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Science 107

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Submitted By fatihpolat
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Atmosphere regulates temperature of earth surface.

Atm. with clouds reflect %30 of the solar ultraviolet (UV), reabsorbs 45% of infrared radiation (IR)

Composition of dry air: Nitrogen (N2-78), Oxygen (O2-20), Argon (Ar-0.93), Carbon dioxide (CO2-0.03), Others (0.01)

NITROGEN: Proteins contain N2, essential for plant and animal life.

OXYGEN: Essential in respiration (solunum), produce energy by reaction

• Ex) reaction of glucose with oxygen=produce energy for animal and plant. Burning of fossil fuel.

CARBON DIOXIDE: essential for photosynthesis. Absorbs IR emitted by the earth with water vapor. Not pollutant but also greenhouse gas.

1. AIR POLLUTION

: COx, SOx, NOx, HYDROCARBONS, O3, POISONOUS METAL COMPOUND, PM

CO: come from incomplete combustion, very colorless and poisonous gas

← EX)Organic matter+O2=CO2+H2O+energy (CO2 old. için complete combustion)

Organic matter+O2= CO2+H2O+CO+another organic matter+energy (CO old. için incomplete combustion)

SOx, NOx: Sulfur comes from coal; nitrogen comes from gasoline in the fossil fuel.

← They react with water in the atm. and form acid.

POISONOUS LEAD: Gasoline includes for better performance. Lead is cause mental disabilities in child and stays in the body.

OZONE: effective for damaging plastic and rubber also plant and animal tissue.

CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT FUELS TO AIR POLLUTION:

GAS FUELS: Least polluting. Natural gas is largely methane, the smallest hydrocarbon, it burns completely.

LIQUED FUELS:Co(from incomplete combustıon),NOx,Ozone,Lead

SOLUTIONS FOR LIQUID FUELS: make ideal engines, use catalytic converter

SOLID FUELS:wood and coal.

2. CATALYTICAL CONVERTER

The honeycomb structure means that the surface of catalyst exposed to exhaust gases is about the same as two football pitches.

← Reactions:- oxidations

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