...CHAPTER 6 RANDOM VARIABLES PART 1 – Discrete and Continuous Random Variables OBJECTIVE(S): • Students will learn how to use a probability distribution to answer questions about possible values of a random variable. • Students will learn how to calculate the mean and standard deviation of a discrete random variable. • Students will learn how to interpret the mean and standard deviation of a random variable. Random Variable – Probability Distribution - Discrete Random Variable - The probabilities of a probability distribution must satisfy two requirements: a. b. Mean (expected value) of a discrete random variable [pic]= E(X) = = 1. In 2010, there were 1319 games played in the National Hockey League’s regular season. Imagine selecting one of these games at random and then randomly selecting one of the two teams that played in the game. Define the random variable X = number of goals scored by a randomly selected team in a randomly selected game. The table below gives the probability distribution of X: Goals: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Probability: 0.061 0.154 0.228 0.229 0.173 0.094 0.041 0.015 0.004 0.001 a. Show that the probability distribution for X is legitimate. b. Make a histogram of the probability distribution. Describe what you see. 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 ...
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...APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER A I D E D INSTRUCTION By C. Hendrickson, 1 A. M. ASCE, A. Pasquale, 2 W. Robinson, 3 and M. Rossi-Velasco 4 i ABSTRACT: Computer aided instruction (CAI) offers numerous advantages for education and training when properly designed and implemented. Recent computer developments in hardware and software enhance the effectiveness and reduce the cost of CAI. We review recent developments, using CAI programs designed and developed by the writers as examples. Experience with the use of CAI in a large general contracting and construction management firm is also reported. Our survey concludes that CAI can now be widely adopted for training and education supplements in civil engineering. INTRODUCTION In the past few decades, n u m e r o u s enthusiasts have predicted a revolution in education through the adoption of computer aided instruction (CAI). While the CAI revolution m a y still b e distant, some n e w developments make CAI a practical and extremely beneficial supplement for education a n d on-the-job training in civil engineering. For example: • Construction executives use a microcomputer-based business game to develop and test m a n a g e m e n t strategies as part of Stanford University's continuing education program (2). Each student is challenged to create a profitable contracting firm in the game, b u t the real payoff comes from n e w insights into techniques a n d strategies. • Employees at Mellon-Stuart Company, a large general contracting...
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...Nail It Then Scale It: Summary. The Nail It Then Scale It process is a systematic way to add value to, and organize an individual’s experience with innovation and entrepreneurship. The authors have identified the fallacies associated with the traditional entrepreneurship process which leads entrepreneurs down a dangerous path of trusting their assumptions without validating. The Nail It Then Scale It Process challenges this archaic, risky model. Each step of the process dares the innovator to “get out of the building,” to test assumptions and validate the value of these assumptions. Furr and Ahlstrom designed this process through analyzing the innovative pursuits of successful entrepreneurial individuals, and by observing the habits employed by these entrepreneurs. Nail It Then Scale It leads hopeful entrepreneurs through a 5 part process of nailing a pain, nailing a solution, nailing a go to market strategy, nailing a business model, and ultimately scaling successfully. The old, traditional entrepreneurial model The Nail It Then Scale It entrepreneurial model Nail the Customer Pain Nailing the pain is the initial step which works on validating “good ideas” through letting potential customers, field experts, and experiments determine whether people actually are looking to have their “pains” solved. Products are too often conceived as solutions Nail It Then Scale It: Summary. to pains that don’t actual affect more than the individual who has created the solution. To...
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