO) has established markets that are constantly debating ethical issues. World-wide tragedies make financial institutions a key player in relief efforts, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and other natural and world-wide conflicts. The World Bank plays a major role in debt relief as well. There are many roles that financial institutions have on the global economy. Technology in Foreign exchange trading and Capitalism Possible: Changes over the Next Decade "The Internet, together with deregulation and globalization, has engendered a...
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...Q. 1. What were the major factors that led to the recent financial crisis? How did we get here? Answer: One of the primary factors that can be attributed as to have led the recent financial crisis is the financial deregulation allowing financial institutions a lot of freedom in the way they operated. The manifestation of this was seen in the form of: a) Financial innovations that were not backed up with adequate risk controls and management. b) Too much reliance on Quantitative Risk Management ultimately leading to mispricing of risk across different financial and non-financial investments that were the product of the financial innovations made feasible by financial deregulation. c) The influx of liquidity both original and fabricated that led to significant price appreciation particularly in the real estate sector creating real estate bubble. d) The ever increasing prices of assets allowed ever increasing capacity to borrow. e) The sub-prime mortgage market where it was allowed to originate loans of poor credit quality by one player and sell it to others in a mortgage pool. Hence creating an incentive problem where the one who originates poor quality credit did not bear the credit risk for it. f) All these led financial institutions to the fallacy of being “too big to fail”. g) The fallacy that every risk can be quantified and managed led financial institutions into the trap and they started to lend and finance in ways that were unique...
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...………………………………………………………………………….5 Significance of the Study …………………………………………………………………...5 Literature Review …………………………………………………………………………..6 Methodology …………………………………………………………………………………. Scope and Limitations ……………………………………………………………………...7 Chapter Outline …………………………………………………………………………….8 References…... DEFINITION What Is Microfinance? Microfinance, according to Otero (1999, p.8) is “the provision of financial services to low-income poor and very poor self-employed people”. These financial services according to Ledgerwood (1999) generally include savings and credit but can also include other financial services such as insurance and payment services. Schreiner and Colombet (2001, p.339) define microfinance as “the attempt to improve access to small deposits and small loans for poor households neglected by banks.” Therefore, microfinance involves the provision of financial services such as savings, loans and insurance to poor people living in both urban and rural settings who are unable to obtain such services from the formal financial sector. Microfinance encompasses the provision of financial services and the Management of small amounts of money through a range of products and a system of intermediary functions that are targeted at low income clients. “Microfinance refers to provision of small loans and other facilities like savings, insurance, transfer services to poor low-income...
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