...Social Anxiety DisorderPhobia Disorders • Social Anxiety Disorder Social anxiety disorder, involves overwhelming anxiety and excessive self-consciousness in everyday social situations. People with social anxiety disorder have a persistent, intense, and chronic fear of being watched and judged by others and being embarrassed or humiliated by their own actions. Their fear may be so severe that it interferes with work or school, and other ordinary activities. While many people with social anxiety disorder recognize that their fear of being around people may be excessive or unreasonable. • Post traumatic...
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...Should Parents Limit Screen Time for Children? Instagram, Snapchat, Youtube and Fruit Ninja, sound familiar? These are all popular apps many people love on their phone, many think that these games are all fun, but there is also a bad side to them that many people don’t see. Parents need to limit screen time for children because it can cause depression and anxiety, a disconnection from nature, and puts them at risk for obesity and unhealthy eating habits. Children who have unlimited screen time or obsessive amounts of screen time are more likely to have depression and or anxiety. As stated by Michael Price, “Researchers have returned to data and looked for a correlation between screen time and depressive symptoms. They found that...
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...shown that the effects of aromatherapy may have health benefits that include relief from anxiety and depression, improved quality of life, and improved sleep. In order to prove if these claims are scientifically valid, though, an experiment must be conducted. However, this may prove difficult because it is impossible to eliminate the placebo effect as a confound. Like mentioned before, aromatherapy has been supposedly linked to anxiety and depression relief, as well as improved sleep. Smaller studies have also discovered that lavender oil specifically helps to reduce osteoarthritis pain, lessen the symptoms of dementia, and reduce kidney stone pain. The essential oils can be inhaled, directly or indirectly, or applied to the skin by means of lotions or bath salts. Some oils can also be taken orally. Aromatherapy is proposed to work by stimulating the olfactory receptors in the nose, which then send messages to the part of the brain that controls emotion. This then triggers an overwhelming...
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...experienced some sort of anxiety feeling before an important event, such as an important exam, going on the 1st date, going on the roller coaster for the 1st time, and etc. during their lifetime. When this anxiety start to be an overwhelming thought in a person’s mind and causes nightmares, fears, and panic attacks, it becomes an illness, called anxiety disorder. It is the fear, apprehension, and often the expectation of unspecified danger. It is considered a normal natural response used everyday to figure out whether a situation is dangerous or not. How to differentiate a normal anxiety form an abnormal disorder: The intensity of the anxiety; whether or not the anxiety matches the circumstance. The length of the anxiety is inappropriate to what is causing the anxiety. Adequately respond to make a decision in what to do in that our body has alarm us to some danger. Anxiety is a total normal thing and is experienced daily. But when you have consistent anxiety you should start to worry. Anxiety is a reaction to stressful situations that helps rather than hinders daily functions. If we didn’t have anxiety we wouldn’t be motivated to do certain things in life that could be a good accomplishment or help us out. Anxiety Disorder is defined as the occurrence of anxiety without obvious external cause, intruding on daily functioning. Now I will discuss Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Generalized Anxiety Disorder is the experience of long-term anxiety with no explanation. Symptoms...
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...Anxiety is a normal part of living as a human being. Whether it is a result of a big test going on, the moment leading up to riding a roller coaster, or having a significant conversation with someone important, everyone experiences anxiety at different points of their lives. Usually some anxiety and nerves are normal and can even be beneficial in aiding in certain tasks. However, in some cases, people have more anxiety than the normal healthy amount. This is often explained as an anxiety disorder, which can often be accompanied by depression and together can wreck havoc on an individuals well being. There are many different factors that contribute to developing an anxiety disorder, such as: parental guidance, place in the household, peers,...
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...percent of teenagers in the United States endure some kind of anxiety disorder some time in their life? According to the New York Times, over the last decade, anxiety has overtaken depression as the most common reason students pursue counseling services. Also, the number of hospital admissions for suicidal teenagers has doubled, with the highest rates occurring soon after they return to school each fall. With the numerous challenges students already encounter because of pressure from school, athletics, and social interaction, anxiety disorders can create even more unnecessary stress. Fears: As you can see, more and more students around the United States are experiencing anxiety in the school environment....
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...In a society that pressures individuals to look like stars on magazine covers, graduate college with high GPA’s, and make enough money to live a lifestyle most of us will only see in movies and TV shows, 19.2 million people will suffer from social anxiety disorders. Sure, not all cases of shyness or anxiety are caused from these factors, but I believe they’re certainly adding to the numbers. As we evaluate a phobia which generates $42 billion a year, it begs the question “Are we a society of anxiety?” (Healthyplace) In order to answer the question, first we must understand the differences between shyness and social anxiety/phobia. Shyness is defined as being reserved or having/showing nervousness. Others sources define shyness as a feeling of guilt apprehension, or lack of confidence experienced in regard to social association with others. (WebMD) Due to every human being different, shyness triggers may apply to some people and not others. It is estimated that ninety percent of the American population will experience some sort of shyness. However, forty percent of the population will experience shyness that presents a serious problem in their lives. (ADAA) Some of the situations that may trigger shyness include eating, drinking, writing, or working in front of others, being the center of attention, interacting with people, including dating or going to parties, using public toilets, being introduced to other people, being teased or criticized, meeting people in authority, and...
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...1 Serotonin Christian Johnson Johnson2 Serotonin Serotonin is a chemical found in the body of humans, animals and plants, throughout the body that carries signals along and between nerve cells. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is believed to promote a feeling of happiness and help treat depression. Many medications are used to increase the amount of serotonin to help battle depression and anxiety. Serotonin can be found in many parts of body, having different functions in each area, Serotonin plays a crucial role wherever it is found. The chemical serotonin doesn’t have just one function because it is synthesized in throughout the body including, the brain, gut and placenta. Serotonin is widely recognized for the role it plays in affiliation with a person’s mood, this function takes place in the brain. Happiness, anxiety and depression are due to the serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin’s functions are not just limited to the brain, it also affects bone density. High levels of serotonin in bones can lead to an increase in osteoporosis. In the arteries, sertononin is a vasoconstrictor, which is a substance that causes the muscle in the blood vessels to contract. As previously stated, Serotonin is synthesized in many parts of the body. In each area this chemical is synthesized, it has a different function. Serotonin is synthesized from an amino acid called tryptophan. Over 95 percent of the body’s serotonin is synthesized in the gut. “Serotonin from the gut keeps...
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...Diagnostic Testing 1. Beck Anxiety Inventory 3 Description: 4 Rationale: 4 Personnel, Training, Administration, and Scoring Requirements: 5 Population Used to Develop Measure 5 What Are The Symptoms Of An Anxiety Attack? 5 The Beck Anxiety Inventory of the 21 most common symptoms: 5 Scoring: 6 Interpretation of score 6 Psychometric Properties: 7 Reliability: 7 Validity 7 Advantages: 8 Disadvantages: 9 Suggested Uses: 9 Beck Anxiety Inventory used in Pakistani Settings 10 2. Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS) 11 Rating: 11 Purpose 11 Use in the field 12 Scale 12 Scoring 12 Criteria for interpretation 12 Versions 12 Psychometric Properties 13 Applied in different researches 14 3. Hamilton Depression Scale 15 Description/Purpose 15 Use in the field 15 Scale 16 Criteria for interpretation 16 Psychometric properties 16 Applied in different researches 18 Correlations among Depression Rating Scales and A Self-Rating Anxiety Scale In Depressive Outpatients 18 Limitations 19 4. Adaptive Behavior Assessment System Second Edition 19 Rationale: 20 What’s New in ABAS–II 20 ABAS–II Rating Forms 21 Scores Reported 22 Sample Items: 22 Psychometric Properties: 23 Standardization 23 Validity 25 Advantages of Using ABAS–II 25 Adaptive behaviour assessment system in Pakistan: 26 5. Symptom Assessment-45 26 Purpose: 26 Description: 26 SA-45 Scales: 27 Psychometric properties: 28 Reliability and Validity:...
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...Psychiatric disorders, diseases, and drugs Psychological disorders and diseases are common among people throughout the world as well as it being a common situation people also have to suffer or deal with the consequences. Psychological disorders are disorders that can be consider malfunctions of the brain that interrupt or interfere with their daily living. Many people have suffered with different disorders and diseases such as schizophrenia, depression, mania, anxiety disorder and Tourette syndrome. There are some treatments of psychological disorders that range from cognitive or behavioral therapy to medication treatment. Research has shown that some psychological disorders can be passed down from generation to future generations. Through research it has been proven that mental disorders can often be related to violence or higher rates of aggression. Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that makes it difficult to tell the difference between real and unreal experiences, to think logically, to have normal emotional responses and to behave normally in social situations. Commonly associated with the concept of madness, schizophrenia attacks about 1% of people of all races and cultural groups that typically begins in the adolescence stages of life or early adulthood (Pinel, 2009). When being diagnosed with schizophrenia, psychiatrists are guided by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) which is produced by the American Psychiatric Association...
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...All individuals in our society are not the same whether it be our race, culture, ethnicity or religion. However besides our backgrounds, there’s something eternally deeper that makes individuals different, and that is Mental Illness. Social Work in Mental Illness is a serious issue throughout the United States. Many suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder and face consequences in families, individuals, and society. The world’s main issue is that many people are not seeking treatment for it. There are several resources and services for individuals with mental illness such as the development of new medications, treatments, and community-based services. Back in the day, people diagnosed biologically with a mental illness didn’t have sufficient...
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...Definitions of Abnormality Defining a person or behaviour as ‘abnormal’ implies something undesirable and requiring change Therefore, we must be careful how we use the term Psychologists need methods for distinguishing ‘normal’ from ‘abnormal’ Our definition of abnormality must be objective: * It must not depend on anyone’s opinion or point of view * It should produce the same results whoever applies it It must not be under or over-inclusive * It must not label as ‘abnormal’ or ‘normal’ behaviours or traits that aren’t Three definitions are used to define abnormality: * Deviation from social norms * Failure to function adequately * Deviation from ideal mental health Deviation from social norms Under this definition, a person’s thinking or behaviour is classified as abnormal if it violates the (unwritten) rules about what is expected or acceptable behaviour in a particular social group. Their behaviour may: * Be incomprehensible to others * Make others feel threatened or uncomfortable With this definition, it is necessary to consider: * The degree to which a norm is violated, the importance of that norm and the value attached by the social group to different sorts of violation. * E.g. is the violation rude, eccentric, abnormal or criminal? Abnormality is defined in terms of behavior which goes against societies accepted standards Different societies have different standards Standards change over time Strengths Should be easy...
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...Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes in the Mexican Population ´ ´ ´ ´ Carlos Tovilla-Zarate1,5*, Isela Juarez-Rojop2, Yesenia Peralta Jimenez1, Marıa Antonia Jimenez1, 1 1 1 3 ´ ´ ´ ˜ ´ Silvia Vazquez , Deysi Bermudez-Ocana , Teresa Ramon-Frıas , Alma D. Genis Mendoza , Sherezada ´ ´ ´ Pool Garcıa4, Lilia Lopez Narvaez5 ´ ´ ´ ´mica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Me ´xico, 2 Universidad Juarez Autonoma de ´ ´ 1 Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Division Acade ´ ´ ´xico, 3 Servicios de Atencion Psiquia ´ ´trica, Secretarıa de Salud. Me ´xico D. F., Me ´xico, ´ Tabasco, Division Academica de Ciencias de la Salud, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Me ´xico, 5 Centro de Investigacion Genomica, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico ´ ´ ´ ´ 4 Hospital General de Comalcalco, Tabasco. Secretarıa de Salud, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Me Abstract Background: Depression and anxiety are common in diabetic patients; however, in recent years the frequency of these symptoms has markedly increased worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the frequency and factors associated with depression and anxiety, since they can be responsible for premature morbidity, mortality, risk of developing comorbidities, complications, suffering of patients, as well as escalation of costs. We studied the frequency of depression and anxiety in Mexican outpatients with type 2 diabetes and identified the risk factors for depression and anxiety. Methods and Findings:...
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...only occasionally, Person B faces these challenges on the daily or even hourly basis. And as unfortunate as it is, I identify with Person B. Anxiety is one of the main mental illnesses that I struggle with on a daily basis. Anxiety is like having someone beside you telling you that you forgot to do something even though you did it or reminding you that you're not good enough for someone or something. It is as if it is taking control of your brain and shoving fear and worry to the front of your mind. Anxiety is not something that is scheduled to appear, it just happens to appear at the most inconvenient times. It is also uncontrollable, even though medications may suppress it for a while you can never know when anxiety will occur. Unfortunately, every word that I speak or action that I take is shortly followed by anxiety, causing me to live in constant fear. However, that's just one of the daily challenges....
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...be caused by a couple of reasons, but for most part it is caused by work or business obligation. While most people who are currently experiencing the reason for the difficulty of this situation they also realize that this is also necessary for their family to maintain status, quality of life and stability. Even so it can take its toll for all the people involved depending on the situation. The three effects that distance can cause on a relationship are stress, separation anxiety, and depression. When loved one leaves for a long period of time it can become very stressful for both parties. It is an interruption in their normal routine and will have to adjust to this change for the time being...
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