...OF ONLINE PURCHASING IN LIBYA Abdulghader.A.Ahmed.Moftah1,Siti Norul Huda Sheikh Abdullah2,Hadya.S.Hawedi3 Center of Artificial Intelligence Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 1, 2 Center of System Science, Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Science ,Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia . 3 ABSTRACT : E-commerce is a successful business-based innovation via internet. This form of business transaction strategy offers many opportunities for growth in business and marketing services in various aspects. Online shopping is an intermediary mode between marketers or sellers to the end user or the consumers. Nature of online transaction in Libya is constrained by instability resulting from insecurity, unprotected transaction as well as trust. Online shopping could become predominant source of shopping method, if the barriers associated with insecurity, trust and customer’s protection are tackled. Owing to the significance of e-commerce towards Libyan economic growth, this paper highlights the limitations associated with e-commerce transaction in Libya and proposes relevant steps towards overcoming these constrains. Relevance of integrating e-commerce in Libyan economic system is discussed with. Keywords: E-commerce, online shopping, security, protection, trust . I.INTRODUCTION E-commerce encompasses buying and selling of products and services through electronic systems such as internet and other computer...
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...April 2011 Journal of Global Research in Computer Science RESEARCH PAPER Available Online at www.jgrcs.info A MULTI AGENT BASED E-SHOPPING SYSTEM Sougata Khatua*1, Zhang Yuheng 2, Arijit Das 3 and N.Ch.S.N. Iyengar 4 School of Computing Science and Engineering, VIT University, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, INDIA sougatakhatua@yahoo.com*1, yuer.zhang1987@gmail.com2, arijitdasmid@yahoo.com3and nchsniyengar48@gmail.com4 ------------------------------------------------- Abstract: Current e-shopping systems use the Internet as its primary medium for transactions. e-shopping has grown in popularity over the years, mainly because people find it convenient and easy to buy various items comfortably from their office or home. This paper has proposed a personalized e-shopping system, which makes use of agent technology to enhance the automation and efficiency of shopping process in Internet commerce. The agent technology is used to enhance the customer‟s needs which include availability, speedy response time, and efficiency. Agent for e-Shopping creates connectivity on an anytime-anywhereany-device-basis to provide the specific goods required by the consumers based on transaction cost optimization and scalability. The client agent connects with the controller agent which controls all the agent information. The controller agent sends the item information to the client agent and the client chooses items and puts in to the shopping cart. Finally the conclusion shows that the system performs...
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...It’s A Science! A Review of Why We Buy by Paco Underhill Abstract Paco Underhill set out to gather data to research the science of shopping and has detailed his findings in his book, Why We Buy. A self-proclaimed urban geographer and retail anthropologist, Underhill has compiled a database of shopping behavior patterns. He has spent countless hours tracking customers as they move through stores, observed shoppers’ browsing and purchasing behaviors, took notes on how long shoppers spent in a store, what they touched and bought, how much they spent, and so on. He founded a research company called Envirosell which consults with clients to help them improve their product sales. The following review of Underhill’s book entitled, Why We Buy, summarizes some of the key findings of his science of shopping, related literature and implications for the study of and future of marketing as a result of Underhill’s findings. Key Findings Paco Underhill breaks down the science of shopping into three separate topic areas. The first part of the book approaches how customers interact with both the physical space of the store and with other people. "It’s a law of nature – shoppers need a landing strip” (Underhill, 1999, p. 44). The landing strip that Underhill refers to is defined as a transition zone related to the physical layout of stores. Shoppers when they first enter a store enter into a transition zone where they have to adjust to their new surroundings. Moving from their...
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...Management Science II Dr. S.Bharadwaj MODULE 1 Products And Product Differentiation Agenda • Classification of products • Levels of a product • Product Differentiation • Product Life Cycle • Summary Classification of Products • How can products be classified? • On what bases? Classification of Products On the basis of nature of product • Goods Vs Services On the basis of type of consumer • Tangible Vs. Intangible • consumer Product Vs. Industrial (Business to Business Product) e.g. soap Vs. Printing Press On the basis of durability of goods • Durable Vs. Non-Durable • TV Set Vs. Toothpaste 1 Indian Institute of Technology Madras Management Science II Dr. S.Bharadwaj Shopping Habits Classification They can also be classified on the basis of shopping habits • Convenience goods, shopping goods, specialty goods and unsought goods • Let us have a look at these Convenience goods • Fairly Inexpensive Goods and services that consumers buy frequently, quickly, and with a minimum of effort • Further divided into staples, impulse goods and emergency goods Shopping Habits Classification • Staples: These include goods that consumers buy on a regular basis • Examples would be bread, rice, atta, toothpaste and so on • If you are a marketer of staples, what should you do? • Availability is important: hence distribution strength is a great advantage ...
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...and Social Science Vol. 2 No. 4 [Special Issue – February 2012] FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS E-COMMERCE PURCHASES THROUGH ONLINE SHOPPING Zuroni Md Jusoh Goh Hai Ling Centre of Excellent for Sustainable Consumption Research Department of Resource Management and Consumer Studies Faculty of Human Ecology Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia. Abstract Online shopping is the process of buying goods and services from merchants who sell on the internet. Shoppers can visit web stores from the comfort of their homes and shop as they sit in front of the computer. The main purpose of this study is to determine the factors influencing consumers’ attitude towards e-commerce purchases through online shopping. The study also investigate how socio-demographic (age, income and occupation), pattern of online buying (types of goods, e-commerce experience and hours use on internet) and purchase perception (product perception, customers’ service and consumers’ risk) affect consumers’ attitude towards online shopping. Convenience sampling method was conducted in this study and the sample comparison of 100 respondents in Taman Tawas Permai, Ipoh. Data were collected via self-administered questionnaire which contains 15 questions in Part A (respondents’ background and their pattern of using internet and online buying), 34 questions in Part B (attitude towards online purchase) and 36 questions in Part C (purchase perception towards online shopping). One-way...
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...people can enjoy. This vacation destination has beautiful nature reserves, fascinating historical sites, and shopping centers that will accommodate any tourists’ needs. From the cave exploration to the beautiful beaches, Ceres fulfills the needs of any outdoor enthusiast. A one stop shop for outdoor fun would be Matroosberg private nature reserve. Tourist can enjoy nature in its purest form by visiting Matroosberg Reserve; which covers over 1000ha of mountain area. The reserve also features a 4x4 trail, hiking trails, abseiling, fishing, quad biking, and team building. In addition, the area is also popular for its self-catering options and camping sites. In terms of history, the continent of Africa has a profound mark on the world. Ceres specifically has several different historical destinations; among the most popular tourist attraction is the Ceres Town Science Centre. Since the Ceres Town Science Centre first opened its doors in December 2011, the allure of the new building has been attracting tourist ever since. The science museum relates to the history of South Africa by chronically exhibiting the advancement of South Africa’s development and agriculture by emphasizing the incorporation of new scientific strategies. The Science Centre gives its visitors an inside look at the countries insightful position on science and technology. Ceres has an extensive list of shopping centers; among the best would be Ceres Quarter. Ceres Quarter offers modern as well as indigenous clothing...
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...E-mail:shm9166@sina.com Abstract The study of initial trust is very important to the development of e-commerce. On the basis of current status of China’s C2C e-commerce, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the factors affecting the consumers’ initial trust. At last, the paper provides some valuable marketing strategies as to how to build the initial trust so as to facilitate the success of online transactions. The research conducted by this paper will help enterprise enhance their competitive advantage and contribute to the development of e-commerce. Keywords: Initial Trust, C2C E-Commerce, Online Shopping 1. Introduction The study of the trust in the e-commerce environment has long been mostly focusing on the B2C Model, yet with the development of the information technology, the online C2C business has accounted for more than 75% of the online shopping turnover, which has influenced people’s work environment greatly and become an important part in the daily life of consumers in the information society. Under the C2C e-commerce environment characterized by the person-to-person transactions, it’s difficult for the buyer and seller to build a high degree of trust. Online transactions are different from the traditional ones. Consumers face more risks when making an online purchasing decision. Trust is an important factor under conditions of uncertainty and risk. Consumer’s belief that an e-vendor can be trusted plays a vital role in attracting and retaining...
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...Credit and security issues of online shopping Abstract In recent year, with the development of technology, online shopping has become more and more popular among people. Despite it has brough much convenience in daily life, there are also some issue generated with its development. This essay will propose the current issues of online shopping and explore some ways to solve the issues. Executive summary The increasing use of Internet has attracted attention from a number of people, especially in the field of online shopping. However, there are problems and questions raised by scholars as well as consumers on the effectiveness of Internet market and its disadvantages. As a consequence, online shopping has taken off as a platform where the transaction and purchase are proceeded by an increasing number of consumers. The purpose of the report is to discuss ethical issues of online shopping, which will mainly focus on exploring potential risks of online shopping. Introduction In the background of traditional shopping modes, consumers are normally passive recipients of information, and they are not available and accessible to dynamic information in the market. However, with the development of technology and science, it is necessary to combine the new technology with emerging market opportunities. The report will focus on adverse effects generated with the advent of internet shopping, such as privacy and security risks. At last there will be analysis about current issues, including...
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...things that attract you the most. From posters, human advertising, to the most innocent thing, the Barbie Doll, they are catching your eye and reeling you in and you’re unaware. Many businesses have learned the “Science” of how to arrange items so they may catch your attention. Paco Underhill, a retail anthropologist and an urban geographer, studies shopping behavior and has become valuable guides to store managers who look for the best ways to sell items. I am shocked to know that there are people who watch others for a living. As you approach a store look around and see if there is someone suspicious. Look around to see if you are being watched. Have you ever felt as if you were being watched? That is because they are watching you! Everything you are doing in the store is being observed. Strange is it? Yes but that is someone’s job. What you pick out and how you take in the item is all a part of their plan. Your choices matter in a study that you have no idea about. Your facial expression, happiness, and your disappointment makes a big deal also. The Credit Card Barbie is another marketing disguise. Barbie is, in a way advertising to younger age group. This is catching the eyes of your children and showing the fun and happy side spending money and shopping. The toy encourages irresponsible spending. Catching the eyes of elderly, adults, teenagers, and children and pursuing them to buy the item has become the main priority of store owners. They are finding more advanced...
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...Kodak M22 Instamatic – Old Video Cameras Technology has changed greatly over the years. Specifically video cameras, they have decreased in the products size but increased in the quality over time. When video cameras were introduced back in the 1970’s, they were using an old film format as compared to digital in today’s era. As these video cameras were being developed and launched into the market for the first time, it reflected the way retailers could examine buyer behaviour. Even back when the first sets of video cameras were released, retail stores were mounting them on the ceilings not only for security purposes, but to track consumers shopping habits. This helps these stores better understand how consumers are shopping so they can predict the next move. As the format back in the 70’s was film, retailers had to manually view the cameras to predict popular areas in the store, for example. This helped retailers effectively manage their stores as they would place the newest, popular products in areas that attracted the highest number of consumers. Another way video cameras have impacted buyer behaviour is through the product mix. By retailers using cameras to evaluate their retail stores, they are able to evaluate their product density (too high or too low); amount of signage and even the labelling within the store that could’ve been confusing. A retail stores product mix is important to upper management, as they want to ensure the best possible consumer experience. In order...
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...Research Journal of Management Sciences _____________________________________ Res. J. Management Sci. Vol. 1(1), 7-13, August (2012) Effect of Orgenised retail on Unorgenised retail in Indian retail market Gupta Himanshu1 Dubey Neetu2 and Patani Pawan3 2 1 Pioneer Institute of Professional Studies, Indore, INDIA Institute of Management and research, IPS Academy, Indore, INDIA 3 Pioneer Institute of Professional Studies, Indore, INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in Received 25th May 2012, revised 28th June 2012, accepted 30th June 2012 Abstract Retail is currently the flourishing sector of the Indian economy. This trend is expected to continue for at least the next twothree decades, and it is attracting huge attention from all entrepreneurs, business heads, investors as well as real estate owners and builders. Availability of quality, retail space, wider availability of products and brand communication are some of the factors that are driving the retail in India Retail sector is also supporting to create huge employment while a new form of organized retail sector has emerged within the retail industry and it gave speedy phase to Indian retail sector. The rationale of the study is twofold: First, to examine the nature of changes in the retail sector taking place due to organized form of retailing and implications of shift to this new form of retailing. Secondly, this area has remained largely an unexplored part of research till date especially in the Indian context...
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...Walmart E-Commerce Prepared by: Ahmed Abdel Moneim Kamal Walmart E-commerce Arab Academy for Science & Technology Ahmed Kamal Contents Introduction to Walmart ............................................................................................................................... 3 Criticism of Walmart ................................................................................................................................. 3 Walmart VS Amazon ..................................................................................................................................... 5 Wal-Mart.com become the dominant e-tailer in the world, replacing Amazon or vice versa ..................... 6 Shopping aids offered at walmart.com Compared to those at amazon.com ............................................... 7 Online services can be purchased at walmart.com ...................................................................................... 7 Buying a song from walmart.com versus buying it from Apple’s iTunes ...................................................... 8 Common features and unique features of online marketing in walmart.com, target.com, marksandspencer.com, and sears.com ........................................................................................................ 8 The options for international customers on the Wal-Mart Web site ........................................................... 9 References ..................................
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...IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS—PART A: SYSTEMS AND HUMANS, VOL. 30, NO. 4, JULY 2000 421 What Makes Consumers Buy from Internet? A Longitudinal Study of Online Shopping Moez Limayem, Mohamed Khalifa, and Anissa Frini Abstract—The objective of this study is to investigate the factors affecting online shopping. A model explaining the impact of different factors on online shopping intentions and behavior is developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The model is then tested empirically in a longitudinal study with two surveys. Data collected from 705 consumers indicate that subjective norms, attitude, and beliefs concerning the consequences of online shopping have significant effects on consumers’ intentions to buy online. Behavioral control and intentions significantly influenced online shopping behavior. The results also provide strong support for the positive effects of personal innovativeness on attitude and intentions to shop online. The implications of the findings for theory and practice are discussed. Index Terms—e-commerce, online shopping, TPB. I. INTRODUCTION HE use of the Internet as a shopping and purchasing medium has seen unprecedented growth. Most experts expect the global electronic market to dramatically impact commerce in the twenty first century. Jaffray [1] estimates the total volume of cybersales to reach $201 billion in 2001 and Forrester Research [2] predicts electronic commerce activities to reach $327 billion in 2002...
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...and objectives 2 3.1 Research Aims 2 3.2 Key research objectives 2 4. Literature review 2 4.1 Advantages of purchasing online 2 4. 2 The characteristics of online shoppers 3 4. 3 Factors of affecting online shopping 3 5. Methodology 5 5.1 Research design 5 5.2 Data sources defined 6 5.3 Data collection methods 7 5.4 Data analysis 7 6. A statement of possible outcomes 8 7. Ethical consideration 8 8. Risk assessment and risk management 9 9. Resource management 9 References 11 1. Project title An investigation into factors of affecting online shopping within China on college students 2. Research Context With the proliferation of using internet,the way of living and working has increasingly changed, such an environment enables people to gain information such as pictures, videos, news and knowledge as well as purchase goods through internet. So, The proportion of E-shopping has been consistently growing. Internet World States (2010) reports that China is the world’s largest Internet market. According to “China Internet network information center” (CNNIC) reported that in 2009 the number of Chinese online shoppers is108 million with 45.9% annual growth rate. At present the rate of online shopping has reached to 28.1% from 22.1% at the end of 2007. However, which group of people are the main customers to shop online and what factors drive these people to purchase on the internet? A survey did by Iresearch ( Iresearch is...
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...International Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology Vol.6, No.6 (2013), pp.187-194 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijunesst.2013.6.6.17 E-Commerce or Internet Marketing: A Business Review from Indian Context D. K. Gangeshwer Department of Mathematics, Bhilai Institute of Technology (BIT), Durg, (C.G), INDIA dgangeshwar@yahoo.co.in Abstract This paper deals the conceptual knowledge of search engine marketing (SEM) or ecommerce, literature review, current and future aspects of e-commerce in Indian context. This paper discussed about the top motivator factors of shopping online. The present development would be a valuable addition to researcher and academicians; and useful theory for practitioners, advertisers, and entrepreneurs. Keywords: SEM, Online Marketing or E-commerce, Pay-per-click (PPC) 1. Introduction Khan and Mahapatra (2009) remarked that technology plays a vital role in improving the quality of services provided by the business units. One of the technologies which really brought information revolution in the society is Internet Technology and is rightly regarded as the third wave of revolution after agricultural and industrial revolution. The cutting edge for business today is e-Commerce. The effects of e-commerce are already appearing in all areas of business, from customer service to new product design. It facilitates new types of information based business processes for reaching and interacting with customers like online advertising...
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