...Horatian and Juvenalian Satire Satire has many definitions, but according to Merriam Webster satire can be defined as “A literary work holding up human vices and follies to ridicule or scorn” (Webster). This definition is likely used by many authors who exercise the application of satire. Satire has been in literature since ancient times; it is derived from the Latin satura, meaning "dish of mixed fruits," (Weisgerber). Many satirists have shared a common aim: to expose foolishness in all its guises — vanity, hypocrisy, formalism, reverence, and the intolerance toward those who hold different opinions from oneself (Moyers). As previously mentioned, the term satire was originally derived from satura, defined by Quintilian, a roman rhetorician (Clarke). It was later discovered that two Roman poets, Juvenal and Horace, were responsible for further defining satirical works by their literary tone (Moyers). Thus, creating a systematic way to categorize satire into two different types, Horatian satire which approaches satirical observations, literature and performance in a humorous and lighthearted manner, and Juvenalian satire, which focuses on specific verbal or literary attacks on corrupt ideals or individuals (Weisgerber). I view Horatian satire as clever and humorous and find that it generally mocks others. Horatian is not negative; it aims to make fun of human behavior in a comic way. In a work using Horatian satire, readers often laugh at the characters in the story who are...
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...illogical, which provokes attention. He appealed to ethics by creating something unethical, which is eating children. He appealed to emotions by making certain people angry with his crazy proposal. All of these appeals cause readers to take interest in his essay and helped them realize the issues in society. 4 Explain the irony in Swift’s title, "A Modest Proposal." This proposal was very extreme, by suggesting the eating of children to solve the problem; so calling it modest is very ironic. 5 Where does this essay fit on the continuum (Horatian to Juvenalian)? Explain/support your position. The essay is Juvenalian, because it was bitter, ironic, and humorous, which are all aspect of Juvenalian satire. 6 Why is "A Modest Proposal" an effective satire? What techniques does Swift use effectively? Support your answers with examples from the text. “A Modest Proposal” is an effective satire because Swift constantly ridicules the ideas that he is proposing through humor and irony. For example, when...
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...• Theme o Symbolism Fiction is any form of narrative which deals, in part or in whole, with events that are not factual, but rather, imaginary and invented by its author(s). In contrast to this isnon-fiction, which deals exclusively in factual events. Elements of Fiction • Plot o Exposition o Rising action o Conflict Man vs Man Man vs Society Man vs Himself Man vs Nature Man vs Fate, Supernatural, Technology o Climax o Falling Action o Resolution • Setting o Social context o Mood • Characterization o Direct o Indirect • Point of View o First person o Objective o Omniscient o Limited Omniscient • Theme • Literary Techniques o Irony Verbal Dramatic Situational o Mood o Satire Horatian • Named for the Roman satirist, Horace, this playfully criticizes some social vice through gentle, mild, and light-hearted humour. It directs...
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...In order to create a witty remark or clever joke, one requires two things; a somewhat humorous topic and a punch line. Without these two components, a joke will most likely be unsuccessful. One can increase the power and humor of the joke by adding other elements such as irony, sarcasm, etc.; a true comedian however does not always have to make the joke obvious. If one is a true jokester, the potency of the remark speaks for itself. Just as one-liners require certain components to be successful and vary with regards of genre, satire also requires mastery. Satire, in itself, is the use of literary devices and humor to cause amusement from the reader, while also hinting at a deeper message or meaning. There are two types of satire; Horational...
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...appeals to logic by asking why it is the public’s responsibility to take care of these needy families. Swift appeals to pathos and ethos through the diction he uses when describing the problem. He wants the situation to change but he wants it to change for every party. 4. Explain the irony in Swift’s title, "A Modest Proposal." The title is ironic because the proposal is anything but modest. Swift presets an outrageous solution to an ongoing problem. His proposal calls attention to this problem in an extremely eye-catching way. He seems very sincere, but at some point it is clear that he is being satirical. 5. Where does this essay fit on the continuum (Horatian to Juvenalian)? Explain/support your position. I believe that this essay is more Juvenalian (bitter). Swift sees the targets of his satire as harmful to society. He criticizes the Irish masses for not taking care of themselves. He also sheds some light on the...
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...Trey Parker, creator of South Park, uses mockery to show how people can overreact in the episode “Two Days before the Day after Tomorrow.” In this episode the town of South Park was running away in terror from global warming. As people were running away they were shouting “It’s coming” or “Its right behind us” (Parker). One person even fell down and thought global warming had caught up with him and was killing him. They were treating global warming like it was some kind of monster that was chasing them. Global warming is not something that people can see or run away from. It is something that gradually happens over the course of many years. This is a juvenalian form of satire, because it ridicules how easily people will panic about something that is not really there. South Park uses mockery to describe the way people can overreact about something that is not an immediate...
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...“Good satire comes from anger. It comes from a sense of injustice, that there are wrongs in the world that need to be fixed.” -Carl Hiaasen Many adolescents believe that the standards children are held to are unfair when compared to the standards adults are held to. This is their injustice. According to studystandard.com, when Samuel Clemens was asked to address youth in an instructive way he responded with the speech Advice to Youth (1882). This announcement was written in a Juvenalian satire format; the abrasiveness was directed towards the adult community in the format of six points. In an article by techdirt.com, studies show that satirical outlets are more effective in conveying arguments than other types of media. Clemens uses the...
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...faced. This satirical writing style continues to appear in the show and is prevalent in the video today. The video begins in a high school in America with one of the students being retweeted by the newly elected president Donald J. Trump. Afterwards the scene then cut to Trump in his first security briefing before the inauguration day. Then, the scene shifts to a couple in a rundown apartment where again Trump retweets the man’s tweets; however, the man appears to be supporter of no religion and violence. The video concludes by Trump retweeting an anarchist post on twitter and the arrival of trumps chief strategist, Steve Bannon, represented as death ("Classroom Cold Open - SNL."). Watching the video one automatically infers the Juvenalian nature of the satire due to the harness in the humor like the depiction of death. Though the use of parody and exaggeration, the producers of Saturday Night Live intend to criticizes the lack of ability of the new president elect. In order to convey the message of the video, producers used a combination of parody and hyperbole mixing in humor and mockery into the show. One of the most common types of humor found when mocking a public official like the president elect appears in the form of parody. Parody copies certain mannerisms and styles of different people and places with a comedic exaggeration. The video contains a large amount of parody, however, the most important one when looking at the message is Trumps use of retweets. One of his more...
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...ANIMAL FARM George Orwell Important Quotations Explained 1. “Four legs good, two legs bad.” This phrase, which occurs in Chapter III, constitutes Snowball’s condensation of the Seven Commandments of Animalism, which themselves serve as abridgments (abbreviations) of Old Major’s stirring speech on the need for animal unity in the face of human oppression. The phrase instances one of the novel’s many moments of propagandizing, which Orwell portrays as one example of how the elite class abuses language to control the lower classes. Although the slogan seems to help the animals achieve their goal at first, enabling them to clarify in their minds the principles that they support, it soon becomes a meaningless sound bleated by the sheep (“two legs baa-d”), serving no purpose other than to drown out dissenting opinion. By the end of the novel, as the propaganda needs of the leadership change, the pigs alter the chant to the similar-sounding but completely antithetical “Four legs good, two legs better.” 2. Beasts of England, beasts of Ireland, Beasts of every land and clime, Hearken to my joyful tiding Of the golden future time. These lines from Chapter I constitute the first verse of the song that Old Major hears in his dream and which he teaches to the rest of the animals during the fateful meeting in the barn. Like the communist anthem “Internationale,” on which it is based, “Beasts of England” stirs the emotions of the animals and fires their revolutionary idealism. As...
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