... Our culture is to us like water to the fish. We live and breathe through our culture." As Trompenaar's quote outlines, culture is a crucial part of someone's life or even indispensable for the life of humans. This is because culture determines a human's basic assumptions, values, norms and belief systems as well as a human's behaviour, language, food, drinking habits and other determinants of one's daily routine. Understanding his or her own culture is a key factor in order to live in his or her society, but understanding other cultures gives the opportunity to look out of the box. It provides someone, for example, with the ability to interact between two cultures. A vital aspect when it comes to make business upon international terms. This paper will focus on the discoveries of Edward T. Hall and will also provide especially european countries as examples. 2. Hall’s dimensions of culture Edward T. Hall, Anthropologist, developed a culture model with three dimensions. Context, the most popular dimension, Time and Space. The following paragraphs will outline and explain the three dimension. Overview of the most popular culture models HALL | HOFSTEDE | TROMPENAARS | HIGH-CONTEXT vsLOW-CONTEXT | POWER DISTANCE | UNIVERSALISM vsPARTICULARISM | | | INDIVIDUALISM vsCOLLECTIVISM | HIGH-TERRITORIALITY vs LOW-TERRITORIALITY | INDIVIDUALISM | NEUTRAL vsEMOTIONAL | | MASCULINITY/FEMININITY | SPECIFIC VSDIFFUSE | MONOCHRONIC TIME vsPOLYCHRONIC TIME | | ACHIEVEMENT...
Words: 978 - Pages: 4
...both a field of culture and a discipline of social science, has sustained a growing interest in confronting the underlying heteronormative rules that constrain much of its design.” (Ingram, Bouthilette, and Retter.) In architectures implementation of a heteronormative social construct I wish to explore the capacity for the residual space, public realm to push back. Architecture, as the design of human activity and not simply a function and form has been able to contribute to the creation of safe space and I will be attempting this exploration by looking into how it has underwritten ideas of masculinity in hip-hop culture. I am doing so through visuals to see if and how over the years, environments for expression have offered...
Words: 813 - Pages: 4
...Space exploration has many effects on the economy and culture of the world. Florida is one of these places that has changed over the years. Space programs, including NASA, ave been very reliable over the years in finding new information about space. They have also done a well job on informing the word about these discoveries. If we didn’t have these programs, we wouldn’t know the things we know about space like we do today. To begin, after watching the video, “Moonport USA”, you can infer that NASA ( National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and the space program influence Florida’s growth, economy, and culture. For example, the space program influences the growth of Florida because the population increased after many people found out about it. According to the narrator of the video in https://www.floridamemory.com, he states “Cape Canaveral is one of the fastest growing county in the United States”. One of the reasons behind this is the added attraction of their space program. The culture in Florida was changing due to the high educated people here, many raised very...
Words: 592 - Pages: 3
...People act in different ways depending on how they were raised-according to their culture in other words. This also means that their use of verbal and non-verbal communication is affected by their culture which is the different ways in which people behaves, acts or think towards themselves, families and other people in society or simply a set of values and assumptions that are shared by people. It needs not said that the use of non-verbal ways of communicating are directly linked to ones culture hence the conclusion non-verbal communication is culturally bound and culture biased. Non verbal-communication, which involves all external stimuli other than the use of the written or spoken Sword, involves among other things the use of colour, use of space, touching, gift giving and time in conveying a message. The use of colour in communicating is widely used nowadays but its use started a long time ago. For instance, we grew up with the notion that the red colour means danger and that black is associated with darkness. Colours nowadays are used by manufacturers of says pesticides to warn users of the effectiveness of the poison. In communication by colour, colour tells us about people and their culture. They use red to denote a dangerous chemical. At funerals moaners wear black conveying a message of the unpleasant and disheartening death of a loved one. White is associated with purity hence its use at weddings with the bride wearing a wide gown to send the message of her purity and...
Words: 1631 - Pages: 7
...metropolises. The issue of their integration into local society has become a new topic for many researchers. Especially in China, with the thirty years of reform and open relations, a huge number of domestic immigrants have migrated into the big urban areas. They are facing many obstacles in their struggle to make a position in a new environment. Is there anything that the urban planners and designers can do to help them blend into the society and give them a sense of belonging and identity? This research will make efforts to address this question and discuss the relation between immigrants and urban environments, particularly the public open spaces by a series of research methodologies. Some literatures will be reviewed and discussed to give a general understanding of the relation between urbanisation and immigrants and the effects of public open space. Then, in order to narrow the research scope, the investigation of immigrants’ social integration condition will be conducted in Guangzhou which is one of the most developed metropolises in China with large amounts of domestic immigrants. Moreover, the white-collar immigrants were chosen as the main research target group. In general, “white-collar” refers to a salaried professional or an educated worker who performs semi-professional office, administrative, and sales coordination tasks, as opposed to a blue-collar worker, whose job requires manual labor (Mills 1951). In this research, the term “white-collar” mainly indicates people...
Words: 9791 - Pages: 40
...Interpersonal Communication in an Intercultural Setting Cultural growth in the twenty-first century has heightened the emphasis on interpersonal communication in an intercultural setting. As our world grows, expands and becomes increasingly more interconnected by various technological advances, the need for effective interpersonal communication among differing cultures has become quite clear. Due to the advancement of technology in today's world, a world in which some businesspeople are involved in transactions with other businesspeople in faraway countries, the call for knowledge of intercultural communication within this setting has become a reality. Interpersonal communication is a form of communication that involves a small number of people who can interact exclusively with one another and who therefore have the ability to both adapt their messages specifically for those others and to obtain immediate interpretations from them (Lustig et al, 1993). Although interpersonal communication is usually thought of as being perf! ormed in small, centralized groups, a need to broaden these groups and bring about a general feeling of cultural awareness has become apparent. To a certain degree, all communication could be called interpersonal, as it occurs between two or more people. However, it is useful and practical to restrict the definition to distinguish those relationships that involve a relatively small group of people, such as couples...
Words: 3942 - Pages: 16
...End of Life Care of the Chinese Culture The Chinese population, here in America, has significantly grown in the last 15 years. According to Pew Research Center, in 2000 there was an estimate of 2.865 Chinese Americans and in 2015 that number grew to 4.948 million Chinese Americans (2017). The Chinese population here in America will continue to grow as the years go by, as nurses, we must fully embrace their culture. Nurses must provide their patients with the best holistic care possible, regardless, of their race, religion, creed, color, and sexual orientation. Nurses must be role models in their communities with excellent displays of communication, empathy, trusts, compassion, and culturally competent at all stages of life. The purpose of this...
Words: 819 - Pages: 4
...Angeles Times Maps (2015) reveals race / ethnic composition, age, housing, and income of the county. Central Alameda has a diverse ethnicity, where Latino and Black people have the highest percentage. An estimate of 84.6% are considered Latino and 13.3% are considered Black. At least 1.0% are considered white, 0.7% are considered Asian, and 0.4% are considered as other. The median age in the neighborhood is 22. When referring to housing, 29.8% are home owners and 70.2% are renters. 64.78% has a median household...
Words: 924 - Pages: 4
...challenging as the number of corporations competing in the world marketplace rise. The unprecedented growth of international business has become increasingly dependent on effective face-to-face negotiations between business partners from different countries which often have unique cultural nuances. Culture influences how people think, communicate and behave, which ultimately affects the way they negotiate. For example, many countries which utilize northern European, German, English, and Scandinavian languages are categorized as low context cultures, and rely on spoken words in order to communicate. Conversely, high context cultures, often pertaining to Asian and Arabic languages, are heavily dependent on nonverbal and situational cues. These differences in culture can lead to misunderstandings during international business negotiations, so it is imperative that all members involved are familiar and sensitive to the culture of the other party. A key component of successful international negotiation is effective cross-cultural communication. This requires that negotiators understand not only the written and oral language of their counterparts, but also other components of their culture whether it may be values, thinking and decision-making processes or nonverbal behaviours. In business negotiations, body language plays a significant role in the communication. Some studies show that up to...
Words: 1155 - Pages: 5
...The United States Space Program is a leading phenomenon that dazzles the world with their giant missiles that are launched into the air. Millions and millions of people gather around just to watch the giant rocket launch into the sky. Moon-port is the launchpad that holds these rockets and allows them to fly into the sky. It isn’t just scientists who make this dream a reality, its millions of people and businesses that supply the world for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, industrial plants, and other major businesses. The Moon-port film showed us how the space program started, but it’s just the beginning. Imagine. A man, in a rocket, flying to the moon. This was the space programs goals to accomplish. The video is taken place...
Words: 677 - Pages: 3
...NASA’s built a habit of relaxing safety standards to meet financial and time constraints. The agency’s “broken safety culture” would lead to tragedy again unless fundamental changes are made. NASA has made a critical mistake in its culture the space agency’s attitude toward safety hasn’t changed much since the 1986 Challenger disaster, which also killed seven along with the Columbian disaster. NASA lacks “effective checks back to the basics of understanding their operation and does not have an independent safety program and has not demonstrated the characteristics of a learning organization, NASA fell into the habit of accepting as normal some flaws in the shuttle system and tended to ignore or not recognize that these problems could foreshadow...
Words: 1582 - Pages: 7
...Japan- Cross Cultural Management Final Located off the east of China, Japan is made up of a series of islands with rich culture and historical background. The Japanese people, dating back to as early as 4,500 B.C. have deep traditions that have evolved and adapted over the centuries. With ideologies, religion and business strategy’s much different from that in the western world, specific customs and traditions must be understood. Although the Japanese carry a great deal of respect in the business world, they can often be perceived as picky and difficult to deal with. This stereotype tends to cause alienation from companies doing business in Japan, when in reality their “closed off” and distant behavior is due to misinterpretation through a western lens. Being aware of the religion and history of the Japanese can help to not only better understand their culture, but to also strengthen business relationships and allow for a positive interactions between companies. The following paper will include a cultural analysis observing different dimensions of Japanese culture through Hoftede and Hall’s scales relative to other world cultures. The underlying beliefs, attitudes and values of the Japanese culture relative to that of the Western American culture. As well as their evolved and highly functioning socio-economic and political environment. Communication and openness to change can be compared providing information as to why the Japanese conduct business the way they do. The paper...
Words: 2358 - Pages: 10
...Introduction The role of hyper-consumerism on culture as a source of control and power relations has been discussed by a variety of scholarly voices. Among the most prominent is Michel Foucault, who described the various ways that consumer markets circumscribe public spaces, placing important distinctions between class members. In particular, Foucault discusses heterotopia – the public space which carries both physical and psychological gravity. For Foucault, public spaces are characterized by existing without truly existing. The heterotopia serves as a metaphor for a larger context while having the appearance and characteristics of other everyday spaces. Tyndall takes this notion a step further by developing social rules that are attached to consumer places, such as malls and shopping districts (Tyndall, 2009). This version of consumer-driven rules – culled from qualitative research and personal interviews – depicts a new notion of public-ness that is less egalitarian than ever before. It is a version of public space that is not entirely open to the public. Baker adds to this perspective by historicizing the commercialization of public space, dating the use widespread use of public space for advertising purposes to before the dawn of the 20th century (Baker, 2007). This argument inextricably links the notion of “culture” with “consumerism”, and sets the stage for the potential for access to public spaces to be consumed, or purchased. Finally, Klingle underscores this...
Words: 1702 - Pages: 7
...Language is the most common, powerful, and preferred medium of communication. However, it becomes a source of barriers due to inappropriate use. Language, further, is extremely flexible- that is what makes it so versatile to use. Ironically, this can create problems of comprehension when handled ineffectively. Regardless of culture, a kind of verbal sparring occurs when strangers meet, each seeking to determine which topics are acceptable and noncontroversial. Additionally the tone of voice of one’s initial words can influence your initial perception of whether the meeting is positive or negative. If you traveled abroad or flew on flight airlines, you may have been surprised at the volume level of some person’s speech. What to us is loud and raucous, perhaps sounding like a fight, is considered normal and accepted by Arabs. Some Japanese use little volume, again accepted and part of a cultural heritage. Tonal languages, such as Cantonese, demand more volume to suggest changes in word meanings, English less so. Language/Semantic Barriers. Lack of Common Language: A very basic problem, this occurs when two people do not share a common language at all. In the modern multi-state, multi-nation business world, this can become a major barrier. The only way this barrier can be resolved is to have an open mind and show respect to other languages. One should also try to get familiar to those languages, which are absolutely necessary for day-to-day function. Faulty Translations: Unfortunately...
Words: 2155 - Pages: 9
...excluding them from the public sphere. Starting with Ancient Greek and Roman times, and then moving to the Middle Ages and the two world wars, I examine how different countries attempted to remove women from spaces where men drank and socialized, to the ways they were removed from the production of alcohol with the rise of mass production after industrialization. It is through this examination that I enable a better understanding of larger history of alcohol, and how its production and sociality can be linked to the historical oppression of women. Ancient Greek and Roman cultures had some of the first recorded accounts of alcohol being used in a social...
Words: 1824 - Pages: 8
