...1.A) Sensitive periods are specific, limited time when the child shows a strong attraction to a particular activity. The activity child is drawn to aid the child in his/her physical, mental and emotional development. Sensitive periods can be long, short, some overlap or run parallel. When a child is gaining new skills or knowledge during a sensitive period, he/she does so with great ease and with deep concentration. * The first one is the period of Sensory awareness. It originates at birth and continues until the young one reaches the age of 4. During this time the child needs to fully implement all the senses in order to expand them as much as possible. * The second sensitive period which focuses on Language development does not start until the age of three months. The child is in this phase until he/she reaches almost 6 years of age. In this time the little one distinguishes the sound of a human voice and is able to identify the person’s mouth moving. During this stage the child imitates certain sounds, especially the ones that people make. This shows the ability that the small being has to be able to discriminate and mimic the noise that other individuals make. * The third sensitive period focuses on Order. It appears from the age of one and subsides at the age of three. In this time the child expresses the need for stability as this is the organizational phase. The little one is concentrating on forming patterns and foundations for understanding the world around...
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...essay is to define the term sensitive periods, and explain how the teacher’s knowledge and understanding of these periods determines his/her preparation and custodianship of prepared environment. Maria Montessori describes sensitive periods as transitory periods that “correspond to special sensibilities to be found in creatures in process of development and are confined to the acquisition of a determined characteristic.”(Montessori, Secrete of childhood, p.36). After the acquisition of a certain characteristic this special sensitivity or impulse disappears. One could describe sensitive periods analogous to a window that opens and closes. During a sensitive period, when the window is open, the child is drawn to determined activities and performs them repeatedly with pleasure until it has acquired certain skills and abilities. However if the characteristic has not been formed before the sensitive period ends, i.e. the window closes, which could occur because of disturbances during the process of learning or lack of stimulation in deprived environments, the child’s psychic life will be disturbed. This will be discussed in more detail later on. Montessori observed six main sensitive periods; a period for sensitivity to order; a period for the refinement of the senses; a period of sensitivity to language; sensitivity for walking and movement; sensitivity for small objects; sensitivity to the social aspects of life (Montessori, 1936). Sensitive periods can overlap or be continuous...
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...efine the term sensitive periods and link them appropriately to the child’s first stage of development. Explain how you would support these sensitive periods during this first crucial stage. In this essay I will define the term sensitive periods linking it with stage of development, I will also outline the importance of these periods , the consequences of not recognising it, and finally how we can support children in this crucial time. "A sensitive periods refers to a special sensibility which a creature in its infantile state, while it is still in a process of evolution". ( Montessori, 1966, p38) Maria Montessori believed that during first few years of life its very easy for a child to learn without an effort that later on will be more difficult such as language. She observed that there is an inner passion and urge to absorbed everything from their environment. Sensitive periods are characterized by behaviours such as an activity being irresistible for a child once he/ she starts it. Once the sensitive period is over, the sensibility disappears because the brain has progressed to a time when specific information is absorbed. In each period children are especially sensitive to a specific characteristic in his/her environment. They have this "inner power horme" (Montessori, 1966) which enables them to choose and explore necessary objects and relationships from their environment, for their intellectual growth. All of those periods are very specific and unique for a child development...
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...Following years of intense observations of child behaviour, Maria Montessori (1870-1952) developed a deep understanding of childhood development during the formative years. This essay will look at Montessori’s philosophy on a child’s development during this influential time and what the specific needs of a child are in relation to these periods. The essay will discuss Montessori’s stages of growth and my understanding of the role key individuals and the environment play in a child’s optimum development. Montessori identified three main periods of growth or planes of development, quite distinct from one-another and interestingly corresponding with the phases of physical growth - with the first and last characterised by great change and the second being much calmer (Montessori, 2007a). These successive developmental stages or “series of rebirths” (Montessori, 2007a, p18) are infancy (from birth to six years), childhood (six to twelve years) and adolescence (twelve to eighteen years). The first plane of development has two sub phases; the spiritual embryo (from birth until three years) and the social embryo (three years to six years). During this first stage, the child’s mentality is unique from the following planes of development; the mind is open and highly absorbent of all and any information and environmental occurrence and nuance. According to Montessori, during the spiritual embryonic phases, the child’s mind cannot be influenced upon or subjected to direct adult influence...
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...not been copied from another student(s) past or present at this or any other educational institution, or from any other source such as the internet. Name: Date: 22/11/13 Please write the essay title in FULL below: |Define the term Sensitive Periods and link them appropriately to the child’s first stage of development. | | | |Explain how you would support these sensitive periods during this first crucial stage. | | | |Briefly outline the stages of growth (planes of growth). | | | |Define the term sensitive periods and give full details of the six main...
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...impact Sensitive Mothering (Ainsworth in Smith, Cowie & Blades, 2003) has on child development, and its relevance in building a positive connection between mother and child. I will examine Bowlby’s attachment theory (Bowlby, 1988), Ainsworth’s research, Erikson’s psychological stages of personality development (Erikson in Stevens, 1983) and other relevant research to understand the role of sensitive mothering in developing essential emotional and social skills of three to five year olds and adults. Sensitive mothering (Ainsworth in Smith, Cowie & Blades, 2003) refers to the quality of the interactions between a mother/primary carer and a child. A sensitive mother is very connected and responsive to her baby’s signals, interpreting them correctly (Ainsworth in Smith, Cowie & Blades, 2003). Her show an emotional and physical availability for the child, positive communication, cooperation and stimulation of the child (Macleod-Brudenell & Kay, 2008). Insensitive mothering (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989) on the other hand, is characterized by the mother’s tendency to control the baby’s environment (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989). The insensitive mother is self-centred and sees the ways of the baby from her own perspective (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989). She interprets the child’s signals according to her own wishes, defenses or doesn’t respond to them at all (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989). (Ainsworth in Sylva & Lunt, 1989) found that Children who undergo sensitive mothering...
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...Childs growth and development (personal effort and engagement) I psychic -physical factors. Childhood - conquest to conquest in a constant rhythm constituting joy and happiness. Sensitive period for the co-ordination of movement sees the mind and body working in harmony Three stages of learning- (connecting)- Three stage process which fills out early basis skills with knowledge and understanding • Child’s new powers of concentration (support the first stage) • Repetition and striving for control (help drive the second stage)-- Characteristics of the sensitive period of Co-ordination • Purposeful activity (Guided by Will and becomes the basis for third stage) Sensitive periods can be blocked/hindered • if the child is not given freedom of choice and movement; or • if his spontaneous activities are determinedly distracted or blocked; or • she is admonished for her repetitive behavior, Preventing the child from manifesting the activity prescribed by the sensitive period is also likely to have negative impacts on the child’s psychic development resulting in • being powerless • frustrated and unable to work. • feelings of anxiety may overwhelm Child’s interest and determination causing Child’s energy, natural love and joy to be wasted • Child will fail to realize his Will. Child cannot externalize the fruit of his intelligence. • Child suffers disturbance, wrapping of a being, a spiritual martyrdom- whose scars are borne unconsciously by most...
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...As human beings, we cannot live alone. Since we born, we are part of various groups in our society, such as family, neighbourhood, town, city and nation. Within those groups, we need to take part in socialisation, as we all are social beings. Therefore, it is necessary to have the skills for us to behave appropriately. To obtain these skills, positive self-esteem and self-image are required. Young children need to be loved and cared for as well as feeling safe and valued in order to have a healthy emotional development. This early emotional development involves developing relationships with others, which build the foundation for young children to develop their ability. Instead of feeling anxious about the possibility of being abandoned, children feel secured enable them to start exploring their environment and becoming independent. The very first relationship is usually built between a baby and a primary caregiver, usually the mother or mother substitute. This relationship is of particular significance as it develops the attachment, which is vital as the foundation of developing subsequent relationship (MCI, undated). "The propensity to make strong emotional bonds to particular individuals [is] a basic component of human nature" (Bowlby, 1988, p3) Attachment is described as “an enduring bond” (MCI, undated) and further elaborated by the attachment theorist, John Bowlby. He famously stated “what is believed to be essential for mental health is that an infant and young child...
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...privation is that it could lead to affectionless psychopathy, delinquency and low IQ, as suggested by Bowlby (1946). Bowlby conducted an experiment where he interviewed 44 juvenile thieves, asking them about themselves, their behaviour and childhood experiences. The results showed 14 of the individuals as showing signs of being an affectionless psychopath, of which 12 had been separated from their mothers for a long period of time during the first 2 years of their life. Bowlby concluded from this that delinquency is linked to childhood maternal deprivation, as the delinquents were more likely than the average population to have been deprived in their childhood. However, Schaffer and Emerson found that children develop more than one strong attachment, which contradicts the suggestion that an absent mother is the cause of delinquency. As well as this, Rutter argued that the there is no simple cause and effect relationship between delinquency and maternal deprivation. He suggested that there were other important variable that need to be considered, like the reason of separation from the mother and how the separation was handled. Another criticism is that Hodges and Tizard’s research would support the idea of a sensitive period, rather than a critical period, as they found that children adopted as late as 7 years old, could establish a strong affectionate relationship. Another suggested consequence is that it can lead to quasi-autistic behaviour, as proposed by Rutter’s study of Romanian...
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...explorer in early childhood education in the 20th century discovered a world within the child. Her observations of the child, at Casa dei Bambini - the first Montessori Classroom - led her to discover the secrets of childhood. And the framework of Montessori Philosophy is based on three important discoveries; Tendencies, Absorbent Mind and Sensitive Periods. As Dr. Montessori said, the child has his own potential for life to develop. It is important for the adult to understand and allow the child build himself by his own experiences without the adult trying to fill their knowledge onto the child. Every child posses a pre-determined pattern of psychic unfold, which is not visible at birth but it is revealed when the child is exposed to the environment with freedom. When these two factors are provided, child’s psychic life will reach its potential and build his personality for his survival in the society. From birth and throughout the childhood, a child’s Absorbent Mind allows him to absorb impressions from his surrounding environment and directly store it into his psychic life. As an infant these impressions are absorbed unconsciously but gradually when the child has a conscious mind, he absorb impressions consciously and make language connections. There are blocks of time in early years of child’s life which he absorbs certain characteristics of his environment to the exclusion of all others. This is called Sensitive Periods. A child possess sensitive periods for order, to...
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...Child Development: Early Childhood Shaniela Jarrett DEP2004 Child Development: Early Childhood From the immediate beginning of every human beings life they develop in one way or another. The beginning of a human beings development and all its aspects starts with infancy and progresses for the duration of one’s life span. Toddlers and young children are thought to be influenced by their everyday surroundings. An adolescent’s cognitive and social aspects of development are formed and shaped from an early age, along with their perception, language, motor skills, and speech. A young adolescent’s lifecycle is heavy influenced by the involvement of their parents and family members, this is crucial to a young child’s life. Once an adolescent becomes of age to attend school, they will also start to adjust to the atmosphere of the school they are attending as well as the instructive setting in the school; this will also play a role in an adolescent’s cognitive development and social skills. The body’s growth in the first couple years of early childhood stage with attenuate into a slower growth pattern. A child adds approximately 2 to 3 inches in stature and around 5 pounds in weight each year, girls will be slightly smaller than boys. From Infancy to Early childhood, one with experience skeletal growth, between the ages of 2 and 6 will grow approximately 45 new pineal, where cartilage will strengthen forming various parts of the skeletons. Children start losing their primary tooth...
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...Describe key processes in infant brain development and how these processes affect learning. • Describe the types of attachment infants have to their caregivers. • Explain how attachment and emotion regulation are related. 9.1 What Shapes Us During Childhood? Biological and social forces combine to shape the path of human development. – developmental psychology: the study of changes, over the life span, in physiology, cognition, emotion, and social behavior Physically, each human grows and matures at about the same periods in the life span: 9.1 What Shapes Us During Childhood? Biological and social forces combine to shape the path of human development. – developmental psychology: the study of changes, over the life span, in physiology, cognition, emotion, and social behavior Physically, each human grows and matures at about the same periods in the life span: 9.1 What Shapes Us During Childhood? Biological and social forces combine to shape the path of human development. – developmental psychology: the study of changes, over the life span, in physiology, cognition, emotion, and social behavior Physically, each human grows and matures at about the same periods in the life span: 9.1 What Shapes Us During Childhood? Biological and social forces combine to...
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...another student(s) past or present at this or any other educational institution, or from any other source such as the internet. Name: Date: 14th March 2014 Please type the assignment title below: |Sensitive mothering is essential to the social and emotional development of the child. Discuss this statement in the context of relevant developmental theory. | In this essay I am going to explain the concept of ‘sensitive mothering’ and how it is essential to the social and emotional development of each child. I will discuss this statement in the context of relevant developmental theory. I will discuss the concepts of ‘attachment theory’ encompassing ‘internal working model’ (Bowlbey, cited in Smith, Cowie, Blades, 2003, p98) and quality attachment of John Bowlby. I will also link this explanation to the studies of Mary Ainsworth. ‘Sensitive Mothering’ is defined by Ainsworth (1969) as the style of interaction between the primary caregiver, normally the mother or mother figure, and the baby. Sensitive mothering is when someone is consistently responsive both physically and emotionally to her child. This responsiveness provides the child with a ‘secure base’ (Ainsworth, 1969) thus encouraging them to explore the world. (MCI Module, undated). It involves being sensitive to the needs of the...
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...Hello everyone and welcome to the future mothers In early childhood development, there are two important periods of development namely critical periods and sensitive periods of development. According to our textbook a sensitive period of development is a time that is optimal for certain type of development to occur (Berger, 2011, pp. 8).At this stage, a child develops a lot in terms of language, social skills, and emotional control. For example, in infancy is where children first learn they can trust their mother to take care of their needs, give them love and keep them safe, but if they grow up in abusive environment children will have a difficult time getting these skills (Oswalt,2017). Critical period on the other hand, is a time in which a child's development must be triggered to ensure normal development. For example, an embryo between 28-54 days after conception grows its arms, legs, hands, feet, fingers and toes after that it’s too late (Berger, 2011, pp. 8)....
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...Life span Development paper LiveDream Susan Cohen PSY/375 06/22/15 Introduction The development of Infancy and Early Childhood is a combination of biological, psychological and emotional changes that are developed in an individual between the time of birth and to the end of adolescence. During this span of birth and early childhood the most critical stages of development are at work laying down the foundation that will affect the learning skills and social, cognitive and emotional development. Aspects that surround an individual during this very important time will either nurture or hinder their progress of development. The aspects that are detrimental to infancy and early childhood development are the environment of one’s family, cognitive development through early childhood education and parenting styles. Families Affect The Development of Infants And Young Children. “Families are the first to teach infants and young children, which fosters development during infancy and early childhood. Early relationships help infants develop a working model, a set of assumptions that become a frame of reference for later life” (Berger, 2011, p. 189). During infancy and early childhood the effects of the family environment is the most influential part of an individual’s development. The culture and environment of the family bring the infant experiences that that either nurture or set back their development. An infant that lives in an environment where he or she receives expectations...
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