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Should We Be Machines' Allies?

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Should we be the machines’ allies?

History is repeating itself in another different way, let me explain. The industrial revolution affected the society in many ways-­‐ positively and negatively. People were afraid of lose their jobs for the machines; technological progress was a threat for them, especially for textile workers. However, labor’s share of GDP remained constant throughout this era -­‐ this happened because the high productivity of the machines dropped the prices of products become them cheaper and easier accessible to the workers; real income increases as firms could pay more to the employers-­‐ men and women. Now, in the New Machine Age 1 what is happening is that people are being replaced by computers and new technologies that are more productive and cheaper than humans. As such, unemployment are increasing in much of the rich world (and not just for cyclical reasons) and one of the consequences is a decrease in labor’s share of output (from 65% to 59%)2 -­‐ this means that the number of active workers that are contributing for the country’s production has been decreasing. The parallel between these eras is the change that people has to do in their mind, routines and lives. People from today have to invest on knowledge creation instead of physical production and improve skills that computers do not have: managerial expertise, “creation and social skills”3; and these ones can always be improved by humans. The main difference between the revolutions is the situation of the society; nowadays, people already taught and in most of the cases their studies are run out due to innovation and technology that take jobs in, for example, services sector, one of the most sectors affected. However, another difference is the reaction and the capacity of accommodate the change. It means that people can, through innovation and technologies, take advantage of them and learn how to be versatile and groundbreaking -­‐ no time to me timid4. Like the increases of the number of people that creates a digital start-­‐up with innovative ideas such as Facebook, Twitter, and Amazon… These people do not had afraid of the alliance with innovation and shaped theirs successful destiny. Thereby, I think, like the authors of Race Against the Machine, that society needs to ally with the new technologies because better team work, amongst human and machines, can beat a human or a machine alones. For that, governments has to educate systems, reorganize our societies, organizations and perhaps all the economic system for the welfare of populations do not get worse and encourage population to work with the new technology. Thus, history is repeating itself in terms of change, but

1

Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, Race Against the Machine (2011).

“Coming to an office near you”, “The Economist”, January 18th, 2014. 3 Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, “THE FUTURE OF EMPLOYMENT: HOW SUSCEPTIBLE ARE JOBS TO COMPUTERISATION?”, University of Oxford, http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/ nd academic/The_Future_of_Employment.pdf (accessed March 2 , 2014).

2, 4

every change is different (which can be good if it increase the global welfare), by many new eras that will be appearing.

References: -­‐
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Brynjolfsson, Eric and McAfee, Andrew. Race Against the Machine (2011). “Coming to an office near you…” The Economist (2014) Skidelsky, Robert. “Death to machines?” Project Syndicate. http://www.project-­‐syndicate.org/commentary/robert-­‐skidelsky-­‐revisits-­‐the-­‐ luddites-­‐-­‐claim-­‐that-­‐automation-­‐depresses-­‐real-­‐wages (accessed March 1st, 2014) Frey, Carl Benedikt and. Osborne, Michael A, “THE FUTURE OF EMPLOYMENT: HOW SUSCEPTIBLE ARE JOBS TO COMPUTERISATION?”, University of Oxford, http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/The_Future_of_Empl oyment.pdf (accessed March 2nd, 2014) Rotman, David, “How Technology Is Destroying Jobs”, MIT Technology Review. http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/515926/how-­‐technology-­‐is-­‐ destroying-­‐jobs/ (accessed March 2nd, 2014) Brynjolfsson, Erich. Tedx “The Key to growth? Race with the machines” ttp://www.ted.com/talks/erik_brynjolfsson_the_key_to_growth_race_em_wit h_em_the_machines (accessed March 3rd 2014) Torgovnick May, Kate. “Race with the machines: Erik Brynjolfsson at TED2013” http://blog.ted.com/2013/02/26/race-­‐with-­‐the-­‐machines-­‐erik-­‐brynjolfsson-­‐at-­‐ ted2013/ (accessed March 3rd 2014)

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