...As you may know our society today is very adamant on using credit and debit cards or pre-paid visas. The global establishment is increasingly pushing the notion of a “cashless society” a world in which all payments and transactions are conducted electronically, creating a permanent record for governments to inspect and track at will. Multiple governments including but not limited to, Africa and Asia to Europe and the Americas are working toward that goal. Powerful global forces including the United Nations are helping as well. Although, analysts are warning that such a shift would be nightmarish for liberty and privacy. Now there are some pros to this “cashless society” which include; possible reductions in armed robbery, tax evasion, black-market commerce, the cost of printing and securing physical cash, and more. Although critics are warning of the dangerous schemes that could be unleashed in a world where out-of-control governments can monitor literally every purchase, transaction and bit of economic activity. There has yet to be a completely “cashless society” but Israel is probably the closest and will be the first. A committee chaired by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s chief of staff has come up with a three phase plan to “all but do away with cash transactions in Israel”. Individuals and small businesses would still be allowed to conduct transactions in cash, initially at least, but the goal is to force Israeli citizens to conduct as much business as possible...
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...Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking Felica Dulaney Psy/400 October 1, 2012 Dr. Tessie Blake, Psy.D. Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking During the recent history of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has been marked by a number of agreements and different accords which have failed. But the Hebron drafted an agreement which was signed back in January 1997 by the Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahy and the leader of the Palestinian Organization (PLO) Yasser Arafat, then subsequently done away with because the Israeli’s had continued to do construction of the settlements in the Palestinian territory (International relations, 2009). But the Oslo was signed in August of 1993 that was set for the resolution of any and all outstanding issues, But by the Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and the PLO leader Yasser Arafat. But when the deadline had approached the fear of the PLO was declaring that the Palestinian had brought a newly renewed violence and, newly found demands from Israel. Handelman (2008) had noted that the Israelis and the Palestinians were in a deadlock in, “Protected and, violence, drawn out struggles which generation after generation is socially conditioned to continue to fight” (p. 57). But nonetheless the potential resolution of the conflict has seemed to involve a simultaneous implementation of the political-elite model (PEM) of peacemaking. Political-elite Model of Peacemaking ...
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...Multinational Companies and Human Rights Ever since globalism has become the dominate economic system in the modern world, many companies specifically in the United States have found the benefits of moving manufacturing jobs out of the US in favor of countries that pay workers very low wages. These countries often times do not have the same stringent labor laws and enforcement features in place as in the US and as a result human rights abuses are much more pronounced and more apt to be violated. As more consumers in western nations become more educated about where their products are being manufactured and how many people are being mistreated and abused all in the name of making products cheaply, they are demanding that multinational companies or MNCs take more responsibility in making sure human rights are not being violated. An example of a way MNCs are attempting to take responsibility for ensuring workers human rights are the establishment of various codes of conducts. One such code of conduct mentioned in our textbook is the Anti-Sweatshop Code of Conduct established by former President Bill Clinton. The code which “includes a ban on forced labor, abuse, and discrimination requires companies to provide a healthy and safe work environment and to pay at least the prevailing local minimum wage, among other requirements” (Deresky, 2011). This particular code of conduct works in conjunction with the Department of Labor who essentially publishes the names of companies...
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...Skyline University Collage Case 1-1 - Starbucks International Marketing class – Dr. Shivakumar Alaeddin Khader Answers to the case study questions: 1. In Its journey to the top of international success in coffee stores, Starbucks has faced a lot of controllable and uncontrollable challenges. Starbucks started in Seattle in the United States where the people there love coffee and have a lot of coffee shops to visit. That was the first uncontrollable challenge facing the company as it started in nearly saturated environment with lots of competition. When operating in international market they need to operate through local partner who will cut from their profit so that they will keep only 20 to 50 percent of the profit. Expansion to international market poses with huge risks. While spreading out they have faced cultural challenges. Below picture shows the protesters against the globalization attaching Starbucks as they see it as a symbol for the free market international company and represents the globalization. For the controllable challenges that Starbucks have faced, the company growth largely in the United States as they have participated themselves of saturating the market of coffee shops as their crowding of so many stores so close to each other has become a national joke. Such as the headline in the Onion (a satirical publication): “A New Starbucks opens in restroom of existing Starbucks”. Opening so many stores near to each other will cut...
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...Introduction In recent years, to talk about changes and transformation in Turkish foreign policy have become common place1. Since the end of Cold war, many books and articles have been published claiming that Turkey’s external relations have undergone a profound change2. Most commentators when analysing Turkish foreign policy in the 1990s perceived a significant qualitative transformation in comparison with the foreign policy conducted during the Cold War, which is often described as passive and reactive. An assertive and multi-directional foreign policy was developed, and Turkey became much more active in its neighbourhood, establishing ties with the Caucasus and the Turkic Republics, participating in peacekeeping missions in the Balkans, promoting economic relations with Black Sea countries, increasing economic and political ties with the Middle East. However, a darker side of this activism in foreign policy was observed in the 1990s, when Ankara’s ready resort to the threat or the use of military force was particularly visible. Regular military incursions in Northern Iraq to crush PKK forces, threats against Syria, with troops amassed at the border in 1998, hard rhetoric during the Russian S-300 missiles crisis planned to be deployed in Cyprus in the same year are a few examples (Park 2005). In 1995, the Turkish Parliament announced that if Greece expanded its territorial waters from six to twelve miles, Turkey would go to war and war almost happened over ...
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...and Israelis The issue of Palestine and Israel is one that has been hotly contested for over a thousand years. The last fifty years have been especially important in the history of the Jewish people and Palestinians. Since the death of Yasser Arafat on the 11th of November 2004, and the election of Mahmoud Abbas as his successor as leader of the Palestinian Authority, significant steps have been taken towards a lasting peace. This will hopefully lead to a conclusion of the second Palestinian intifada, which began in late September 2000, and to an end of the oppression of the Palestinian people by the Israeli Defense Forces. Both Jews and Arabs have suffered heavily from the conflict, thousands of innocent civilians have died on both sides, and peace is in the interests of all. History of the Conflict The disputed territory that has been alternately referred to as Palestine and Israel is relatively small, the total area is only roughly 22 000 square kilometers. It is bordered by Jordan on the East, Lebanon on the North, Egypt and the Mediterranean Ocean on the West, and shares 76 kilometers of border with Syria in the North East. The two disputed territories that are occupied by the Israeli Army but under the autonomous control of the Palestinian Authority are the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. These two territories amount to roughly 6400 square kilometers, the West Bank makes up the majority of this area – it amounts to 6000 square kilometers in the Eastern part of the country...
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...Contents Preface to the First Edition Introduction Part 1. Thought Control: The Case of the Middle East Part 2. Middle East Terrorism and the American Ideological System Part 3. Libya in U.S. Demonology Part 4. The U.S. Role in the Middle East Part 5. International Terrorism: Image and Reality Part 6. The World after September 11 Part 7. U.S./Israel-Palestine Notes Preface to the First Edition (1986) St. Augustine tells the story of a pirate captured by Alexander the Great, who asked him "how he dares molest the sea." "How dare you molest the whole world?" the pirate replied: "Because I do it with a little ship only, I am called a thief; you, doing it with a great navy, are called an Emperor." The pirate's answer was "elegant and excellent," St. Augustine relates. It captures with some accuracy the current relations between the United States and various minor actors on the stage of international terrorism: Libya, factions of the PLO, and others. More generally, St. Augustine's tale illuminates the meaning of the concept of international terrorism in contemporary Western usage, and reaches to the heart of the frenzy over selected incidents of terrorism currently being orchestrated, with supreme cynicism, as a cover for Western violence. The term "terrorism" came into use at the end of the eighteenth century, primarily to refer to violent acts of governments designed to ensure popular submission. That concept plainly is of little benefit to the practitioners of state terrorism...
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...List of current heads of state and government From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2010) | This is a list of current heads of state and government, showing heads of state and heads of government where different, mainly in parliamentary systems; often a leader is both in presidential systems. Some states have semi-presidential systems where the head of government role is fulfilled by both the listed head of government and the head of state. The list includes the names of the recently elected or appointed heads of state who will take office on an appointed date. Contents [hide] * 1 States recognised by the United Nations * 2 States recognised by at least one United Nations member * 3 States not recognised by any United Nations members * 4 See also * 5 References * 6 External links | States recognised by the United Nations [edit] State | Head of state | Head of government | Afghanistan | President Hamid Karzai | Albania | President Bujar Nishani | Prime Minister Sali Berisha | Algeria | President Abdelaziz Bouteflika | Prime Minister Abdelmalek Sellal | Andorra | Co-Prince Joan Enric Vives i Sicília Representative Josep Maria Mauri Co-Prince François Hollande Representative Sylvie Hubac | Prime Minister Antoni Martí | ...
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...1.2. Differentiate between leadership and management. According to the extract how can leaders become more effective? Discuss. Leadership and management are two terms which have been used hand in hand and sometimes are often used interchangeably to describe positions in which one may direct a group of people. The might sound similar but they have different meaning and are one of the most researched topics in business management today. Today’s groups, organizations, and teams need both effective leaders and effective managers to run a successful operation. While some obvious similarities (i.e. they both involve influencing constituents or employees; authority and power are generally given with both positions) can be found between leadership and management, there are also some striking differences (i.e. management is often more task-oriented; leadership is often considered more inspirational and visionary). Management refers to roles which typically involve the supervision of employees. The depth or reality of a manager’s responsibility may differ depending on his position, for example a human resources manager has to ensure that his subordinates arrange and carry out recruitment to occupy vacant company positions, while a finance manager has to organize the collection of commercial trends and aid decision making of the higher-ups based on analyses. The manager is responsible for creating and executing plans based on organization’s goals set by the superiors and to measure...
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.... ìGETTING TO NOî AN ANALYSIS OF FAILED MEDIATION IN THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT (1993-2000) Master of Arts in Law and Diplomacy Thesis Submitted by Ahsiya Posner 9 February 2003 Under the advisement of Professor Eileen Babbitt and Professor Diana Chigas ABSTRACT This paper will attempt this difficult but important task with the humble understanding that ìthe full storyî is impossible to know and telló even for the very participants of the process. Nevertheless, in this investigation, the author will explore four main questions. The first three questions are: 1) did the OPP set the Israelis and Palestinians on a trajectory that ìdoomedî CD2 from the start?; 2) were there problems inherent to the process and structure of CD2 that led to its failure?; and, 3) how should future mediation attempts of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict be structured in order to meet with more success? The fourth question, however, requires further introduction. The forthcoming study of CD2 will be guided by a ìProvisional Framework (PF)î of seven criteria that I believe are necessary ingredients to successful peacemaking processes. I devised this framework after consulting existing literature and scholars in the field of mediation and negotiation in general, as well as after reviewing scholarly pieces focusing on the Israel-Palestinian peace process in particular. Thus, after using this framework to analyze CD2, conclusions will thus be drawn with regard to a fourth and final question:...
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...Sudan and South Sudan’s Merging Conflicts Africa Report N°223 | 29 January 2015 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 brussels@crisisgroup.org Table of Contents Executive Summary................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iii I. II. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... South Kordofan – the Epicentre of Sudan’s Conflicts ..................................................... A. The Government’s “Hot Dry Season” Campaign ....................................................... B. The Sudan Revolutionary Front ................................................................................ III. Internal Nuer Conflict in Unity State ............................................................................... A. Historic Disunity ........................................................................................................ B. Bul Nuer Rising .......................................................................................................... 1 2 2 4 7 7 8 IV. Merging Conflicts in Sudan and South Sudan ......................................................
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...5/8/2014 Israeli–Palestinian conflict - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Israeli–Palestinian conflict From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Israeli–Palestinian conflict (Arabic: اﻟﻨﺰاع اﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﯿﻨﻲ - اﻹﺳﺮاﺋﯿﻠﻲ al-Niza'a al'Filastini al 'Israili; Hebrew: הסכסוך הישראלי-פלסטיני Ha'Sikhsukh Ha'YisraeliFalestini) is the ongoing struggle between Israelis and Palestinians that began in the mid-20th century.[1] The conflict is wide-ranging, and the term is sometimes also used in reference to the earlier sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine, between the Zionist yishuv and the Arab population under British rule. The Israeli–Palestinian conflict has formed the core part of the wider Arab–Israeli conflict. It has widely been referred to as the world's "most intractable conflict".[3][4][5] Despite a long-term peace process and the general reconciliation of Israel with Egypt and Jordan, Israelis and Palestinians have failed to reach a final peace agreement. The remaining key issues are: mutual recognition, borders, security, water rights, control of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements,[6] Palestinian freedom of movement,[7] and resolving Palestinian claims of a right of return for their refugees. The violence of the conflict, in a region rich in sites of historic, cultural and religious interest worldwide, has been the object of numerous international conferences dealing with historic rights, security issues and human rights, and has been a factor hampering tourism in and...
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...300 SECRETS 1. A life is a terrible thing to waste. So easy to beat yourself up over mistakes you've made. So many amongst us live in the past rather than loving the present and building a brilliant future. First of all, no one tries to fail or mess things up. Every one of us wakes up in the morning, walks out into the world and does the best we can do based on what we know and the skills we have. But even more importantly, every so-called "mistake' is actually a rich source of learning. An opportunity to build more awareness and understanding and gain precious experience. Just maybe what we could call failures are actually growth lessons in wolf's clothing. And just maybe the person who experiences the most, wins. 2. A world-class company puts systems in place to ensure consistency of results. If you want to get something done and if you want to see consistent results, build a system around it. Celebrate the previous days wins and then rededicate to work for the mission. Systems‛ thinking builds structures into your life so that your best practices actually get integrated into your life. Systems allow you to live in a proactive rather than in a reactive way. And having a bunch of systems in place to keep you at your best doesn't mean that your life will be overly structured and full of stress Because nothing deprives a human being of happiness as much as seeing a life being wasted. 3. ABC. Always Be Connecting with everybody, everything around you. The best leaders build strong...
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...Media History Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Mass media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1.5 1.1.6 1.1.7 1.1.8 1.1.9 Issues with definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forms of mass media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professions involving mass media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Influence and sociology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethical issues and criticism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See also . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 2 6 6 7 8 10 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 19 20 21 21 21 1.1.10 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.11 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.12 Further reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.13 External links . . . . . . . . ....
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...HISTORY IGCSE REVISION BOOK ARAB –ISRAELI What was Zionism * The longing for a homeland for the Jews. * It is the international political movement supporting the re-establishment of a homeland for the Jewish people.’ * ‘The historic homeland of the Jews was in the land of Israel.’ * ‘Since its establishment, Zionists continue to support it.’ * ‘It encourages the migration of Jews to Israel.’ * ’40% of Jews live in Israel and this % is rising.’ * ‘Zionism wants to strengthen and protect Jews and the State o What problems faced Palestine in 1945 Civil disruption.‘ * Large numbers of Jews wanted to go to Palestine.’ * ‘The US was supporting a state of Israel.’ * ‘Should immigration be allowed?’ * ‘Campaigns of violence by the Irgun.’ Why did Britain decide to hand Palestine over to the United Nations * ‘It did not want to stay.’ * ‘Because of the cost.’ * ‘There was violence.’ * ‘Because of its view of Zionism.’ * ‘The pressure from the Irgun.’ * ‘Because of the guerrilla campaign. Explains why * ‘At the end of the war Britain was under great pressure to change its policy and allow in survivors of the holocaust. They refused and this brought about violent protest.’ * ‘The Irgun deliberately attacked and killed British soldiers including the explosion at the King David Hotel. The violence from the Irgun was intended to persuade...
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