...Sergei Diaghilev was born March 31, 1892. Diaghilev spent majority of his youth in Perm. Unlike many men during this time who were dedicated to the Tsar and the army, Diaghilev was dedicated to the world of beauty and figuring out ways to show such beauty. As a law student, he went to St. Petersburg, Russia and became co-founder of the art magazine, Mir Iskusstva (The World of Art), in 1899. In the years of 1897-1906, he incorporated European and Russian contemporary art into his exhibitions and reawakened eighteenth Russian art to the community .The same year he was selected to be the artistic consultant of the Maryinsky Theatre. He retired from this post in 1901 and when the magazine ceased publishing in 1904, he focused on organizing galleries of Russian art in St. Petersburg and Paris. In 1908, he took a production of "Boris Godunov" to Paris, with renowned singer, Feodor Chaliapin. In 1909, Diaghilev took with him to Paris a season of opera and ballet, and with the greatest dancers of the Maryinsky behind him, he had a great victory. Constant visits helped him form his own company, Ballet Russes, in 1911. This company was not connected to any opera, it was a lone company. Diaghilev directed this company until his death on August 19, 1929. The company never performed in Russia. Diaghilev didn’t have the money to keep his project up in Paris. By the time he finished his first season in Paris, he was doing this during the dancers yearly time off. Diaghilev worked with many...
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...Dear Pen Pal, How are you doing today? My name is Cole Faierstain and I am here to tell you about the reasons behind my interest in dance appreciation. At first when it was time to pick all of my classes I was looking for a class that fit my schedule and was flexible. One of my good friends told me there was this class that was interesting and a good class for what I was looking for. She said that Dance Appreciation was a class that was flexible enough and interesting enough for me to take along with my heavy course load. Therefore I decided that this class was going to be very important for my studies this year. Some of my friends decided to take the class as well this semester so it makes this class interesting because I have a lot of people to talk about the information about. My mother and my sister are avid dancers and they have been dancing for their whole lives. When I was younger I always had gone to all of their dancing comeptitions and performances and I loved the way everyone competed, looked, and acted out on the dancing floor. My sister was very good at ballet which got me very curious when learning about ballet in this class. In middle school I had a dance unit in physical education which broadened my horizon of the dance world. We learned all these types of dancing such as the two step, ballet, hip-hop, and some barn dances. All of these dances were really great to learn about and interesting to actually do with other people. I also participated in a group...
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...However, at the age of ten, I entered the Imperial Ballet School, where I learned the precise and athletic Russian dancing style of ballet. In 1921 I entered the St. Petersburg Conservatory of Music to study piano while I continued to work in ballet at the State Academy of Opera and Ballet. From there I used a group of dancers from the school to present my earliest choreographed works. One of the students was Tamara Gevergeyeva, she was a doll, I later married Tamara in 1922. She was the first of four wives I had, all of whom were dancers. My big break came when the manager of the Ballets Russes, Sergei Diaghilev, discovered me in 1925, in Paris, France. At the age of 21, I became the main choreographer of the most famous ballet company in the world. I worked on ten ballets for Diaghilev, and it was Diaghilev who actually changed the my name to Balanchine. When Diaghilev died and the company broke up in 1929, I moved from one company to another until I formed my own company, Les Ballets in 1933. In that same year, after a Les Ballets performance, I met Lincoln Kirstein, a young, rich American, who invited me to head a new School of American Ballet in New York City. With the School of American Ballet and later with the New York City Ballet, I had established myself as one of the world's leading classical choreographers. I brought standards of excellence and quality performance to the American ballet culture. I had a school, a company, and a permanent theater. I also had...
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...Ballet has entertained and enchanted audiences for over 400 years. Within these centuries of grace and elegance, ballet has branched out into several techniques and styles. Along the way, George Balanchine, accredited for “developing the neo-classical style distinct to the 20th century,” has placed a significant mark on the face of ballet (George). Even after his death in the late 20th century, his disciples, such as Suki Schorer, have preserved and continued disseminating his work. Schorer’s ongoing instruction of his technique at the School of American Ballet, and her book, Suki Schorer on Balanchine Technique, have kept the works and teaching methods of Balanchine alive. Being a great performer does not necessarily equate to being a great teacher. In fact, some of the best dance teachers are those who were at the bottom of their class and rose to the top or those who developed a keen eye and understanding of dance by taking and applying corrections. Generally, a teacher needs to be able to explain concepts in a multitude of ways in order to mold the artistry and technique of their students. In addition to these qualities, the teacher also needs to maintain a focused, yet wide ranged view of a large class and still be able to give out corrections in a timely manner. In the case of Suki Schorer, before Balanchine invited her to become a teacher or a company member, she was dancing professionally for the San Francisco Ballet at the age of fifteen. Interestingly, her director...
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...Igor Stravinskiy The Great Ballets Firebird, Petrushka, Rite of Spring, Apollo. Igor Stravinskiy is a great composer and his career was notable for its stylistic diversity. He first became very famous with three ballets commissioned by Sergey Diaghilev: The Firebird (1910), Petrushka (1911) and the Rite of Spring (1913). They were first performed in Paris by Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes and significantly transformed the way composers thought about rhythmic structure. One more wonderful ballet was composed a bit later between 1927 and 1928 and it is famous as Apollo (Apollon Musagete). In Russia everyone has heard about great ballet Firebird by Stravinskiy at least once. The music of this composition is bright and colorful and you don’t even need to see the ballet to immerse yourself in this fairy tale. When you start listening to the music full of orchestral effects and strong emotions, you only need to close your eyes and the world of imagination will give you great possibilities. Nightfall and “creeping” sound draws garden of Kashey, his dark kingdom. Afterwards, Dance of the Firebird starts and we can feel how fantastically beautiful she is. Varying colorful orchestration helps us to draw the picture of this shining bird and her greatness. We hear her fiery wings flapping and see the grace in every movement. She is gorgeous, fantastic and it is impossible to stop looking at this miracle. Listener feels the typical spirit of Russia through this wonderful composition...
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...The contemporary ballet Petrouchka, was originally composed in 1910. The ballet tells the story of the loves and jealousies of three puppets. The three puppets are brought to life by The Charlatan during St. Petersburg's 1830 Shrovetide Fair and begin to develop emotions. Petruchka a traditional Russian puppet, made of straw and with a bag of sawdust as his body is in love with the Ballerina. The Ballerina rejects Petrouchka and begins to fall for the Moor. Hurt and angry from the rejection of the Ballerina, Petrouchka challenges the Moor to a duel. Petrouchka attacks the Moor, but quickly realizes he is too small and weak. Consequently, Petrouchka runs away with the Moor chasing him from behind. The Moor, soon after kills Petrouchka with a blow of his scimitar. Petrushkas ghost rises above the puppet theatre as night falls. He shakes his fist at The Charlatan, and then collapses in a second death. The original choreographer Michael Fokine deliberately differs the Moor and Petrouchka’s choreography. The movements of the self satisfied Moor, an extrovert, are large and turned out. While the movement of the pathetic, frightened Petrouchka, an introvert, are small and turned in. Fokine had three geometric visions for the posture and the manner in which the puppets moved. The moor is a square, the Ballerina a circle, and Petrouchka a straight line. Petrouchka is often said to depict the tensions of Russia, pre Russian Revolution. The ballet depicts the bitterness between those...
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...Many Russian immigrants reached artistic achievement in ballet and modern dance. In 1948, George Balanchivadze (known as George Balanchine in the United States), founded the New York City Ballet. He choreographed eighteen Broadway shows and many Hollywood films. He felt he had been given a new opportunity to experiment with ballet and dance. The Ginger Rogers and Fred Astaire dance movies inspired Balanchine. He had a vision of creating a new American tradition of dancing. He “Americanized” ballet in the United States (Hirschman, 2013). Balanchine was drawn to America for the opportunities to create new cultural forms. Several other award-winning choreographers were children of Russian immigrants. Michael Kidd, Helen Tamiris, and Jerome Robbins received one-third of the Tony awards from 1947 through 1973. Kidd’s notables were Guys and Dolls, Finian’s Rainbow and the film Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. Robbins created the infamous gang fight scenes in West Side Story. He received several lifetime achievement awards and five Tony Awards (Hirschman, 2013). Helen Tamiris was one of the first choreographers to incorporate African American Spirituals, jazz and social-protest themes into her dances. She choreographed many musicals on Broadway and in the movies. One of her most notable choreographed plays was Annie Get your Gun. She formed the Tamiris-Nagrin Dance Company with her husband Daniel Nagrin (Britannica, 2017). The United States accepted several defectors of the Russian...
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...Subject: Organizational Management, Task2 A. Develop an action plan: 1. Analyze the financial and leadership strengths and weaknesses of the Utah Symphony before the merger. Utah Symphony had a great deal of financial talent, but has been unable to find a strong source for future success. The potential merger builds on these strengths and weaknesses by creating a better future for both companies. Strength points: Symphony became one of the first orchestras from the western united stated to tour internationally. Unlike artists who worked for the opera, musicians employed by the USO received a full year contract and earned a full time salary. They had well management and financial that they were able to go to several cities and have hundreds concerts A weaking of the economy, the bursting of the of the internet bubble and subsequent collapse of the stock market, and the tragic of September 11,2001 had led to a decline in public ( ticket sales and individual ,corporate and foundation pledges) support for the arts The Utah Symphony has its home in Abravanel Hall, which is acclaimed as one of the world's great concert halls - having won awards for both its architecture and its extraordinary acoustics. In addition to performing more than 70 subscription concerts in Abravanel Hall, the Symphony regularly travels around the Intermountain West serving communities in Utah, Wyoming, Nevada and Idaho. Funding from the Utah State Legislature makes it possible for the Symphony...
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...Running head: MODULE 2 HOMEWORK Module 2 Homework Author Note This paper was prepared for Introduction to Film History, Module 2 Homework taught by Directions: Using word processing software to save and submit your work, please answer the following short answer questions. All responses to questions should be one to two paragraphs, composed of five to seven sentences, in length. Your responses should include examples from the reading assignments. 1. Perhaps the most important artistic trend of the early twentieth century was labeled modernism. Summarize some of the principal tenets of modernism, and specify how these ideas influenced the development of the French Impressionism (or German Expressionist [Ch. 5] or Soviet Montage [Ch. 6]) movement in film. It signaled a major shift in cultural attitudes that arose largely as a response to modern life, the late phases of the industrial revolution, especially the new modes of transportation and communication that were swiftly transforming people’s lives. Telephones, automobiles, and airplanes were considered great advances, yet they also seemed threatening, especially in their capacity to be used in warfare. 2. What created the problems confronting French film production between 1918 and 1928? Identify the three primary factors as identified in the text, and summarize the effects of each of these causes. One of the problems that was getting in the way of French film production...
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...Lockhart explained his reaction to the idea: My initial knee-jerk reaction when Parker first proposed the merger was negative. Change is a pariah in this business. People, including me , tend to cling to existing models. I eventually realized that my main reason for believing it [the merger] was a bad idea was because it was different. I also realized at the time that if I had said no to the idea, the merger would not have gone forward. Parker made it abundantly clear to me that his and the executive committee’s first priority was to retain me. With that in mind, I agreed that we should explore the idea in earnest. Although both Parker and Peterson were committed to the idea of the merger, they were not completely without their reservatio ns. As Peterson explained: “There was no precedent for a merger between a major symphony and an opera working. The Utah Symphony was by far the leading orchestra in the eight Rocky Mountain states and among the 20 leading orchestras in the country. Utah Opera, on the other hand, was a good region al opera company, but it had not yet reached the status of the symphony.” In early 2001, Parker and Peterson met with Ewers; William Bailey , chairman of the board at the opera; and Herb Livsey, the incoming chair and board member at the opera, to discuss the possibility of a merger. Bailey described his initial response to the merger idea: One concern expressed by opera trustees was th e financial strength of...
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...To what extent did the policies of Sergei Witte address the problems facing Russia at the end of the nineteenth century? Russia faced many problems at the end of the nineteenth century. Under Minister of Finance Ivan Vyshnegradskii there had been famine because of high taxes on consumer goods which had forced peasants to sell more and more grain. The government were slow to act and, although they eventually enforced a ban on grain exports, 350,000 died of starvation or disease. Economically and industrially Russia was also falling far behind many other Western countries at the time, like Britain and Germany. When Count Witte became Minister of Finance in 1893, there was desperate need to decrease inflation, improve infrastructure and encourage foreign investment. This essay will discuss how successful he was at introducing policies that addressed these problems. A great success for Witte was the expansion of heavy industry in Russia. He linked industrial growth with a stronger nation politically and economically, and was inspired by the more developed nations in the west. He invited foreign experts from more industrialised countries like Britain, France and Germany to Russia to advise him on modernisation. He realised that he would have to have policies that would allow individual business people to start factories and encourage metalwork. His policies were successful, because industrial growth increased on average by 8% a year between 1890 and 1899, which was the highest...
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...Natalie Kartvelishvili Professor Hill DED 51 8 October 2015 Music is my friend, my doctor and love of my life. There are countless amount of people with headphones listening to music and simultaneously blocking out the outside world around them. Today stress is taking a huge toll on a person’s everyday life. We need some kind of escape and here is the music. It helps me to relax, to enjoy the life and make every moment better. I think that music has some biological connection with our body when we listening it. It has a great power. “Whithout music life would be a mistake.”- sad Friedrich Nietzsche. I tottaly agree. I can’t even imagine how the world would look like if there was no music. You can see many genres and artists in my playlist. Some of them gives me the strength, some gives me hope, some of them makes me to accept life as it is. Music is important part of life. It is a form of expression. It has no boundaries and it follows no guidelines. Essentially, to me, music is like air. It has no true shape or definiton, yet we need it to live. Imagine a world without music. All you’re left with is dust. Music is life istelf. As I mentioned, Music is one of the few things, that can help you escape your reality. No mater how bad things are, music has the potential to make you forget all about it. Music can spark any emotion. It can hold memories. It can tell stories. It will always be there. It will never vanish. You...
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...Three Songs of the Lenin Three Songs of Lenin is a documentary film made in 1934. The director of the film is Dziga Vertov. The film incorporates real images of Lenin and shows his real life in 1934. The songs sung for Lenin in this film include topics such as a woman who has just freed herself from the veil, which was like a prison to her, a village which has just gotten electricity, water which has made the desert green, people who have freed themselves from ignorance and have learnt how to read and other things which include traces of Lenin’s legacy. These songs are basically about the October Revolution, revolution in general and Lenin’s ideas which live on. The documentary is made up of three songs, which make up its three parts. It is a documentary completely dedicated to Lenin. Every shot of the film has a trace of Lenin. The film includes scenes where Lenin is talking to the masses, where Lenin, holding the red flag in his hand, has the masses following him, and that of a man like everyone else, looking around him with his smiling eyes. In the first song, that is the first section of the film, we also see traces of the Turkish people living in that region. A woman and her soldier fiancé are speaking a dialect of Azeri and Turkish. The dialogue is as follows: The soldier: “Is the rifle in place?, the woman: “It is in place”. “möhkem tie it”, “I tied it”, “take aim”, “I took aim”. One of the biggest freedoms the revolution brought was to free the woman from the veil,...
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...Why the 1905 revolution failed The 1905 revolution failed due to many factors, all of which helped the Tsar government overcome the revolutionaries. The aim of the revolutionaries was to gain governmental reform, however the Tsar’s aim was not to lose power. One of the reasons that the 1905 revolution failed was due to the loyalty that Nicholas II had from his armed forces. With these armed forces the Tsar was able to crush the disturbances that were part of the revolution meaning that he could arrest the revolutionaries and either execute them or exile them to Siberia. This in effect reduced the amount of revolutionaries making it easier for the Tsar to stay in power throughout the revolution. Having the loyalty of the armed forces was a very significant reason for the failure of the revolution because if the army had have turned against the Tsar he would not have been able to overpower the revolution. Nicholas II also had support from a group known as the Black Hundreds. This was a counter revolutionary group formed of mainly richer citizens such as landowners who supported the principles of autocracy and Russian nationalism. The Black Hundreds helped the government regain control as even though they did not have governmental approval they hunted down and executed thousands of know reformers meaning that it would be again be easier for the government to survive during the revolution. Another reason for the failure of the 1905 revolution was disunity among the revolutionaries...
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...The cause of the 1905 revolution was mainly due to the Tsar Government’s failures of solving the problems faced by the population. The populace of Russia mainly faced the problems of poverty, starvation and disease. This is mainly due to the fact that 80% of the population were peasants, and had to work long hours for low pay. This leads to them living in poor housing and shelter, eating terrible food and having terrible hygiene. The population that worked in the industries in St Petersburg and Moscow faced no better conditions, for there was overcrowding and they suffered from the very same poor living conditions as the peasants. Yet, with all these problems faced by the peasants and the workers, many of these were not addressed. Although Sergei Witte, a Russian politician, made many policies on expanding the industry, the worker’s life grew no better, and the agriculture sector was mostly ignored. The overall unhappiness and dissatisfaction of the general populace was exacerbated by the failures of the Tsar in the Russo-Japanese war from 1904-1905. Because of the gradual accumulation of dissatisfaction toward the government from the populace, strikes eventually started to take place throughout the country. The tensions all came together on 22 January 1905, Sunday when Father Gapon led a group of protestors to hand over a petition to the Tsar. The protestors were all brutally murdered by the soldiers as ordered by the Tsar. This only managed to worsen the general feelings of the...
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