...choices without affecting the welfare of the public around me.There are some choices of adults (those 18 years and above) however, that affect the welfare of people around them. This is the crime of SMOKERS!! Have you ever had an enjoyable meal at a restaurant interrupted by the whiff of cigarette smoke? These people must be so addicted to nicotine that they can’t stay away from the cigarette for an entire meal. Some restaurants have smoking and non- smoking areas but does that even make sense since smoke travels through air. Smoking areas must be enclosed, don’t you think? For the life of me, I do not understand why people should need to smoke in the first place. There is nothing good that comes out of it. You stand the risk of contracting coronary heart disease, mouth and throat cancer, lung cancer, not to mention bad breath and discoloured teeth. So why do people take to the cigarette? Azmi, 24, started smoking when he was at college in London to further his studies. Most of his English friends smoked and he started doing it to fit in. Smoking also helped him keep awake when he had to burn the midnight oil for his examinations. He got addicted from then on. Vega, 35, says that he comes from a family of smokers. His father and uncles smoked all the time and he found himself picking up the habit at the age of 19. Stella, 29, confesses she smokes when she is anxious and stressed. Some people smoke out of addiction while others smoke when they have to manage unpleasant situations...
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...1. According to this article, what do you think is the purpose of the study? (25-30 words) The purpose of this study is to allow the researchers to observe health trends more closely and get latest information about Singaporean’s health, lifestyle and their habits ("NUS to conduct Singapore Health 2012 survey," 2012). (27 words) 2. In paragraph 2, the “Singapore Health 2012” survey “aims to reach more than 3,000 participants”. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a survey method? (150-250 words) There are many advantages and disadvantages of a survey method. The advantages of a survey method are that it lets researchers to gather a significant number of data in a short period time and is less expensive compare to most of the other data collection methods. In addition, survey can also collect information on variety of things, including personal facts, attitudes, past behaviors and opinions (Cherry, n.d.). Moreover, if there is a very large sample size, it will make the results statistically important even when exploring several variables (CSU, 2012). The disadvantage of a survey method is that it must be properly managed; the result of poor survey construction and administration can render the survey useless. Also, the answers provided on a survey may not be accurate of how the person truly feels. The response rates of a survey can bias the results of it (Cherry, n.d.). Besides, it may be hard for the person to remember information or to state the face about...
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...not done its job properly. In this essay, we are going to talk about two approaches to crime control: deterrence and retribution. Deterrence is the use of punishment as a threat to deter people from offending or committing crimes. We think that deterrence is very successful due to two reasons. First, it represents as a yardstick to prevent people from breaking the laws. For example, in Singapore they use deterrence in their country and we think that it is very effective. In a picture taken by Mr. Steve Bennett, “A sign present in most MRTs in Singapore, banning food/drink, flammable liquid, smoking. . . .” (Bennett, 2005). Steve’s picture tells us that you cannot smoke or bring flammable liquid when you are in Singapore’s Mass Rapid Transit system. By doing so, you will be fined ranging from $500 to $1000. Nobody wants to lose $1000 because he/she is smoking in Singapore’s MRTs. As you can see, if the deterrent laws are strongly enforced, it will prevent people from breaking the laws. Second, deterrent laws can change people’s behaviors. Nowadays, when it comes to traffic laws in Singapore, people are very cautious. For instance, there are penalties for a pillion riding...
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...the researcher to only make questions that are common enough so that its negligibly appropriate for all respondents and maybe causing many respondents to miss out on what is most suitable for them (CSU, 2012). Survey methods are disadvantageous as some respondents might have difficulty remembering some information or to be even honest about a provocative question (CSU, 2012). 3) The benefits of this study are that it can help to observe health trends much more effectively (CNA, 2012). It also helps to keep watch and understand the different patterns in important physical conditions and physical conditions behaviour (CNA, 2012). The benefits of this study also helps researchers to quickly understand how health issues like obesity and smoking are...
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...Smoking is a practice in which a substance, most commonly tobacco, is burned and the smoke is tasted or inhaled. This is primarily practised as a route of administration for recreational drug use, as combustion releases the active substances in drugs such as nicotine and makes them available for absorption through the lungs. It can also be done as a part of rituals, to induce trances and spiritual enlightenment. The most common method of smoking today is through cigarettes, primarily industrially manufactured but also hand-rolled from loose tobacco and rolling paper. Other smoking implements include pipes, cigars, bidis, hookahs, vaporizers, and bongs. It has been suggested that smoking-related disease kills one half of all long term smokers but these diseases may also be contracted by non-smokers. A 2007 report states that, each year, about 4.9 million people worldwide die as a result of smoking.[1] Smoking is one of the most common forms of recreational drug use. Tobacco smoking is today by far the most popular form of smoking and is practiced by over one billion people in the majority of all human societies. Less common drugs for smoking include cannabis and opium. Some of the substances are classified as hard narcotics, like heroin, but the use of these is very limited as they are often not commercially available. The history of smoking can be dated to as early as 5000 BC, and has been recorded in many different cultures across the world. Early smoking evolved in...
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...Control Law, the city council passed its Comprehensive Anti -Smoking Ordinance in 2002 and has actively promoted and enforced it. This case study examines Davao’s smoke-free agenda and how it has been implemented. It discusses the impact of the law and lessons learned. Davao City is a sprawling metropolis located in the Southern part of the Philippines. Covering 2,444 square kilometres, it is one of the largest cities by area in the world. It has a population of about 1.4 million -71% of which live in urban areas. With a predominantly migrant population, the city has a diversity of cultures that includes many migrants from Luzon (Tagalogs) and Visayas (Cebuanos and Ilonggos) and at least 10 Indigenous Peoples (tribal groups). Economically, the city has grown steadily over the last two decades with high levels of inward investment in the last 10 years. With the presence of the country’s top 200 companies in the city, Davao City has a mixed economy incorporating agricultural, service and industrial sectors. Davao City Government leaders from seven Asean member-countries have formed an observers’ mission here to take lessons on how the city government implements its own brand of a no-smoking ordinance, after this city gained prominence when it strictly enforced a similar ban 10 years ago. Dr. Domilyn Villareiz, chief of the anti-smoking unit of the city, said all 10 Asean countries, except Brunei Darusallam, Singapore and Myanmar are expected to be in the city by July, which...
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...CHAPTER 1 The Problem and Its Background Introduction Tobacco smoking or cigarette smoking is the practice of burning cigarette, taking the smoke into the mouth and then releasing it. This practice dates back as early as 5,000 – 3,000 B.C. but was introduced to Eurasia in the late 17th century where it has also been a commonly traded product. The practice received speculations and a lot of criticisms since it was first introduced but it somehow made its way inside the society and became widespread upon the invention of automated cigarette-rolling apparatus. The tobacco has been first introduced to other countries before reaching the Philippines. The idea of smoking tobacco first came from the Arawak Indians in 1492 that was noticed by Christopher Columbus. Seven years later, Amerigo Vespucci found out that the inhabitants in an island near Venezuela have already been practicing chewing dried leaves. In 1591, Mexico has already been growing tobacco at an increasing rate. It was believed that the tobacco was introduced by the Spaniards and Portuguese to mainland Europe, East Indies and Asia while they are on an expedition for searching for spices and spreading Christianity. Cigarette smoking became one of the highly sought after vice in the Philippines because of the affordable price of each stick ranging from seventy-five centavos to 2 pesos each, depending on its brand. The Philippine government came up with an idea of increasing the taxes imposed upon alcoholic...
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...International Public Relations Plan Sally’s Soups & Salad – Expansion to Singapore Public Relations (International) 340 Executive Summary In order for a company to penetrate into a new international market, it is crucial for companies to have sufficient knowledge on the current situation of the particular overseas market. In conjunction with penetration into a foreign market, extensive and thorough market research become essential, together with wise planning to implement the proposed promotional and awareness strategies in the overseas market. This public relations proposal aims to assist Sally’s Soup & Salad (SS&S), one of the most integrated and largest soup and salad restaurant based in Australia to expand into a new foreign market which is Singapore. A brief background description is discussed beginning of the report followed by concise information of SS&S’ vision and mission, corporate goals and objectives to facilitate the company throughout the process of penetration. Upon entering the new market, a thorough country research concerning the targeted market’s (Singapore) current demographics, media, government, special support group, culture, environmental, telecommunications, information technology, and legal environments associated with competitive audit are studied in order for SS&S to be familiar with the particular foreign market before penetrating the Singapore market. SS&S has a strategic vision which is to be recognized as the premier and best soup...
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...raised to P30 ($0.72) per pack by 2017, roughly doubling the current price to around 52 pesos. Duty on alcohol will also increase gradually until 2017, increasing the price of a bottle of beer by 23.50 pesos, with varying levels for other drinks including wine and spirits. It will be further increased by four percent each year thereafter. “The new prices compared to countries like Singapore, for example, are still low, but for the ordinary Filipinos they are expensive,” said Laudemer Angeles, a 33-year-old shop owner in the town of Bacoor, south of Manila. “Many of my customers were complaining about the higher prices and were not too happy when they bought their booze and smokes for their parties last night.” Anti-smoking campaigner Emer Rojas said he hoped the new taxes would lead to a gradual decline in the number of people suffering from tobacco-related illness. “I think the sin taxes should even be raised higher,” he told AFP. “But we commend President Aquino for showing his resolve in signing the law.” The government has said that the country of 100 million has the highest incidence of smoking in the region, with tobacco-related diseases costing the country P177 billion ($4.3 billion) last year. The new taxes aim to raise P33 billion ($800 million) this year alone, gradually increasing over the coming years. A large percentage of the money will go towards the government’s healthcare program. The government first asked Congress to raise taxes on “sin” products as...
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...Curbing Food Wastage in Singapore Focusing Introduction * Analysis of Food Wastage By Walter Sim Every day last year, each person in Singapore wasted an equivalent of one packet of economy rice or nasi padang. All this added up to an astounding record of 796,000 tonnes - the weight of about 1,420 fully loaded Airbus A-380s - of food waste, according to National Environment Agency statistics released this month. This marks a steep 13.2 per cent rise from the 703,200 tonnes dumped in 2012, and is the sharpest spike in at least six years. Before last year, food waste had typically gone up between 1.6 and 6.7 per cent year on year since 2007. "It's an extremely steep rise and it's rather disturbing that there is a distinct lack of awareness and nonchalance to food security issues," said Singapore Environment Council chief executive Jose Raymond yesterday. - See more at: http://www.straitstimes.com/breaking-news/singapore/story/more-food-going-waste-20140319-0#sthash.CRyz0dZB.dpuf http://www.nccs.gov.sg/climatechallenge/issue05/ask-dr-green.html http://www.savefoodcutwaste.com/2012/11/05/new-campaign-to-reduce-food-waste-in-singapore/ Question – Outline Your report should make use of appropriate frameworks and mechanisms from the module and include the following: An analysis of the social issue (600 words) A critical evaluation of a current, contemporary intervention designed to address the social issues (900 words) An appraisal of the outcomes of...
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...A cigarette (from the French for "small cigar". Cigar comes, through the Spanish and Portuguese cigarro, from the Mayan siyar; "to smoke rolled tobacco leaves")[1] is a small roll of finely cut tobacco leaves wrapped in a cylinder of thin paper for smoking. The cigarette is ignited at one end and allowed to smoulder; its smoke is inhaled from the other end, which is held in or to the mouth and in some cases a cigarette holder may be used as well. Most modern manufactured cigarettes are filtered and include reconstituted tobacco and other additives.[2] The term cigarette, as commonly used, refers to a tobacco cigarette but can apply to similar devices containing other herbs, such as cloves or cannabis. A cigarette is distinguished from a cigar by its smaller size, use of processed leaf, and paper wrapping, which is normally white, though other colors are occasionally available. Cigars are typically composed entirely of whole-leaf tobacco. Rates of cigarette smoking vary widely, and have changed considerably over the course of history — since cigarettes were first widely used in the mid-20th century. While rates of smoking have over time leveled off or declined in the developed world, they continue to rise in developing nations.[3][4] Cigarettes like other tobacco products, do carry serious health effects with them. Nicotine, the primary psychoactive chemical in tobacco and therefore cigarettes, is addictive.[5] About half of cigarette smokers die of tobacco-related disease[6]...
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...Singapore’s Healthcare System Singapore is an island country located in Southeast Asia, between Indonesia and Malaysia with a population of 5.3 million. Recognized and praised for their electrical manufacturing industry, finance and healthcare, Singapore was named the third wealthiest nation in the world by Forbes Magazine for 2012. Singapore has established and received acclaim for a remarkable healthcare system. With government intervention, private sectors and programs that promote healthy living and prevention for citizens, Singapore’s Healthcare System has set a standard and model for the world to rival. While Singapore’s population is only 5.3 million people, a small country compared to others, citizens have a longer life expectancy, on average 84 years. In Mercer’s 2011 Quality of Life survey, Singapore placed 25th in the world. In determining quality of life rankings, focus is brought to political and social environment, housing, education, health and sanitation. There are three government branches that govern Singapore’s healthcare system, Minister of Health (MOH), which promotes health education and prevention, monitors accessibility and the quality of healthcare services. Second, Central Provident Fund (CPF) is responsible for Singapore’s social security savings plan. CPF safeguards working Singaporeans in their retirement, making sure they are able to sustain themselves after retirement. Workers are required to make contributions into three separate...
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...MUSIC INDUCED HEARING LOSS: IMPROVING LISTENING HABITS INTRODUCTION It is now a norm in Singapore to see young individuals listen to music through their earphones or headphones in many of their typical day to day activities. Technological advances in audio devices have improved its sound quality and battery life thereby influencing more people to purchase such devices. Though it is generally regarded as a socially acceptable behaviour, detrimental effects will arise to the individual once there is abuse of audio volume in these devices. Unbeknownst to these teenagers, their exposure to music is condemning their ears to harmful levels of sound which will result in irreversible music induced hearing loss. Music induced hearing loss by definition is the disorder in which a person has been exposed to high levels of music over a prolonged period of time (HealthBridges info, 2011). Data from Changi General Hospital states that in recent years, hearing loss cases amongst younger generations in Singapore have doubled (Ng, 2010). The higher incidence of hearing loss in the population stems from a combination of prolonged usage of audio devices at high levels which will deteriorate hearing ability over time (Faloon, 2010). Hence it is imperative that public ignorance be rectified as the problem will exacerbate if it remains unaddressed. Given the effectiveness of social media in Singapore and the relative ease of highlighting Singapore’s health issues to the level of public debate...
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...1.Write a dialogue between Jony and Nadim about illiteracy. Jony: Hello Nadim. How are you? Nadim: Fine. Thank you. What’s about you? Jony: I am also fine.thanks. May I know your opinion about Illiteracy? Nadim: yes. It’s a great problem and curse for our country. Jony: How? Nadim: You know, Education is the back bone of a nation. No nation can prosper without education. Jony: What should we do then? Nadim: We should work hand to hand to remove illiteracy. Jony: We should also need to create public awarness. Nadim: Yes, of course. It’s a vital factor. Jony: Thank you. Nadim: Welcome. 2.Write a dialogue between Nadim and Noyon about Tree plantation. Nadim: Hello Noyon , How are you? Noyon: Fine. Thank you. What’s about you? Nadim: I am also fine.thanks.Where are you going? Noyon: I am going to attend the tree plantation program. Nadim: What do you need to plant trees? Noyon: Don’t you know about the important of tree plantation. Nadim: Sorry friends. I don’t know. Noyon: Ok, I shall tell about it. Nadim: Please do. Noyon: Tree’s are very useful to us. They help us many Ways. They give us food shelter and shade. They also give us oxyzen and prevent natural calamities. Nadim: Yes, Now I can realize. When should we plant trees? Noyon: June and July are the...
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...of drink. You might think there is very little room left to grow the market, or feel that the industry is overcrowded. After all, Australasia isn’t North America, which has almost ten times the local population. California alone has the same population as Australasia. Nevertheless, while there have been failures, juice bars targeting the health-conscious have sprung up in many different locations, particularly in shopping malls. A big player in this market, Boost Juice, was founded by Melbourne-born Janine Allis in 2000. It experienced 257% growth in 2003/04 and by then had 100 stores and a turnover of nearly $20 million. By 2007 there were 180 stores throughout Australia, with three in Chile, two in Indonesia, and one each in Kuwait, Singapore and Dubai, and turnover had risen to over $90 million. All this in seven short years! More than 150 of the stores are franchise operations. When high-profile investors such as the co-founder of Flight Centre, Geoff Harris, testify that they also see a market gap by putting their money at risk in such a new venture, we have to conclude that success will continue. Boost Juice has shown that brand equity can be built quickly if there is a gap in the market. Brand equity has allowed Boost Juice to be less resistant to price competition than it otherwise might be. After all, fruit juices have long been seen as a...
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