...Evaluate the Evolving Balance of Economic Power Shift from the West to the East The last two decades there has been a visible shift in economic power from the West to the East. China and India are taking lead in as the economic power posing the weight and dynamism to transform the 21st-century global economy. Though the two have radically different economic strengths and weaknesses the two are expected to deliver a very high growth for decades (Cravens and Piercy, 2010). Since 1979, the two have had a steady and positive GDP curve with China average of 10.92 percent and India India average of 6.01 percent (Trading Economics, 2015). Factors such as outsourcing and education have played an important part in the two countries economic growth. In 2001, outsourcing to China and India have diminished American employment opportunities and cost America 3.2 million jobs (US News. 2014). Competition with low-wage workers from less-developed countries such as China and India has driven down wages for workers in U.S. manufacturing and reduced the wages and bargaining power of similar, non-college-educated workers throughout the economy. The United States graduates roughly 70,000 undergraduate engineers annually, whereas China graduates 600,000 and India 350,000 (Wadhwa, Gereffi, & Ong, 2004). US is concentrating mostly on finance and accounting while the two nations see growing in engineering or life science. According to Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development...
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...2010 Chen and Miller 17 E X C H A N G E West Meets East: Toward an Ambicultural Approach to Management By Ming-Jer Chen and Danny Miller Executive Overview In the aftermath of the recent economic crisis, the world is looking for fresh ideas and new perspectives. Business reality has transformed from “West leads East” to “West meets East.” A thriving Chinese business culture represents not only a source of economic partnership but a potential fount of managerial wisdom that can help renew Western economies. Unfortunately, the cultural distance between East and West makes Chinese examples too different, and at times inappropriate, for Western firms to emulate. Outstanding entrepreneurs such as Stan Shih, who have taken the best managerial practices from the East and the West while avoiding the shortcomings, represent ideal “intermediate” role models. By employing such an “ambicultural” approach to management, Shih provides a model for both bridging cultures and instructing organizations in the East and West. In this essay, we discuss these linkages and some of the useful lessons for managers from both cultures. Indeed, “Chinese” as a way of thinking, with its emphasis on balance and self-other integration, offers the promise to bridge global divides and facilitate the formation of global-minded executives. T he global economic crisis has destroyed vast amounts of wealth— both public and private— and eliminated tens of millions of jobs...
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...KARTHIK NAMANI 12806313 KARTHIK NAMANI 12806313 An essay On: The rise of South East Asia and the effect of China Submitted to: Professor Chris Leggett An essay On: The rise of South East Asia and the effect of China Submitted to: Professor Chris Leggett The rise of South-east Asia and the effect of China Contents I, Introduction II, Body 1. Literature review: 2. South-east Asia Economic potentials 3. South-east Asia recent Economic performance 4. The likelihood to become significant players in the global economy Prospects and assessments 5. Implication on global economic III, Conclusion I, Introduction Asia is the most dynamic region in the world economy at present. The development of Asia is twice the rate when compared to the other regions. The policy orientation, which stresses free movement of capital, goods and services across the national boundaries are the reasons for the growth which is possible now. The economic efficiency and transfer of technology which foster shifts in productions and comparative advantages are the results of the enhancement. (Chong) Because of the Global Financial Crisis, Southeast Asia has been the Gold rush modern- day as international companies clamor to get a piece of the action. As the major part of the young population of 600million and the increasing middle class people are the few bright spots for economic growth and investment returns. Unfortunately, according to my research has found that much...
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...THE TURKISH REPUBLIC CAG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES THE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THE NEW ERA IN TURKISH FOREIG POLICY: A MULTI- DIMENSIONAL TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY Erhan KAYA SEMINARY THESIS ADVISER PROF. DR. ALI ENGIN OBA YENICE-MERSIN/2011 Approval of the Graduate School of Economic and Administrative Sciences ________________ Prof. Dr. Ali Engin Oba Adviser I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. ________________ Prof. Dr. Esat Arslan Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Esat Arslan ________________ Prof. Dr. Ali Engin Oba ________________ I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all materials and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last Name: Erhan Kaya Signature: I would like to thank Professor...
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...Kenya has had four sitting presidents including the current one, this has a close relationship of the way the foreign policy agenda has revolutionized. It will be noted that since independence Kenya had quiet diplomacy that can be considered to have been of a low profile approach in terms of foreign affairs especially international ones. In this immediate post-independence period there was active involvement in regional peace diplomacy. The architectures of these polices then had the central idea that the future of the country strongly stood on the belief that regional stability and security in our environment is the basis for national prosperity and survival. Therefore, there was need to realign the international relations with global powers relations since then and also now there was as is still emergence of multi polar world order and economies that greatly influence global affairs. Kenya being a central and integral entity in the African continent, it is intrinsically important that its national interests are fundamentally interlinked with the continents stability, unity and...
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...1.1) Describe the shifts in the world economy over the last 30 years. What are the implications of these shifts for international businesses based in Britain, North America, and Hong Kong? Over the last 30 years, there has been a shift away from a world in which national economies are relatively self-contained entities, isolated by barriers to trade and investment, and differences in government regulation, culture, and business systems and toward a world where barriers to trade and investment are declining, cultures are converging, and national economies are merging into an integrated, interdependent global economic system. As companies from Japan and emerging markets like China play a more vital role in the world economy, the dominance of companies from the United States and Western Europe has diminished. Significant implications for British firms involve their need to look beyond Europe and America for investment and opportunities. Consumer spending power is growing the most quickly in developing countries. British firms also face the opportunity (and the threat) of attracting Asian firms interested in Britain as a launch pad for the European market. For North American firms, the same holds true, although the importance of the increasing prosperity in Latin America suggests a potentially huge market in “their backyard.” Hong Kong, while losing its “independence”, is perceived as the gateway to the immense market of mainland China. While the free market freedoms Hong...
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...non-state actors competing for new world order. Many states are suffering great turmoil, while others are gaining economic strength and power. Although the world has reached a point that we are poised for conflict, there has actually been a decline in conflict among civilizations. Among those that are geographically positioned for a border dispute, there has been no significant increase in conflict. Many would argue that clashes between western civilizations and non-western civilizations should be at the top of the list, but this has not been the case either. Conflict and war has occurred since the beginning of man and has been recorded right along religious strife. Conflict occurs for several basic reasons including: an attempt to increase a standard of living, to prevent a decrease in a standard of living, greed-more power and territory, religious idealism, and corrupt governments. When developing an analysis to determine the next confrontation, there are several points that must be considered: relative power of non-state actors; an unprecedented shift in relative wealth and economic power from West to East; continued economic growth-coupled with 1.2 billion more people by 2025; the number of countries with youthful populations; the greater spread of lethal capabilities in the Middle East; and Terrorism. Taking into consideration these factors, I find it difficult to simply pinpoint a...
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...International security is going to face a drastic change in the coming years, it will depend less on how many people inhabit the world than on how the global population is composed and distributed. There will be more weight put on declining and growing populations, the ages of these populations, and how they are composed demographically. (1b) Outline What is the state of international security at this time? - power lays with developed countries, with maintainable populations - developing countries are drastically growing “where policing, sanitation and healthcare are often scarce” - relationships between the western “superpowers” and the emerging of Islamic youths from the middle east are rocky at best How is the state of international security going to shift? - the demographic weight of the world’s developed countries is going to drop, which will cause the economic power to shift onto developing countries - the world’s population will become urbanized with the largest urban centers in the world’s poorest countries How can we make this a smooth shift? - the world’s youth are concentrated in poorer, developing countries and developed countries should be prepared to educate and employ them - developed countries should be open to international immigration - reconsider the structure of global institutions such as the G-8, G-20 and NATO - developed countries should encourage families to have more children to keep the population more distributed rather than concentrated...
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...The Rise and Risk of China Introduction Australia has felt the full impact of Chinas “extraordinary economic growth and active diplomacy” (Ikenberry 2011, 23) in East Asia. The power transition of China “becoming a formidable global power” (Ikenberry 2011, 26) is of growing importance to Australia’s economic prosperity and security (Shen 2009, 110). But as relative power begins to shift, the latest defence White Paper released last Friday May 3, stated “the relationship between the United States and China, the region’s and the globe’s two most powerful states, will more than any other single factor determine our strategic environment over coming decades” (Probyn and Wright 2013). Drawing upon the Research Thesis of Yi Shen at the University of NSW, the aim of this essay is to examine the repercussions of the US-China strategic rivalry over Taiwan. In the event of conflict, Australia would be forced to side with the US which “has kept Asia peaceful and Australia secure for many decades” (White 2011, 81). Maintaining a military alliance with the US as well as ongoing economic opportunities with China requires stable relations amongst Asian powers by adopting “the logic of concert” (White 2011, 90). As China becomes an ongoing threat to US primacy in Asia, it is in the best interest of Australia to maintain dual relations by the establishment of a new order that ensures regional stability and security throughout Asia. Clash over Taiwan Australia’s ability to maintain...
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...Kennan’s Telegram and Churchill’s ‘Iron Curtain’ speech and the threat of communist takeover in Greece. * No suggestion that the US envisaged any long-term military or political entanglement in Europe beyond the time it took to establish political and economic reconstruction there. * Each side regarded the other as a threat to national security and being expansionist and a global strategic threat. * By September 1946 the emergence of the Cold War was seemingly irreversible. Why Truman introduced his Doctrine (first step containment?) * Keep the SU from aiding the Greek communist movement * Protect democracy and freedom in response to Soviet aggression and ideological expansionism in Eastern Europe * Demonise SU and Communism * Threaten and provoke USSR * Truman wanted a Cold War because that would justify the US’s role as a defender of the freedom and function as world power * Develop the US’s global economic power – if the US is protector, other sates would be militarily and economically dependent of the US – close trade relations. Truman emphasised in his doctrine the differences between Capitalism and Communism. The US would support ‘freedom’ through economic and financial aid, which was essential to stable and orderly political process. * Historian: Richard Crockatt (The Fifty Years War 1995) commented ‘Bipolarity (two opposite or contradictory ideas or natures) was not merely a matter of structure of international...
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...Germany & Economic Stagnation in the Post-Millennium Since the reconstruction of Germany in the 1950’s, the country had been continually expanding economically, until it had become a manufacturing power base in Europe, a country that can compete with countries the likes of the United States and Japan. However in recent years, German re-unification and changing global economic conditions have caused this economic growth to slow down, until it has become stagnated at the current point in time. I will be looking at the different institutions present in Germany that have contributed to the country’s economic performance, how they actually helped, and why now certain institutions, and certain changing conditions, are now constraining the economic growth into utter stagnation. Perhaps what differs Germany to many other countries is its constitution. Like many other countries, it guarantees the rights of its citizens. However, it goes one step further, committing private property for the public good. This has important consequences for the German economy and its society. The main idea behind the German economic model is that it mustn’t be thought of as a “free market”, such as the economic models that can be seen in the United Kingdom and the United States. It should rather be more seen as a “social market”. This enshrines the core of German economic ideology - that the economy and the society are interconnected and depend on one another. German businesses have the responsibility...
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...The future for rich countries is economic stagnation, as economic growth increasingly occurs in developing countries in Asia. Introduction In December 2007, The Great Recession has affected the world economy(S. Montana.2010). This downturn more or less was detrimental to every country. However, by the summer of 2009, world economists started to believe that recession was over. The subsequent recovery was weak with persistent high levels of unemployment and inflation which still remained throughout many countries(The Economist.2010). This so called economic crisis caused substantial economic upheaval. Rich countries are no longer dominate the world, while rapid economic growth in Asia is becoming more and more significant. This essay will emphasize that the balance of power will not shift to the East, as India and China develop, and will illustrate the key fact why the West will not regress. An analysis regarding the forecast for both, developing and developed, countries will be provided by looking at: the economic prognoses for Asia, China and India in particular; the potential economic stagnation in rich countries; the evidence suggesting that the balance of power will not shift from West to East. Current economic situation in Asia. Forecast for Chinese and Indian economy. Even The Great Recession in 2007 could not stop sustained takeoff of two countries, which population together accounts one-third of the planets population, India and China. Both countries...
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...TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE COLD WAR Turkey followed a “belligerence” policy from the start of II. World War in 1939 until the start of war in 1945. The purpose of that time managers of Turkey, protect it from the damage of the war. The end of the war with the options in front of us, pushing us to act together with the Western bloc. The formation of these preferences is not a decision for an instant multi-dimensional factors, factors were created by a process. Turkey’s prefer of Western side, did not lead to acceptance by the West sincerely. European members of NATO did not want to risk of war again because of Turkey who was under the Soviet threat at that time. At the same time, they were not willing to impart that the U.S. Marshall Aid to Turkey. Britain lost its efficiency in the Middle East as in all the world and for that reason Britain was put forward a project that "Commander of the Middle East" which Turkey will play a key role for gain efficiency again. Due to U.S. opposition to this prediction, this project got shelved.In the "Containment Policy" process which started with Truman Doctrine by U.S. against the Soviet Bloc, military and geo-strategic location of Turkey opened the door to NATO membership.With North Korea's attack on South Korea, the Korean War started in 1950-53 and the Turkey participating in United States’s side, this was resulting against all suspicies and prejudice, Turkey took place between NATO member countries.Russians wishes to change of...
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...talk about how women in the West earned the right to vote in the frontier states before the eastern and southern states. We will analyze the impact of two major historical turning points on America’s society, economy, politics, and culture. Next we will look at the legislation in the Roosevelt–Taft–Wilson progressive era years, and show how that has influenced the business of today since the time of its inception. We will review how the Spanish American war laid the foundation for which America would develop its empire. Lastly, we will discuss some ways the Boom and Bust of the Roaring Twenties followed by The Great Depression affected the federal government’s involvement with the national economy. | During the reformist movement, urbanization brought people to the cities for work opposed to the traditional farming communities or villages’ people lived and worked in prior to the Progressive Era. With this change occurring in society, there came much needed changes in the way we came together as a community to provide the necessities, which would allow our new families, and communities to prosper. With America’s expansion to the west under the Homestead Act, “any man or woman twenty-one years old or the head of a family” could have 160 acres of undeveloped land granted to them by the government with the stipulation to owning it being they had to develop it and maintain a residence on it for five years. This legislation sparked the expansion west and in effect created a legal...
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...Chapter 15 Study Guide In 1200, the Middle East and north Africa were dominated by two powerful empires: Byzantine and Islamic caliphate. By 1400, this structure was in disarray: • Byzantine was in decline, pressed by invading Ottoman Turks. Constantinople fell to Turks in 1453, ending empire. • By 1200s, the Muslims had fallen to Mongols. Arabs never able to unite the entire region again. Decline of Islamic caliphate: decline of caliphate and its economy was gradual and incomplete – not at all like the dramatic fall of Rome • authority of caliphate declined, landlords seized power, peasants became serfs on large estates • agricultural productively declined, tax revenues declined • Arab and Middle Eastern traders lose ground: European merchants began to exercise control of their turf and challenge the Arabs in other parts of the Mediterranean. Still, Arab and Persian commerce remained active in Indian Ocean. • The emerging Ottoman Turks expanded into southeastern Europe, and the power (both politically and militarily) was frightening to other people in other areas, such as western Europe. A Power Vacuum in International Leadership • Turkish rulers unable to reestablish Islamic position in international trade. Turks scornful of Arabs (though both were Muslim), did not promote trade, especially maritime trade, as vigorously as in past. • Turkic expansion was important well into 17th century, but real focus was on conquest...
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