...Death Penalty Abolishment Jason Martin CJA/394 August 24, 2015 B. Hale Death Penalty Abolishment The issue of the death penalty and its Constitutionality has been an area of debate in the United States for years. When looking at it from a global standpoint it becomes even more controversial, many other countries consider the practice to be barbarian. A US Supreme Court ruling on the subject, declaring it unconstitutional has led to states being required to change their existing laws in order to eliminate it. The main problem seems to be that the population in each state may have a different take on whether it is good or bad for society. The death penalty remains the definitive, unalterable rejection of human rights. By working in the direction of the abolition of the death penalty on a global level, organizations goals to terminate the series of violence generated thru a method riddled with financial and ethnic prejudice and stained by hu20man inaccuracy. The death penalty places innocent people at risk. ("The Facts: 13 Reasons To Oppose The Death Penalty", 2015). Ever since the restoration of the death penalty in the United States in 1976, 138 not guilty males and females have been free from death row, containing individuals who came in moments of execution. In Missouri, Texas and Virginia inquiries have been started to decide if those places executed guiltless males. The unlawful killing of a guiltless individual is a wrong that can under no circumstances be mended...
Words: 1842 - Pages: 8
...countries in the debate. Some oppose this form of punishment based on moral and judicial grounds. These grounds include wrongful conviction base on DNA tests. Other grounds include wrongful conviction based on race. Those supporting death penalty argue that death penalty creates a feeling of safety since it instills fear in potential criminals. They also hold that those convicted despite their race actually did the crime they are convicted for. Some countries like Canada and New Zealand do not believe in the administration of death penalty as a means of punishment. Therefore, until today there is no agreed provision used by the judiciary to reach at a decision of such cases. United States, China and Japan among other countries believe that death penalty is a favorable sentence. United States has authorized death penalty in most federal governments, including the military. Some of the methods used in death penalty include the electric chair. Most of these procedures used in death penalty have been considered to be violating constitutional rights. Though fewer legislatures have been made to change these procedures, death penalty should be abolished. This is the position that is appropriate and offer should be supported. It is a racist tool of criminal punishment. Evidences explaining the reasons against this issue are clearly highlighted in the issue. The arguments behind the support of death penalty as a criminal punishment tool are at no point strong enough to be supported...
Words: 2146 - Pages: 9
...Capital Punishment: A Historic Review Since the dawn of man, punishment has been an active part of society’s cultural structure designed to teach society members about morally acceptable behavior and attempts to promote progress and harmony among its citizens. Punishment can be categorized into four forms: retribution, deterrence, incapacitation and rehabilitation. Retribution argues that perpetrators of crimes should be punished by imposing a level of pain or punishment equal to or greater than the pain suffered by the victim. Deterrence can be further classified into two forms: general and specific. General deterrence seeks to influence individuals prior to the commission of a crime through fear of the known penalty. Specific deterrence focuses on seeking to impose punishment on the individual for lesser crimes in attempts to deter repeating or escalating criminal behavior. Incapacitation serves to remove individuals from society to ensure the safety of its members [3]. Capital punishment, commonly referred to as the death penalty, is the most extreme form of punishment imposed on an individual. It is currently defined as “the execution of a convicted criminal as punishment for the most serious of crimes [2]. Despite its current definition, its use throughout history has not always been so clearly defined and limiting. This paper will serve to discuss capital punishment and its application across time and the world. Application and Evolution Even before recorded history...
Words: 2947 - Pages: 12
...The central question is whether capital punishment should be retained or abolished worldwide. While the death penalty continues to be used today, most countries have eliminated it in their criminal justice systems. One substantial country that continues to use the death penalty is America. Capital punishment is significant because it permits individuals to be killed lawfully. The death penalty carries enormous power around the legal system in addition to the persons that are accused of serious crimes. The purpose of this paper is to find out the diverse arguments surrounding capital punishment that has led some countries against it and others for it? This will be done by...
Words: 1851 - Pages: 8
...The Abolishment of Capital Punishment Desmond Tutu, a South African activist, once famously said, "To take a life when a life has been lost is revenge, not justice." I cannot emphasize enough how much I concur with his statement, and how much I feel against the death sentence. After all, it clearly sends out the wrong message: Why kill people who kill people to show that killing is wrong1? The use of capital punishment, frequently known as the death penalty, has extended to the beginning of recorded history. Used by nearly all societies, it has served as a punishment for the most heinous of crimes; ranging from murder to rape, from treason to espionage and even corruption2(Yes, in China!). Through the years, capital punishment has evolved and there were extensive movements towards a less painful and more humane execution. However, can the use of capital punishment ever be justified? There is no doubt it has served its duty of crime deterrence(partly), but I deeply believe that it is time we walk out of the dark history of mankind and into civilisation. As a Singaporean, I am ashamed to say that capital punishment is still legal in my country. Just last year, four people were sentenced to the gallows; two for murder and the other two for drugtrafficking. Despite pressing calls from the public to abolish the death penalty, the government has repeatedly reiterated its position, saying that ‘it is only reserved for very serious crimes3.’ Until the time when capital punishment is abolished...
Words: 1559 - Pages: 7
...Flagler College History and Evolution of the Death Penalty in the United States Ethics of Judiciary and Sociology of Criminal Law The history of the death penalty is tumultuous, from the punishment being initiated to abolished, and then reinstated. The death penalty, initiated in the United States in 1622, continues to be exploited by 32 states, regardless of its integrity and use to discourage people from committing serious crimes. It is now being eroded again and the abolition of the death penalty seems to be inevitable. One problem with the death penalty is that it has been shown that many people have been executed when they have not committed the crime. Since 1973, hundreds of innocent people have been released from death row, after the evidence that sentenced them to death was found to be inaccurate. Many of these innocent people were victims of wrongful convictions based on confused witnesses, mistakes by lawyers and inaccurate forensics, while the person actually responsible for the crime was still free. Cases involving DNA evidence in court, such as Ray Krone's case, can be denied access even if life and death are on the ropes. Found guilty, Krone was sentenced to death for rape and murder in Arizona, even though DNA found on the victim did not correlate with his. Arizona argued that no submission of DNA evidence could interfere with the jury decision. A decade later, without a court order, a crime lab worker identified the person who actually committed the...
Words: 2123 - Pages: 9
...looking forward to their execution, and some are dreading it. What exactly is the death penalty? To some it may be freedom once carried out, and to others it is retribution, a political tool, a means for producing money, or a deterrent for future crimes. It is important that the United States come to some conclusion so we can end the death penalty debate; we want the truth, not assumptions that can be argued to no end. This paper will discuss the ins and outs of the death penalty, why it has created much debate, why it is not a deterrent of murder, and that it is mostly used as a political tool. There have been many studies done to both effects; the death penalty deters crime, or it does not deter crime because the previous studies were flawed. First presented is a brief history to better understand where the death penalty comes from. The next section will discuss the modern approaches to the death penalty including landmark cases that changed the way the death penalty is executed in the United States. Following this section is an explanation of deterrence and its effects, and other controversies that exist. Finally the paper will discuss the death penalty as a political tool, and why we should remedy the debates once and for all by abolishing the death penalty. There will be many studies discussed for and against the death penalty, however to introduce a different approach to this greatly researched topic, this paper will analyze the gubernatorial races from...
Words: 5088 - Pages: 21
...Penalty in the United States Rebecca Bartley ENC3211-Report Writing Professor Johnson June 8, 2013 Death Penalty 2 Abstract Death penalty has had so many changes in the last 300 years many states still use the death penalty. There are many states that are abolishing it for any number of different reasons. Many now believe the death penalty is unconstitutional and also cruel and unusual punishment and it should no longer be used. Many believe life in prison is a better remedy than putting someone to death. Keywords: Death Penalty Death Penalty 3 The Death Penalty in the United States: How it has changed over years. The death penalty policies and ideas have changed from state to state over the last ten (10) years. Each state is now making the chose on whether to have or use the death penalty, or to abolish it for any number of reasons. There are a couple of reasons that the death penalty is being abolished: (1) the first would be that many states are starting to believe that it’s unconstitutional; and (2) the death penalty is being used less and less, there are more inmates who are sitting on death row for many years. “New Mexico repeated the death penalty in 2009, and replacing it with a sentence of life without the possibility of parole” (NM repeal, 2012).”With this new Mexico was the last state to implement true life without parole, and in the last five (5) years, five (5) states have repealed the death penalty, these states would be: (1)...
Words: 3186 - Pages: 13
...Rome's rise to world power in the course of his own lifetime. As an outsider, Polybius may have misinterpreted Rome's imperialistic moves in the Mediterranean, and he may have exaggerated the organizational genius of the Republic and its leaders. However, his famous analysis of Rome's "mixed constitution" has influenced political thinkers for centuries, and it was standard reading in the Age of Enlightenment, when the American Constitution was created. It is important to remember, however, that the Roman Republic, unlike that of the United States, did not have a standard document that could be used as a reference; the word "constitution" in Rome's case was meant in a general, non-textual sense, as the "make-up" or "organization" of Rome's public affairs. Source: Polybius, Historiarum reliquiae (Paris: Didot, 1839), VI, iii-xvii, 338-48, passim; trans. and condensed by Henry A. Myers. ________________________________________ With those Greek states which have often risen to greatness and then experienced a complete change of fortune, it is easy to describe their past and to predict their future. For there is no difficulty in reporting the known facts, and it is not hard to fore¬tell the future by inference from the past. But it is no simple matter to...
Words: 2140 - Pages: 9
...supervision increased or decreased from 2000 to 2009?” Answer: INCREASED - the majority of people in the corrections system are on PROBATION - Percentage breakdowns for types of offences: 9% Public Disorder (35% federal) DUI, indecent exposure, drunken disorderly, prostitution, etc. 18% Drug Offence (51% federal) 19% Property Offense (less than 10% federal) 53% Violent Offenses (less than 10% federal) - Regions highest to lowest South West Midwest Fed? North East - Top 5 States Federal Texas California Florida New York Notes From Ch. 1 in Textbook- - Penology the study of the use of punishment for criminal acts - Penitentiary typically used to describe older or highly secure prisons; first term used to describe secure facilities to hold criminals - Corrections the range of community and institutional sanctions, treatment programs, and services for managing criminal offenders - Gaols English system of jails - Walnut Street Jail first penitentiary in the united states -Pennsylvania System the “separate and Silent” system...
Words: 4157 - Pages: 17
...It should be perfectly clear that the Quran is only authentic in its original language, Arabic. Since perfect translation of the Quran is impossible, the term Translation of the Meaning of the Quran (TMQ) has been used, as the result is only a crude meaning of the Arabic text. Sayings of Prophet Muhammad (saw) appear in bold swt - subhanahu wa taala saw - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam ra - radhi allaho anha AH - After Hijrah CE - Common Era Printed and Bound by- De-Luxe Printers, London NW10 7NR. website: http://www.de-luxe.com email: de-luxe@talk21.com ii Contents The struggle between Islam and Kufr The conspiracies of the European countries against the Islamic State Arousing the nationalist chauvinism and the separatist tendencies The missionary and the cultural invasion The attempt at introducing the Western constitutional rules Adopting the Western laws The impact of the cultural and legislative invasion The Allies attempt at enticing Jamal Pasha Mustafa Kemal works towards the withdrawal of the State from the war and the signing of a peace treaty The capitulation of the Ottoman State The British attempt to destroy the Khilafah through political and legal actions The British alter the political and legal style Britain backs the rebellion of Mustafa Kemal The first phase in Mustafa Kemals rebellion Mustafa Kemal adopts Ankara as his centre Mustafa Kemals return to the rebellion through a second phase The Ankara government gets settled and other states deal...
Words: 68220 - Pages: 273
...What ISIS Really Wants What is the Islamic State? Where did it come from, and what are its intentions? The simplicity of these questions can be deceiving, and few Western leaders seem to know the answers. In December, The New York Times published confidential comments by Major General Michael K. Nagata, the Special Operations commander for the United States in the Middle East, admitting that he had hardly begun figuring out the Islamic State’s appeal. “We have not defeated the idea,” he said. “We do not even understand the idea.” In the past year, President Obama has referred to the Islamic State, variously, as “not Islamic” and as al-Qaeda’s “jayvee team,” statements that reflected confusion about the group, and may have contributed to significant strategic errors. The group seized Mosul, Iraq, last June, and already rules an area larger than the United Kingdom. Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi has been its leader since May 2010, but until last summer, his most recent known appearance on film was a grainy mug shot from a stay in U.S. captivity at Camp Bucca during the occupation of Iraq. Then, on July 5 of last year, he stepped into the pulpit of the Great Mosque of al-Nuri in Mosul, to deliver a Ramadan sermon as the first caliph in generations—upgrading his resolution from grainy to high-definition, and his position from hunted guerrilla to commander of all Muslims. The inflow of jihadists that followed, from around the world, was unprecedented in its pace and volume...
Words: 10928 - Pages: 44
...Management Theory Introduction and Main Points Civilization is the product of those who came before us. The evolution of modern management thinking begins in the nineteenth century and flourished during the twentieth. The twentieth century has witnessed a revolution in management theory ranging from classical theory to the Japanese management approach. Today's management theory is the result of the interdisciplinary efforts of many people. The Founders The beginning of the modern organization occurred primarily during the middle of the nineteenth century with the rise of the factory system, principally in the textile industry, where automation and mass production became the cornerstone of productivity. Management thinking, however, was slow to evolve during the century. The need existed to define what management was in the first instance as well as to operationalize it in meaningful terms for an organization. During this period two principal management theorists took up this challenge and emerged as the so-called Pre-Classicists of management thought. Pre-Classicists In the nineteenth century, Robert Owen and Charles Babbage seriously addressed the quest for the development of management theory. Owen was an entrepreneur and social reformer while Babbage was a noted mathematician with a strong managerial interest. Robert Owen (1771-1858) Robert Owen's ideas stemmed from his ownership of a cotton mill in New Lanark, Scotland where he developed a strong interest in the welfare...
Words: 7041 - Pages: 29
...Introduction The idea of introducing a flat consumption based Goods and Services Tax (GST) in Malaysia has been floated since 1989. It now seems as though this may become a reality in the 2014 Budget, with implementation beginning within 18 to 24 months at an initial rate of 4 % on the supply chain. The plan to overhaul the tax system has begun to gain momentum as the government deals with an increasingly weak economic outlook, combined with global uncertainty. While not at the emergency levels of many advanced Western European economies, Malaysia has not run a structural budget surplus since the Asian Financial Crisis hit in 1997. Federal government debt as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) currently sits at 55.4 %.1 For the time being, this is manageable, but it is the government’s ability to reign this spending in, as well as lack of budgetary reform that has led ratings agency Fitch to downgrade Malaysia’s credit outlook to negative this year. The government’s recent 20 sen cut to the fuel subsidy and increasing speculation of a GST framework to be included in the upcoming budget can be seen as evidence that they are trying to remedy both structural and cyclical economic challenges. Furthermore, for far too long there has been an overdependence on the revenue generated from oil and gas dividends, which currently account for over a third of total government revenues. 2 A GST offers a single unified system where the tax burden is equally shared between the services...
Words: 6974 - Pages: 28
...FLUCTUATES MORE THAN THE OTHER INTEREST RATES AND IS LOWER ON AVERAGE. THE INTEREST RATE ON BAA CORPORATE BONDS IS HIGHER ON AVERAGE THAN THE OTHER INTEREST RATES. 2. The lower price for a firm’s shares means that it can raise a smaller amount of funds, so investment in facilities and equipment will fall. 3. Higher stock prices mean that consumers’ wealth is higher, and they will be more likely to increase their spending. 4. They channel funds from people who do not have a productive use for them to people who do, thereby resulting in higher economic efficiency. 5. The United States economy was hit by the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. Defaults in subprime residential mortgages led to major losses in financial institutions, producing not only numerous bank failures, but also the demise of two of the largest investment banks in the United States. These factors led to the “Great Recession” which began late in 2007. 6. The basic activity of banks is to accept deposits and make loans. 7. Savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, credit unions, insurance companies, mutual funds, pension funds, and finance companies. 8. Answers will vary. 9. In the period from 2007 to 2011, both inflation and interest rates have generally trended downward compared to before that period. 10. The data in Figures 3, 5, and 6 suggest that real output, the inflation rate, and interest rates would all fall. ...
Words: 46188 - Pages: 185
