...In this essay I will explore whether text based interactions can be described as a creative form of language use. The text that I will analyse is a conversation between friends: I will identify a number of features of the text, comment on their effect and whether they are creative, then discuss some of the public attitudes towards texting. Many of the techniques used in sample have the purpose of engaging the reader; making the text more eye-catching; making the text sound colloquial (like a spoken conversation); adding to the humorous banter-like tone of the text; and injecting an expression of emotion into the writing. One technique used in the text is including slang or words written as they are said. Some examples of this are ‘wazaap?’ (l.1); ‘Who dis?’ (l.2); ‘nah’ (l.9); ‘Waana’ (l.14); ‘Wat abat’ (l.16). The effect of these features is to make the text read like a very informal, spoken conversation between two people who know each other very well. This makes the person reading the text, feel that they can express their thoughts and feelings in a natural, open way, and creates an intimate link between them. The text also uses non-verbal language such as: ‘whoa whoa whoa’ (l.11); tch .hh – yeh - u::h u::h (l.15); ‘Mmhm’ (l.18). The effect of these techniques is to add in spoken sounds that are never written into formal texts. These are sounds that people make when they are speaking directly to one another and are not part of language, they are known as ‘metacommunication’...
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...2012 Essay on a Prescribed Title Rewrite One of the various methods of understanding used among all living organisms is communication. Many methods of communication are built up over time to form languages. Language is formed from various rules, but consists mainly of vocabulary. Vocabulary affects how easily one person communicates with another, which in turn affects how much a person is able to know. If the vocabulary of a certain language does not contain words that describe a given event, or if a language has not developed words that are complex enough to be used to form a meaning of equal value, it is then impossible to impart that knowledge to another person. The extent of vocabulary in a language is determined by what information and knowledge can be shared, using that specific language. Vocabulary can also limit how we communicate with one another because using certain words to describe something may make understanding it much more complex. For example, when one uses abstraction they take away individualistic value to the subject to which they are referring. Does one abstract a cow to the point where they are nothing but a farming asset, or not abstract the cow enough to the point where it is only a large mass of particles and organisms? When there are multiple meanings for the same word, or if something is able to be interpreted in various ways, words and phrases may often be misunderstood and used incorrectly. Areas of knowledge (AOKs) such as language, art, and...
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...CSM 104 Research Essay Why you should learn Spanish before you learn French? Speaking a new language helps you to get to know another people and culture, as language and culture go hand in hand. Because language simultaneously is defined by the world around us, learning another language opens one's mind to new ideas and new ways of looking at the world. While most of us can't hope to learn the languages of more than one or two cultures other than that of our own, those that we can learn help us to learn how other people learn and think. In North American, most people choose French and Spanish as their second or third language. Many people believe that Spanish is actually more useful than French, and obviously the foreign language most spoken and studied--by far--in the North America is Spanish. Compare with French, Spanish can offer a wealth of literature of Latin language, both modern and traditional. For example, when you are reading a Latin American websites, you may find that you could gain a sense of how other people think and fee if you know Spanish. As a matter of fact, both of the languages belong to the Latin group of languages. Hence, they show some similarities too. On the one hand, French is spoken by the country of France in the continent of Europe. On the other hand, Spanish is spoken in the country of Spain in the continent of Europe. However, French and Spanish are two languages that show enormous differences between them when it comes to the pronunciation...
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...Introduction Language is considered to be the most powerful tool of communication but as Eckert (2004) puts it, “language is not a static resource” (p. 5). In agreement with sociolinguistics it has been established that a language consists of both good and bad words, swear words. Swear words are proven to be an inevitable part of linguistics yet often looked upon as bad manners especially if they are being uttered by teenagers, who adults refer to as irresponsible when it comes to their everyday use of language (Eckert, 2004, p. 8). However, according to Eckert (2004), this should be seen as nothing more than adolescents’ way of interpreting and maintaining social interactions and norms in a community as our choice of linguistic resources simultaneously signals how we behave, where we are from and who we choose to spend our time with (p. 9). Linguists are frequently faced with the belief that certain speakers, adolescents in particular, have an illogical parlance. However, it can clearly be debated whether or not these judgments have any deeper value as they are commonly based on selective observations and biased judgments of what those observations mean. This essay aims to deal with those beliefs by examining whether or not adolescents are more likely to use swear words in their speech. Material The primary material in this essay is based on information retrieved from the British National Corpus. British National Corpus, often referred to as BNC, is a 100 million-word collection...
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...Explore the ways power an authority shape spoken language using the extract from the boardroom scene in the apprentice In this essay I shall be analysing ways that power and authority and used through spoken language in the board room scene and many sections of the Apprentice. Firstly The differences between spoken and written language is that, spoken language are the different ways which people communicate verbally, For example some people could speak with an accent or with some slang words or fillers, this is spoken language, the way you speak. Written language is different because it’s what you write and it doesn’t always contain accents, dialect, or fillers etc. My reason for choosing to look at the sections of the apprentice is because we see that in the apprentice a lot of language is used to show power and authority between the candidates and Lord Sugar, therefore I shall analyse language during the apprentice in this essay and show how power and authority is shown. When talking about spoken language we know that many people are judged by how they talk and the language in which they use. Nowadays everyone is expected to speak Standard English because they think if you do it makes you seem and look like a better person. For example we see that if someone was to talk Standard English people would assume they are well educated, literate and classify them as being middle-higher class person. However if someone was to not speak standard English then they would be seen...
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...often discussed. Academic writing is to some extent: complex, formal, objective, explicit, hedged, and responsible. It uses language precisely and accurately. Complexity Written language is relatively more complex than spoken language. Written language has longer words, it is lexically denser and it has a more varied vocabulary. It uses more noun-based phrases than verb-based phrases. Written texts are shorter and the language has more grammatical complexity, including more subordinate clauses and more passives. Written language is relatively more complex than spoken languageWritten texts are lexically dense compared to spoken language Written language is grammatically more complex than spoken language. Formality Academic writing is relatively formal. In general this means that in an essay you should avoid colloquial words and expressions. In general this means in an essay that you should avoid: a. colloquial words and expressions; ""stuff", "a lot of", "thing", "sort of", b. abbreviated forms: "can't", "doesn't", "shouldn't" c. two word verbs: "put off", "bring up" d. sub-headings, numbering and bullet-points in formal essays - but use them in reports. e. asking questions. Precision In academic writing, facts and figures are given precisely. Do not use "a lot of people" when you can say "50 million people". Objectivity Written language is in general objective rather than personal. It therefore has fewer words that refer to the writer or the reader. This means...
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...What are the similarities and the differences between written and spoken language? In this composition I am going to reflect on the similarities and the differences between the written and spoken language. Let us see first the similarities and after that the differences. Both written and spoken language need to be acquired by individuals. This is the first similarity between the two kinds of language, that we have to develop our writing and speaking skills beginning from babyhood. We use written and spoken language for the same goals: to communicate, to express our thoughts, feelings, ideas, belief, knowledge. Another parallelism is that written language and spoken language can be precise if a person use carefully them. We know, that we need to learn to speak and write. But there is a big difference in time. We begin to learn to speak from the age of two (circa), while we learn to write only at the age of seven or eight. When we use written language, we have more time to think, to correct, to rewrite our thoughts, ideas, we can be more precise and accurate. But when we speak, we do not think too much, this cause that we commit mistakes on vocabulary and grammar level. There is a Latin maxim: "Verba volant, scripta manent." - which means, that writing can lost long, while the spoken word slips away like a bird. Summing up, the biggest similarity between written and spoken language is that both require learning, and the biggest difference is marked by time. ...
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...Learning a foreign language in the country where it spoken in much better than learning it in school. Actually, if someone really want to learn a language he should learn it in the country where it spoken. For example, learning English is the most important thing for the students. So, learning English in school in Saudi Arabia is very week. In addition, the best way to learn a new language is to be around speakers of the particular language you wish to learn. Comparing between learning a foreign language in school or in the country where it spoken has a lot of differences. For example, let say learning English, of course it is much better to learn it in U.S rather than Saudi Arabia because of many reasons, for example, the teaching system in U.S much better than Saudi Arabia. About 90% of the English teachers in schools in Riyadh are Arabs. So, they don’t give you a lot of homework’s, even though the quizzes are very easy so it is impossible to know if you improve you English or no. Being around native speakers is very helpful to learn the language. As learning a new language requires a lot of practice, learning while practicing with native speakers will prove more than in school. Learn a foreign language with native speakers is much better because you will speak the language all the time. In addition, you will never forget the language that you have learned, but if you learn it in the school you will just practice it during the class time. Understand the culture and...
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...Does being multilingual imply that one must lose their native language accent, when speaking other languages? As the word “multilingual” can be broken down into: “multiple languages”, it expresses the capacity that humans have in speaking more than one language. Many people believe that in order for one to survive the oppression of being a foreigner in a country, this person must not speak their native language but instead they should speak the language spoken in the new land. Not realizing that refusing for their accent to be part of the new language that they’re now learning, they are losing their culture and therefore not giving their native language value. In the essay “Speaking in Tongues” by Zadie Smith, she begins in a personal conversation...
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...This argument is supported by substantial evidence throughout the essay. This includes the ability of the new Government to persuade the Indonesian Co-ordinating Minister for Political, Legal and Security Affairs and Former General, Luhut Pandjaitan to impose a moratorium on further executions in Indonesia. This announcement was made days after he returned from discussions in Canberra. This raises a main strength of the article. The argument that former Prime Minister Abbott significantly weakened Australia’s relationship with Indonesia through his approach when trying to persuade Indonesia to hold off the executions of convicted Australian drug smugglers Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran. Some points Dick raises to support this argument include Abbotts remark that Australia’s aid to Indonesia could be in jeopardy...
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...Argumentative Essay: Why is it so Important to Know More than One Language We live in a multilingual world that is becoming increasingly globalized and it is therefore very important to know more than one language. There are three main reasons for this: an additional language can help you progress in your career, you gain an awareness of other cultures, and it helps increase our understanding and knowledge of our own language. More and more job advertisements are now specifying that they want second, third, and even fourth languages in some cases, and knowing more than one language opens up your prospects in a highly important way. Furthermore, as more and more companies begin to trade internationally, people are frequently beginning jobs for which they need no language skills, but then being asked to relocate abroad, or offered a promotion that requires language skills. Therefore, it helps with career enhancement. Some people refute this claim by saying that there are plenty of other jobs available, but this is simply not the case anymore with the global recession and more countries being international. The second reason that it is important to know more than one language is that it increases cultural awareness and allows you to communicate with different people. All good methods of learning languages also entail learning about another culture, especially when your language skills get to a higher level. This awareness allows people from different nationalities and religions...
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...------------------------------------------------- Essay: A Gap of Sky A lot of young people have tried to end up in a circle of endlessness; coping with restlessness and the feeling of a missing meaning of their life. In that case, they need a gap of sky to give them their hope and self-confidence back in their decisions of life. In the essay ‘A Gap of Sky’ by Anna Hope the reader meets a girl called Ellie, who are dealing with this issue of choosing the easiest solutions. She wakes up one morning, exhausted by a party the night before, realizing that she has to write an essay about Virginia Woolf for school. She has already got one letter saying that her place at the course will be reconsidered if she fails to hand in an assignment again. Unlucky for her, she has no ink left to print the essay, so she goes out in the city to buy some. At the trip out to get ink, she thinks about her own life and how she shall continue. The essay is focusing at the thoughts, doings and character traits of the main and only character, Ellie. It is written in a third person narrator, who tells from Ellie’s point of view. The use of a limited narrator makes the reader sympathise and identify with the character. It varies between spoken and written language. In this case the spoken language is her thoughts instead, as if she is talking to herself. Both the spoken and the written language can be seen here: “That was the way she wished it, has always wished it, to dig, to the core, to get...
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...It is different from people to people if you live by the word ‘freedom’ but we all feel free somehow. And being a teenager and being young is a time to feel free and to experience how great life is. And so do Ellie from “A Gap of Sky” by Anna Hope in 2008. The text is about a girl named Ellie who is addicted to coke. She needs to make her essay to continue her course but she needs ink for her printer. She walks around in London to find a shop with ink but she cannot focus. A lot of things disturb her. Ellie is a confused girl with a confused life with a lot of things going on. She is addicted to coke and she drinks a lot of alcohol with her friends. She is close to be kicked out from her course and her last change to stay is to write an essay. But instead of being home to make the essay, she is going to a party with her friends and the day after is the day with the deadline for sending the essay. She wakes up in the afternoon and she has not anything under control in her situation. She is now 19 years old and should be able to control her own life. But why will they kick her out from the course if she does not write that one essay? That must be because she does not take her education very seriously. She also blames her parents for doing the education that she calls: “…this bloody course” (p. 3, l. 66). She does not care about school and homework which says a lot of things about her and her life and it shows that her childhood can not be that good. She is a student at her...
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...Europe Language: Russian Mitchell Brownie AIU Abstract The Russian language is one of the many languages that have taken root in the European continent. The foundation of the USSR, where Russian was used as a means of international communication made it possible to be understood on the whole territory of former socialist countries with a population over 250 million people. The Russian language helps in scientific, economical, and cultural communication, creating new interest and importance in its study. Russian is taught in more than 100 countries of the world. The government of Russia takes great care in popularizing the Russian language. Latin is included from the many varieties of languages and well known to the continent as the most popular language in the EU which is discussed later on in this essay. The history of a language is nothing less than the history of a culture. Although we cannot use Latin today as extensively as in past centuries, it still helps us understand better meaning of legal concepts and use the terminology adequately. Europe Language: Russian The Russian language is one of the many languages that exist in the European economy that has influenced many of the EU citizens to speak such language that has originated since the 14th century ancestors of the modern Russians. The ancestors liked to call themselves ruskiye spoken dialects of the old East Slavic language, related to the dialects of other East Slavs. During the 14th century this spoken...
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...Module Code & Title:ed1045The Language of Multilingual Communities | Student Number:U1214407 | Date Due: | Assessment Word Count:2000 +/- 10% | Actual Word Count:1835 | Please reflect on your experiences in carrying out this assignment and complete the statements below. 1. In the process of doing the assignment I learned how to phrase questions to the informant and how to analyse the information given. | 2. What I found most difficult was maintain academic structure. | 3. I think the strength of this submission is the research done to gain an insight into the experiences of multilingual individuals. | 4. Feed forward – in future I will focus on the following areas in order to progress… | 5. What are you bringing forward from previous feedback that informs this work… | 6. Other comments | | By submitting this work, I acknowledge that I am fully aware of the following matters:- I. That the coursework deadlines are measured by the clock device in the Turnitin submission portal. II. That coursework submitted after the deadline will be marked as LATE. III. The instructions for carrying out this assignment. IV. The criteria by which this assignment will be marked. V. That I have the sole responsibility of ensuring that the work submitted is complete. VI. That I understand that failure to comply with UEL’s examination and assessment regulations will be considered grounds for failure in this coursework and potentially the programme...
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