...discriminated against because of his disease. Discrimination comes in all kinds of forms, from racism, gender, age and more. I am not sure how this really fits into this period, other than it was in the early 80’s when people started to learn about aids. Homosexuals started coming out of the closet as they say. You had to be afraid to be gay because you would be persecuted for your sexual orientation. Everyone thought Aids was just related to the gay community, but it was also from doing drugs with someone that had the disease. Sharing needles from during heroin with someone that was a carrier. Therefore, here is my take on the movie. Andrew Beckett (Tom Hanks) is one of Philadelphia's most promising lawyers. He is the hot rookie and hired by a top law firm headed by Charles Wheeler (Jason Robards). Andy is also gay and dying from AIDS. When the physical signs of the disease begin to manifest themselves, the firm gets cold on Andy and he is out of a job. They tell him it is because he has an attitude problem and his work is mediocre, but Andy knows it is more personal than that. After no other law firm will take his case for unfair dismissal, his last resort is old adversary Joe Miller (Denzel Washington). Joe, a homophobe with an innate fear of AIDS, is reluctant to take the case also because of his personal reasons, but after seeing Andy humiliated in a public library, cannot resist standing his corner with him. You can see immediately why Hollywood took this film to their heart...
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...Crazy Like Us “Crazy Like Us” is a enlightening book written by San Francisco journalist, Ethan Watters, in which he contends that the exportation of typical American psychological disorders included in the DSM to other countries is an ineffective approach at attempting to aid mental health patients in those countries. Watters educates readers about the dangers of applying American mental disorders to individuals in other countries due to differences in diets, culture, and social norms. He documents a series of case studies in which victims of mental health disorders in various countries are affected by culture and societal norms. He argues that classifying a mental illness under a generic American disorder is dangerous and downright inappropriate. American mental disorders are not “one size fits all” and exportation of them can cause significant damage to the people in the countries who suffer from mental health disorders. I concur with Watters’ chief point that cultural specificity must be accounted for and significant cultural differences exist throughout the globe, particularly in the field of mental health. The first case involves anorexia in Hong Kong, in which a 14-year old girl died suddenly. When reporters investigated her death, they entered her symptoms into the Google search bar to attribute a cause of death. The results configured symptoms very similar to American anorexia. Due to this revelation, the media orchestrated awareness campaigns, which stimulated an...
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...the United States each year (Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000). Although our society now deems these acts of violence as a widespread social problem and worthy of prosecution (Goodman & Smyth, 2011), this does not give the victims of such atrocities the ability to cope with the violence and shame during the time they are being victimized and immediately afterwards. Research has shown that the centrality of a survivor’s social network is the fabric of their daily lives (Goodman & Smyth, 2011). The informal social network system of the DV and IPV survivors is defined as a network that is comprised of friends, family, neighbors, co-workers, and classmates who the survivor readily turn to for emotional support and assistance and who contribute to the mental well-being and ongoing safety of the survivor (Goodman, et al, 2016). The formal social network system of the DV and IPV survivors is defined as a network that is comprised of professional practitioners such as law enforcement, health providers, shelter workers, social workers, emergency hotline workers, mental health advocates, etc. Domestic violence/intimate partner violence survivors are much less likely to utilize these services on a regular basis due to numerous reasons, some of which are: the fear of being ostracized by their family, being dislocated from their family if they are removed from the home and relocated to an emergency shelter; therefore, they will lose ties with their informal social network in the form of family, friends...
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...INTRODUCTION Since its beginnings back in 1948 with Candid Camera, reality television has only grown in popularity. Spawning different subgenres and subcategories within each subgenre, reality television has become a behemoth that dominates a large portion of today’s programming schedule. When most people think “reality television” they think of ordinary people doing crazy things, such as living in a house together, competing to win a record deal, or eating weird insects. But, reality television is actually much larger than many people think, with shows such as COPS, Jerry Springer, and Jeopardy also fitting into the reality television genre. As reality television becomes more and more popular, a disturbing trend has emerged in the way the participants of the shows are portrayed. Many reality television programs use different techniques to portray “characters” that are made to be stereotypes of a certain demographic. Race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, age, and many other characteristics that make up a person have been and are being stereotyped in reality television programs. In some cases, people are cast to be in the show because they satisfy a certain stereotype. In other cases, people are made to be more exaggerated representations of their demographic through editing and instructions from producers on how to act while in front of the cameras. This study will try to determine the reasons behind this phenomenon. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Many reality...
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...becoming justified, acceptable and should be the choice of the woman holding the fetus. The reason for this choice is government makes the mistake of being involved in the choice of its individual people. As you turn on your television set and see matters of abortion being discusses, it is hard to rule out the religion, and science. These subjects will always cause friction when educating people about human life. Abortion is more than a procedure, it has psychological factors, and it has short-term and long-term effects. There are financial matters as well and those who bears the overall long-term effect, society or the individual needs to be addressed as well when speaking about abortions. The Supreme Court of the United States has been involved in highly publicized cases of abortion; Rowe v Wade, Gonzales v. Carnhart, Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of New England, are to name a few. The Supreme Court is the highest form of court system in the United States to decide these matters. The state should allow the people having the abortions to establish their own guidelines so they can govern these laws and regulations. Sexual Education in the school systems is flawed, teachers, teach the youth about sexually transmitted diseases, and the risk of what can happen when a life comes into this world unplanned. It is at this time where the subject of abortion needs to have a forum for discussion. Abortions happen for a wide variety of reasons; rape victims that become pregnant, fetuses born...
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...from one of the world's worst AIDS epidemics. Every Saturday, nearby cemeteries are busy with the arrival of people who have died from AIDS. Funeral directors state that about 30 or 40 people are buried every week, as a result of AIDS. It is said that in South Africa, one of every ten people has AIDS. Some 17 million people in Africa have died representing almost 80% of AIDS deaths world wide. This is the equivalent of the combined populations of New York City and Los Angeles (www.Time/2001/aidsafrica). There is a conspiracy of silence fueling the spread of HIV in South Africa. Johannesburg is the largest city in South Africa, and has one of the fastest growing infection rates AIDS is now South Africa's leading cause of death. Last year it accounted for 40% of all deaths between the ages of 15 and 49 (US.news2.yimg.com). By the year 2010, HIV prevalence in adults is projected to reach 25% of the total population. South Africa is projected to have the highest AIDS death rate until 2015. At that point, the population will have decreased to the point that the death rate will no longer be as high as in other areas. South Africa has a population close to 40 million people - an estimated 4.2 million (10.5%) are infected with HIV. Of these, half are women ages 15-49. Over 40% of pregnant women are HIV-positive. The impact of AIDS in South Africa is overwhelming. The disease has orphaned 370,952 children, 95,000 children have been infected with AIDS and the adult prevalence rate...
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...Week 2 – Essay Assignment Spring Quarter 2011 The Certification Statement This is to certify that this essay is my own original making after the researches I made personally from the Web and elsewhere. It contains all the statements which I downloaded and credited appropriately for the sources, also my own remarks and opinions in between many of these paragraphs, which I have made in ITALICS. The conclusion is my own reflection and opinion and the concluding remarks. I certify that this Essay was never submitted anywhere else, and if I had submitted it elsewhere, then I have reworked, revised and added and altered with supplementary and latest information, spending as much time as I would require to produce an original Essay for this class. Thank you, Sally Introduction Most cultures of the world have religious beliefs that supernatural powers can be compelled, or at least influenced, to act in certain ways for good or evil purposes by using ritual formulas. These formulas are considered to be called magic. This is very different from television and stage "magic" that depends on slight-of-hand tricks and contrived illusions rather than supernatural power. At times, this magic was called “black magic” and was used together with other forms known as sorcery, witchcraft and fortune telling. Centuries ago, these forms of magic were considered to be less ‘religious’...
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...members and educators to see how these service gaps may have affected them or may not have. We discovered that ContactLifeline is a nonprofit agency that provides specific services to sexual assault and rape survivors for the entire state of Delaware. ContactLifeline offers many options for survivors to receive multiple kinds of aftercare services, free of charge, but we noticed that their efforts in prevention were not being met on a full scale by our school system in an effective long term manner. We asked what is being done by our local schools to provide and promote education on this specific topic. What is being done to educate our youth on what healthy relationships and sexual behaviors are so that most importantly we see a decrease in victims and are not spending so much time and money on aftercare? This needs assessment addresses this service gap in depth and provides a possible policy change within our local school districts and potentially a state wide adaption of a sexual education program that includes a curriculum that teaches our youth what healthy relationships and sexual behaviors are and how to effectively maintain these. All of this is based on a hope to prevent the large amount of sexual violence and abuse we see in our society and start addressing it in our local communities. II. Nature and Extent of Problem Definition of Sexual Violence Sexual violence...
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...RESEARCH TOPICS: Law + Statistics + Services + Reform RESEARCH TOPICS: Law + Statistics + Services + Reform 08 Fall 08 Fall RESEARCH – EMILY RUSSELL 1. DEFINITION OF MARRIAGE - MARRIAGE ACT 1961 (Cth) (s 5); Hyde v Hyde; s 43(a) FLA) * 4 ELEMENTS: Marriage means the union of a man and a woman to the exclusion of all others voluntarily entered into for life * Men and women… without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion have a right to marry and found a family…entitled to equal rights…(Article 16; UDoHR) 2. RESTRICTIONS AS TO MARRIAGE * S 88E – Cannot marry overseas (same sex) and return and legally register marriage (Marriage Act) 3. ELEMENTS OF MARRIAGE * Dwelling under the same roof, sex, mutual society and protection, recognition of marriage in public and private relationships (Todd and Todd) 1. ONE and ONE woman – monogamous mature (serial polygamy is permitted – remarriage after a former marriage has been dissolved) i. S 6 FLA – Polygamous relationships entered outside of Australia, shall be deemed to be a marriage when changing domicile to Australia 2. HETEROSEXUAL (Corbett v Corbett) 3. FOR LIFE 4. VOLUNTARILY ENTERED INTO 4. LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF MARRIAGE * Entitled to certain rights and owe legal responsibilities a) DETERMINE “TRUE SEX” i) CORBETT AND CORBETT a. Chromosomal:...
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...Meckling University of Rochester Abstract Understanding human behavior is fundamental to understanding how organizations function, whether they are profit-making firms, non-profit enterprises, or government agencies. Much disagreement among managers, scientists, policy makers, and citizens arises from substantial differences in the way we think about human nature—about their strengths, frailties, intelligence, ignorance, honesty, selfishness, and generosity. In this paper we discuss five alternative models of human behavior that are commonly used (though usually implicitly). They are the Resourceful, Evaluative, Maximizing Model (REMM), Economic (or Money Maximizing) Model, Psychological (or Hierarchy of Needs) Model, Sociological (or Social Victim) Model, and the Political (or Perfect Agent) Model. We argue that REMM best describes the systematically rational part of human behavior. It serves as the foundation for the agency model of financial, organizational, and governance structure of firms. The growing body of social science research on human behavior has a common message: Whether they are politicians, managers, academics, professionals, philanthropists, or factory workers, individuals are resourceful, evaluative maximizers. They respond creatively to the opportunities the environment presents, and they work to loosen constraints that prevent them from doing what they wish. They care about not only money, but about almost everything—respect, honor, power, love, and the welfare...
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...PUNJAB, PATIALA CUSTODIAL TORTURE: VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS SUPERVISED BY: SUBMITTED BY: Ms. Sangeeta Taak Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law Patiala (Punjab) PROJECT SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF REQUIREMENTS OF THE SUBJECT OF CRIMINAL LAW FOR EIGHTH SEMESTER, B.A.LL.B (HONS.) COURSE SURBHI MEHTA Assistant Professor of Law (Roll No. 581) TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Objectives 2 1.2. Research Methodology 2 1.3. Hypothesis 2 1.4. Definitions 3 1.4.1. Police 3 1.4.2. Torture 4 CHAPTER 2: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 6 CHAPTER 3: CUSTODIAL TORTURE AND RELATED DIMENSIONS 10 3.1. Categories 10 3.1.1. Physical torture 10 3.1.2. Custodial Death 12 3.1.3. Custodial Rape 13 3.2. Causes 14 3.2.1. Structural 14 3.2.2. Other Causes 15 3.3. Consequences 16 3.3.1. Physical Consequences 16 3.3.2. Psychological Consequences 16 3.3.3. Economic Consequences 16 3.3.4. Social Consequences 16 CHAPTER 4: LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS 17 4.1. The Constitution of India, 1950 17 4.2. The Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 18 4.3. Indian Evidence Act, 1872 19 4.4. Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 20 4.4.1. The National Human Rights Commission 20 CHAPTER 5: JUDICIAL PRONOUNCEMENTS 22 5.1. Monetary Compensation and Judicial Response 25 5.2. Judgements Awarding Compensation 27 5.3. Judgments Awarding Punishment 28 CHAPTER 6: INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION AGAINST TORTURE 29 6.1. Major...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1.1 Introduction Stripping widows of property is a huge social problem in Zimbabwe especially with the escalating death toll due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Customary laws have been unable to address the problem which suggests that extra- legal interventions might be necessary. Social work intervention is necessary to preserve the widow’s worth and dignity as a human being, which is the principal value of social work. A widow is a woman who has lost a husband by death and has not remarried, according to The South African Concise Oxford Dictionary. Property stripping refers to depriving someone of acquired or inherited movable or immovable possessions that rightfully and legally belong to that person (The South African Concise Oxford Dic tionary; Kuenyehia 2003). This study uses stripping and grabbing interchangeably as refer ring to the same act. Basing their studies in Ikot Idem in Nigeria, Okunmadewa, Aina, Ayoola, Mamman, Nweze, Odebiyi, Shedu and Zacha (2002:106) maintain: [W]omen’s wellbeing often deteriorates quickly after the loss of their husbands, when they suffer threats of both their physical security and property. A widow often loses her husband’s property to the in-laws in accordance with family traditional rules. This study proposes to explore the widows’ experiences of property inheritance in the Binga District, in the North West of Zimbabwe...
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...Introduction Most of the time, physical abuse is not recognize by peoples as a serious problem. Physical abuse occurs when someone physically hurts you, such as by hitting you or throwing something at you. Even if someone only hits you once or doesn't hurt you that badly, it is a big deal. It may be not so serious because it seems they’re not badly hurt, but what the people doesn’t know is they are causing harm, a serious harm to that people they hurt physically.Abuse tends to escalate, putting you at greater risk in the future. Just one incident of being physically hurt by anyone is unacceptable, and you should take steps to stop the abuse. They cause harm in the sense that that even small hurting can cause hidden scars, Hidden scars which are formed by the emotional and psychological wounds. This Hidden scars is manifested by almost all of the people specifically during their teenage years. All parents want a disciplined and well behaved child. However, there are times when a parent loses control or simply has no control over their child. This is when simple parenting crosses the line and becomes emotional abuse. Emotional abuse is elusive. Unlike physical abuse, the people doing it and receiving it may not even know it is happening. It can be more harmful than physical abuse because it can undermine what we think about ourselves. It can cripple all we are meant to be as we allow something untrue to define us. Emotional abuse can happen between parent and child, husband...
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...ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN THE WORK PLACE PART I – SECTION I - REFERENCE LIST Search Strategy To facilitate my search criteria, I sought the use of various search engines such as Google scholars, Bing, ProQuest and Academic OneFile. In order to identify what I was meant to research and comprehend, I used certain keywords and certain phrases which are relevant to the topic I picked. The following are the keywords that I picked for search purpose • Causes of anxiety in workplace • Workplace depression • Effect of Alcohol and drug dependence on workplace • Anxiety and work environment • Boredom in job • Stress in workplace • organizational commitment & employee discontent • Physical fitness and work related issues • Dealing with Anxiety and Depression • Coping with Anxiety and Depression • Impact of anxiety and depression on organization and economy I had analyzed the various key words which are related to the topic and compared sourced information from other related sites for the topic. To find how organizations deal with anxiety and depression and how this affects other employees I initiated discussions with the human resource dept and the different chiefs of the company that I work, namely Gulf Cement Co. The Preliminary research question that I will be addressing in the literature review What are the effects of anxiety and depression in the work place and how organizations deal with it? A list of 6 – 8 Keywords and their definitions...
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...THE COST OF ARTISTIC FREEDOM: CENSORSHIP vs. LIBERALISM IN HOLLYWOOD, 1940 – 1960 Destiny Adams History 734 – Seminar in American History Dr. Wintz – Texas Southern University Spring 2009 Table of Contents Part One 1.1 – Introduction – p. 3 1.2 – Social and Political Climate pp. 3-11 1.3 – Production Code Resolutions pp.11-15 Part Two 2.1- Production Codes – I, II, III and IV pp.16 2.2 – Production Codes V, VI, VII and VIII pp.17-18 2.3 - Production Codes IX, X, XI and XII pp.18 Part Three 3.1- Hollywood and Film making – 1940-1949 pp.18-21 3.2- Movies – Awarded, Nominated, Not Nominated pp.21 Part Four 4.1- Hollywood and Film making – 1950-1959 pp.22-26 4.2- Movies – Awarded, Nominated, Not Nominated pp.26 Part Five 5.1- Synopsis of Film making in the 1960’s – New Era pp. 27-28 5.2- Conclusion pp.28-29 The Red Scare of 1917-1920, was the primary influence for the emergence of censorship through McCarthyism and Anti- Socialist sentiments in filmmaking during 1940-1960. McCarthyism and three international wars enhanced Anti – Communist resentments within the United States. A brief emergence of Socialist organizations in America heightened the fervor of conservative versus liberal views within cinematography. Motion Movie producers and Distributors, in Hollywood, California were heavily encouraged to influence film directors, screenwriters and actors by incorporating strict codes within their artistic expression...
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