...sentence is already said correctly, it’s unsuitable for the context which the learner’s answer was talking, it could be in past tense “I hadn’t seen this kind of climate here”. Another error with this topic, it is when beginner said “when the old woman do tortillas, she turn on the fire and so with this the air is contaminated”, beginner is making a lot of errors as omission because she is leaving out an item that is required for an utterance to be considered grammatical such as “the old woman do tortillas” and “she turn on the fire” while the verbs have to add ‘es’ or ‘s’ because ‘she’ is a singular pronoun. Also this sentence shows transfer errors when she said “and so with this…” for the reason that she is transferring a pattern from Spanish. After you evaluate the error in your speech, it’s identifying and describing why they occur. In this recorder there are typically global errors in view of the last examples...
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...Corballis, “From Hand to Mouth” (located in course materials) | Class discussion questions | 4 2/11 | Phonetics Phonology | * Language and Linguistics (located in course material) * Yule, Chapter 3 | Yule study questions -- Chapter 3 | 5 2/14 | Phonetics Phonology | * Yule, Chapter 4 * Esling, “Everyone has an accent but me” http://lrc.ohio.edu/lrcmedia/Streaming/lingCALL/ling270/myth20.pdf | Study questions – Yule, Chapter 4 | 6 2/18 | Morphology Grammar | * Yule, Chapter 6 & 7 * http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_y8aLt4kLcI | Yule Chapter 6 & 7 | 7 2/21 | Word formation | * Yule, Chapter 5 * http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ca0xFvMfcqo&feature=related | Classroom questions | 8 2/25 | Semantics | * Yule, Chapter 9 * Hooten, “Fighting words: The war over language.” http://professorverspoor.pbworks.com/w/file/45295489/Hooten%2B-%2BFighting%2BWords.pdf | Yule study questions -- Chapter 9 | 9 2/28 | Grammar (prescriptive vs. descriptive) | * Simon, “Why good English is good for you” http://wolfweb.unr.edu/homepage/calabj/pdf/Simon.pdf Video: Do You Speak American (prescriptivism vs. prescriptivism) | Classroom...
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...students of English and the principles studied in class. I will include not only my fourth form students’ mistakes but also my private students’ ones and my one ones. 1. Principle: The Native Language Effect. More than once, we are involved in situations in which we sort of translate phrases from our native language to the English one. Although this may be useful in specific cases, we must bear in mind that the mother tongue may sometimes produce a negative interference on the target language. For instance, our students may say *Is raining instead of It is raining. This has to do with the grammatical IT which occupied the slot of subject when the sentence has not got one. This mistake derives from a native language practice because in Spanish we would say Está lloviendo. Of course, no one performs the action of raining, but as in English we always need a subject, our students have to learn to fill that gap with this kind of IT after eradicating the assumption they have that the target language operates like the native one. As teachers, we should provide our students with the difference between the two languages without forgetting to highlight that interference of their native language will not always have a negative effect; take advantage of the error in order to understand the students’ underlying system; and help students think in the language they are learning so as not to resort to translation. 2. Principle: Communicative Competence. Last week, while revising the Past Simple...
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...Welcome to WritePoint, the automated review system that recognizes errors most commonly made by university students in academic essays. The system embeds comments into your paper and suggests possible changes in grammar and style. Please evaluate each comment carefully to ensure that the suggested change is appropriate for your paper, but remember that your instructor's preferences for style and format prevail. You will also need to review your own citations and references since WritePoint capability in this area is limited. NOTE: WritePoint comments are computer-generated writing and grammar suggestions inviting the consideration and analysis of the writer; they are not infallible statements of right/wrong, and they should not be used as grading elements. Also, at present, WritePoint cannot detect quotations or block-quotes, so comments in those areas should be ignored. Please see the other helpful writing resources in the Tutorials and Guides section of the Center for Writing Excellence. Thank you for using WritePoint. Courtroom [Make sure paragraph indentation is five to seven spaces or one tab stop] Work Group Mary C. Thomas CJ\204 October 15, 2012 Kimberly Haney ...
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...1 The Induction-Deduction Opposition: Ambiguities and Complexities of the Didactic Reality Wilfried Decoo Published in IRAL: International Review of Applied Linguistics, vol. 34, n° 2 (May 1996), 95-118. ("didactic" = pertaining to teaching and learning in a school context) Abstract An analysis of some of the scientific literature reveals that the terms "induction" and "deduction" often point to various concepts. A number of modalities need to be discerned, especially in the realm of "induction". Experimental comparisons of different methodological approaches may also neglect, to some extent, the complexities of what is really taking place in the classroom setting. The purpose of this article is not to take sides in the methodological controversy, but to contribute to a greater awareness of terminology identification and of the tangents, plural forms and crossings between didactic strategies that draw on "induction" or "deduction". Les termes "induction" et "déduction", tels qu'une analyse de la littérature scientifique nous les révèle, renvoient souvent à des concepts différents. Il semble utile de discerner les différentes modalités, en particulier dans le domaine de "l'induction". Les comparaisons expérimentales de différentes approches méthodologiques semblent négliger, du moins en partie, les aspects complexes de la réalité en classe. Cet article ne prend pas position dans la controverse méthodologique, mais désire contribuer à une plus grande prise de conscience d'une part...
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...Successful communication entails knowledge of grammar and text organization as well as pragmatic aspects of a second language (L2). Pragmatic competence is specifically defined by Koike (1989) as "the speaker's knowledge and use of rules of appropriateness and politeness which dictate the way the speaker will understand and formulate speech acts" (p. 279). Austin (1962) defines speech acts as acts performed by utterances such as giving order, making promises, complaining, requesting, among others. When we utter a sentence or a phrase, we are performing an act to which we expect our listeners to react with verbal or nonverbal behavior (p. 65). According to Kasper (1984), what L2 learners must know for successful speech act performance has been...
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...УДК 811.11136(075.8) ББК 81.2Англ-2я73 И89 Все права защищены. Никакая часть данной книги не может переиздаваться или распространяться в любой форме и любыми средствами, электронными или механическими, включая фотокопирование, звукозапись, любые запоминающие устройства и системы поиска информации, без письменного разрешения правообладателя. Серийное оформление А. М. Драгового Истомина, Е. А. И 89 Английская грамматика = English Grammar / Е. А. Истомина, А. С. Саакян. — 5-е изд., испр. и доп. — М.: Айрис-пресс, 2007. — 272 с. — (Высшее образование). ISBN 978-5-8112-2292-6 Пособие содержит базовый теоретический и практический курс грамматики современного английского языка для студентов первого и второго курсов факультетов иностранных языков. Данное учебное пособие является составной частью комплекта учебников «Практический курс английского языка» под редакцией профессора В. Д. Аракина. ББК81.2Англ-2я73 УДК811.Ш'36(075.8) ISBN978-5-8112-2292-6 © Истомина Е. А., Саакян А. С, 1980 © Айрис-пресс, 2007 СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Предисловие ....................................................................................................................... 7 Part I THEORY SYNTAX .............................................................................................................................. 8 I. Types of Sentences according to the Aim of Communication............................................ II. Types of Sentences according to Their Structure...
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...This page intentionally left blank English Grammar Understanding the Basics Looking for an easy-to-use guide to English grammar? This handy introduction covers all the basics of the subject, using a simple and straightforward style. Students will ¢nd the book’s step-by-step approach easy to follow and be encouraged by its non-technical language. Requiring no prior knowledge of English grammar, the information is presented in small steps, with objective techniques to help readers apply new concepts. With clear explanations and well-chosen examples, the book gives students the tools to understand the mysteries of English grammar as well as the perfect foundation from which to move on to more advanced topics. E V E L Y N P . A L T E N B E R G is Professor in the Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences at Hofstra University, NewYork. R O B E R T M . VA G O is Professor and Chair in the Department of Linguistics and Communication Disorders at Queens College, City University of NewYork. English Grammar Understanding the Basics EV E LY N P. A LT EN B E RG Hofstra University and ROB E RT M . VAG O Queens College and the Graduate Center City University of NewYork CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge...
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...Lucie Růžičková A Complex Sentence Analysis 'Mary and John intended to write the essay together, but then they visited the new exhibition of modern art on Sunday, because when Mary arrived for the weekend, most of the text had already been written by John and it did not take them much time to finish it.' a) We can distinguish several kinds of sentences. It might be SIMPLE sentence(1), NON-SIMPLE(multiple) sentence which comprises Complex(2a), Compound(2b) and Complex Compound(2c) sentence or so called SEMI-CLAUSE(3). Simple sentence is a sentence that had one Subject part and one Predicate part = a single independent clause. Complex sentence consists of one main clause and at least one subordinate clause. Compound sentence is formed of two or more main clauses which are joined by conjunctions such as and, or, or but. Complex Compound sentence contains more than one main clause and several subordinated clauses. [1] Our analysed sentence consists of five clauses. Four of them are main clauses and one is subordinate clause. This indicates that our sentence belongs to Complex-Compound type of sentence.(4) The multiple sentence is further distinguished by the type of grammatical relationship that holds between the clauses. If the grammatical relationship is paratactic, the clauses are coordinated. If the grammatical relationship is hypotactic, the clauses are subordinated. Parataxis is the grammatical arrangement of "equal" constituents(clauses). It is a hallmark of coordination...
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...Grammer 1. Every sentence has a subject and a verb. Who or what the sentence speaks about is called the subject. What the sentence says about the subject is called the verb. My best friend studies marine biology Sharks attack their prey. Michael works on a submarine. 2. The linking verb is joins the subject (show) with a word that identifies or describes it (documentary). Common linking verbs include am, are, was, were, feel, appear, look, become and seem 3. Many verbs consist of more than one word. The verb often has a “helping” verb. Is writing, are studying etc., 4. Words like not, just, never, always, and only are NOT part of the verb. A verb has a “to” in front of it, it is not a verb. No -ing word by itself is the verb of the sentence 5. Prepositions Used for Time and Place. Use on, in, and at to refer to time and place. 6. The subject of a sentence never appears within a prepositional phrase. A prepositional phrase is simply a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with an object. An interesting exhibit of a killer whale is very popular at the new aquarium. Prepositional phrases: of a killer whale at the new aquarium 7. Many verbs consists of more than one word. (The extra verbs are called auxiliary, or helping, verbs) Does work, is working, are working, were working, have worked, had worked, had been working, should work, will be working, could be working, must...
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...PROJECT 2 SYNTHESIS DUE DATES: Draft: if you have questions, please email them to the instructor Final: Wednesday, October 17th INSTRUCTIONS: Read the following three articles (links are provided below), looking for some commonalities between them. Based on these commonalities, write TWO different synthesis papers and their outlines. In the FIRST synthesis paper your audience is parents who abandon their children. The purpose of this synthesis is to convey the message to parents who abandon their children that there are legal and not life-threatening ways to refuse growing their children. In the SECOND synthesis paper your audience is national level legislators passing laws related to abandoned children. The purpose of this synthesis is to convince the legislators that parents who abandon their children should not be prosecuted as criminals. The final project should include two outlines of the synthesis paper (1 page max for each outline) and two synthesis papers (2 pages max for each paper). SOURCES: 1. “Bill proposes safe places for abandoned babies” http://www.sptimes.com/News/031000/State/Bill_proposes_safe_pl.shtml 2. “Abandoned Babies – Legislators, health officials unite to curb recent trend” http://www.nurseweek.com/features/00-03/abandon.html THE ADOPTABILITY OF ABANDONED BABIES: A Recent New York Case Interprets The State's "Baby Moses" Law http://writ.news.findlaw.com/grossman/20011009.html WRITING PROCESS: ...
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...* "[O]ne of the functions of phonetic stress is to make words understandable. This kind of stress, known as word-level stress, is actually part of a word's pronunciation. It may also serve to differentiate words that are similar. For example, We're going to record a record, the two similar words are stressed differently so that the first record is stressed on the second syllable (vowel reduction in the first syllable also assists in helping us to assign stress to the second syllable), whereas the second record is stressed on the first syllable (with vowel reduction in the second syllable). All words of more than one syllable have a prominent or stressed syllable. If we pronounce a word with appropriate stress, people will understand us; if we use the wrong stress placement, we run the risk of being misunderstood. "Phrase or sentence stress is tied to meaning, and this is the second function of stress. As we focus a camera on some item of interest, phonetic stress helps us focus our listener's attention on what is most important in our message." (Harold T. Edwards, Applied Phonetics: The Sounds of American English, 3rd ed. Thomson, 2003) * "Stresses tend to recur at regular intervals. But the sound pattern of English does not make it an overriding necessity to adjust the lengths of syllables so as to enforce complete regularity. The interval between stresses is affected by the number of syllables within the stress group, by the number and type of vowels and consonants...
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...To be completed by the student | To be completed by the markers | Module Name and code | BUZF319 | First Marker’s name (equivalent to the signature) | | Student ID (UoW) | 00002978 | Second Marker’s name (equivalent to the signature) | | Student ID (WIUT) | 00002978 | For Registrar’s office use only (hard copy submission) | Deadline date | 26.12.2013 | | Individual assignment | | | Group assignment | | | COURSEWORK SUBMISSION COVER PAGE Submission instructions Please note that all work must be submitted electronically unless instructed otherwise. For online submission instructions refer to: http://intranet.wiut.uz/Shared%20Documents/Forms/AllItems.aspx - Coursework online submission instructions.doc For hardcopy submission instructions refer to: http://intranet.wiut.uz/Shared%20Documents/Forms/AllItems.aspx - Coursework hard copy submission instructions.doc Feedback To be completed by markers on the next page | | 80%+ | 70-79% | 60-69% | 50-59% | 40-49% | 30-39% | 0-29% | Integrated Writing Task 70 % Weighting | Content and Structure | The written piece includes all the parts: introduction, two summaries, and conclusion. The written piece presents the main topic and key information provided in both sources. Transition and reporting verbs are masterly used. No personal view is included. | The written piece includes all the parts: introduction, two summaries, and conclusion. The written...
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...Sentence Fragments and Run-on Sentences The “sentences” below contain sentence fragments, fused sentences, and comma splices. Make them true, grammatically correct sentences using punctuation, appropriate conjunctions, or subordinating words. 1. In March, Harry was transferred to a new plant in Detroit, and then he was laid off in June. 2. Many young people don’t bother to register to vote. Because they don’t really care about the candidates. 3. While it may take a little longer to finish a paper. Professional writers recommend putting it aside for a few hours before doing final proofreading. 4. My mother was born in Madrid; I had very little trouble learning Spanish. 5. Many people believe in the curative powers of this water they have felt relief after bathing in it. 6. The sun is 93 million miles away it can still burn a person's skin badly. 7. My sister has over two thousand old record albums; she has very little storage space left. 8. Students who write down their assignments in a calendar tend to manage time better. Unless they forget to check their calendars everyday. 9. The CEO received a subscription to his favorite magazine; it arrived in the mail within two weeks. 10. The jury members deliberated for over two months, the judge has asked to meet with them today. 11. The new oil painting is very colorful it will look good with our bright furnishings. 12. The weather forecaster asked everyone to...
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...Kali Mitchell English 1101 Professor Elliott 7 December 2012 Reflective Final Essay This first semester of my freshman has been a very interesting trip. I have learned so much in the short amount of time that I have spent here at Kennesaw State University. I feel as if I have grown, not only as a student, but as a person as well. I have met many new people, made many new friends, and learned many new things especially in my English 1101 class. I thought I knew everything there was to know about writing when I came in on my first day, but I was very wrong. My professor assured me that there is much more to writing than just putting words down on paper. Knowing all of this, I have now learned how to improve on my writing skills, how to write better grammatically correct sentences, incorporate quotes and research and give as well as get criticism. When I came into this semester as a freshman I was very confident in the quality of my writing. However, my self-esteem was soon crushed shortly thereafter. Even though my writing skills had been very good compared to my classmates in high school, at the university level they were just average. After hearing about the on average grades students get in professor Elliott’s class, I knew I had a lot of work to do to receive an A on a paper. I had to do something quick to learn how improve on my writing skills. With the help of my teacher, she made us a read a variety of articles that were very interesting, yet also very insightful...
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