...Individual Project: INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING T110-1304A-05 INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING JAVA GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI) AND DESIGN DOCUMENT 11/11/2013 Table of Contents Week 1: Project Outline 3 WEEK 1: Case Diagrams 4 Use Case Diagram 4 Week 1: Class Diagrams 4 Class Diagrams 4 Week 2 Java Fundamentals 5 Week 3: Java Control Structure 10 Week 4: Error Handling and File Input/output 16 TBD 19 Week 1: Project Outline Pizza R Us was founded in 2013 by a group of students who wanted to change the world of pizza one pie at a time. Using technology to bring the restaurant to the homes of the masses Pizza R US is currently developing an online ordering system that would rival the leaders of its class. Offering the following delicious products: Pizza’s Sizes: Small, Medium, Large Toppings: Pepperoni, Ham, Onions, Bacon, Bell Peppers, Pineapples, Sausage, Olives, Etc…. Breadsticks Wings Sauces: Hot, Mild, Medium, Extra Hot WEEK 1: Case Diagrams Use Case Diagram http://yuml.me/diagram/plain;scale:60;/usecase/// PIZZA R US, %5BCustomer%5D-(Log In), (Log...
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...Structural Analysis III Chapter 3 – Characteristics of Structures Chapter 3 - Characteristics of Structures 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 2 3.1.1 Background .................................................................................................... 2 3.2 Basic Statical Determinacy ................................................................................. 5 3.2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 5 3.2.2 Plane Beams and Frames ............................................................................... 6 3.2.3 Plane Trusses ............................................................................................... 15 3.3 Stability ............................................................................................................... 20 3.3.1 Introduction.................................................................................................. 20 3.3.2 Exceptions to Basic Rule ............................................................................. 21 3.3.3 Examples...................................................................................................... 23 3.4 Further Statical Determinacy .......................................................................... 25 3.4.1 Internal and External Determinacy ...........................................
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...technology of electricity. Electrical engineers work on a wide range of components, devices and systems, from tiny microchips to huge power station generators. Electrical engineering has now subdivided into a wide range of subfields including electronics, digital computers, power engineering, telecommunications, control systems, radio-frequency engineering, signal processing, instrumentation, and microelectronics. Early experiments with electricity included primitive batteries and static charges. It has been a subject of scientific interest since at least the early 17th century. The first electrical engineer was probably William Gilbert who designed the versorium: a device that detected the presence of statically charged objects. He was also the first to draw a clear distinction between magnetism and static electricity and is credited with establishing the term electricity. In 1775 Alessandro Volta's scientific experimentations devised the electrophorus, a device that produced a static electric charge, and by 1800 Volta developed the voltaic pile, a forerunner of the electric battery. However, the actual design, construction and manufacturing of useful devices and systems began with the implementation of Michael Faraday’s Law of Induction, which essentially states that the voltage in a circuit is proportional to the rate of change in the magnetic field through the circuit. Some of the most prominent pioneers in electrical engineering include Thomas Edison (electric light bulb)...
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...Fluid Mechanics Learning Objectives Outcomes • Explain the pressure-depth relationship. Pressure increases with depth. • Define Pascal’s Principle. Pascal's Principle states that the pressure is transmitted evenly through a liquid. • Describe how to use Pascal’s Principle in practical application. When you inflate a balloon with air, it expands evenly in all directions, this is an example. • Describe Archimedes Principle. States that the mass of a liquid displaced by a floating body is equal to the mass of that body. • Determine if an object will float in a fluid based on its relative densities. So if you fill a tumbler up with water to the brim, put an object into it, weigh the water that has been pushed out of the tumbler, and compare that with the weight of the object, you'll know whether it floats or not. • Use the continuity equation and Bernoulli’s equation to explain common effects of ideal fluid flow. The pressure in a fluid moving steadily without friction or outside energy input decreases when the fluid velocity increases Assignment Requirements 3. Mass is the same, so if the whale is taking up less volume, the density must have increased. The whale has displaced a greater mass of water at the depth, so the buoyant force is greater. 20. Ice cubes float in water, and sink in alcohol. Anything with less density than the liquid that it's in will float. 22. It will increase 35. It would be harder on the top of a mountain because the pressure of the atmosphere...
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...Uses of Fluid Mechanics with Relevant References. Fluid mechanics is the application of the laws of fore and motion to fluids. Within fluid mechanics there are two studies of fluid mechanics: Fluid statics, the study if fluids at rest within a system, or Fluid Dynamics which is the study of fluids that are in motion within a system. A fluid is a substance that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure. The substance continually deforms or flows under an applied shear stress. Fluids are a subset of the states of matter and include three of the four states of matter [1]. An example of tangential shear stress can be something as simple as a piece of wood floating on a small body of water. If the force, F, is applied at the end of one side, then the board transmits a tangential shear stress, denoted as, t, to the surface of the water. Shear stress is defined as the tangential to the area over which it acts, and is expressed in the same units as Direct Stress [2]. “If a shear stress is applied to the surface of a solid, the solid will deform a little, and then remain at rest (in its distorted shape). One can say that the solid (at rest) is able to resist the shear stress.” [2] Both the board and the water will move as long as the force exerted and the tangential sheer stress are not equal to zero. Think about this, a fluid can only experience a normal stress when there is no force being acted upon the system obtained by the fluid. Therefore, since the fluid is at...
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...Safety Awareness in Electrical Engineering It is important for students studying to become electrical engineers to be aware of electrical safety measures and hazards. There are several severe, even life-threatening hazards that one could encounter when among electrical equipment. Two main dangers related to dealing with electrical equipment shocks and burns are overloading outlets with too many devices, and neglecting to implement the usage of a Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter. While outlets are designed to handle multiple plugs, it is crucial to know that they do have limitations as far as what they are capable of supporting. Various dangers can occur by overloading an outlet. Risks of electrical fires are increased when two or more appliances are plugged in at once, or when extra electricity is required by means of an extension cord. This is also the reason why major appliances such as refrigerators and dryers should be plugged directly into their own outlet; they are heavy power users. Although most homes and appliances have fuses as a form of safety to prevent fires, people should still be aware of the amount of power can be placed on each outlet or circuit. A safety procedure that could potentially be life-saving is the usage of a ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI). It protects people from electrical shocks by monitoring the amount of current flowing in a circuit (from hot to neutral), and thereby locating a loss of current. If it senses an imbalance, the...
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...Global Variables Global variables are used in applications in programming. There are advantages and disadvantages to using these variables. Using global variables has its advantages in some forms of applications, while using them in others would make using them more difficult. Global variables are useful when you need to share a function with all functions in an application. Global variables can be easier to identify in an application by giving them a unique name, so that other programmers can see they are working with a global variable when maintaining your application. On small programs such as widgets or gadgets it may be easier to use global rather than passing around local variables. Using a global variable means that other functions cannot update it. Another advantage to global is that they can be accessed from anywhere in the program. Some are also disadvantages to using global variables. Global variables can create mutual dependencies, with an increase in dependencies the complexity of the code increases. Any function can access a global variable in the program so a change in the program at one point can change values everywhere. Global variable also slow down performance speed a little. Using global variables makes reusing parts of the script impossible. Global variables also make tracking a bug much harder. When declaring a global variable in a flowchart, you would but the variable in the main part of the program, hence the box the other functions branch off of...
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...Replication of Air pressure experiment Find an air filled ball that has an air input that will allow you to increase or decrease the air pressure. I used a rubber basketball but a leather basketball would have also worked. The smaller the ball, the harder it is going to be to see the differences in bounce height. Use an air pump and an air pressure gauge to put air in the ball and to measure the air pressure in the ball. Make sure you adjust the air pressure between bounces and measure and record the pressure readings each time. Create a system to measure the height of the ball’s bounces. I used a roll of paper and marked it every six inches with painter’s tape. Use something like a camcorder to record the bounces. I setup the camcorder on a tripod and aimed it at the area where it could film the entire bounce with the measuring paper in the background. Do a test drop and view the results in the camcorder to verify it gets the entire bounce and also that the angle is correct. Record the height of the bounces at the different air pressures. Make sure the surface you are bouncing on is free of anything that may interfere with the ball bouncing. Make sure the area you are doing the experiment in is free of wind and changes in temperature during the experiment. Log the results in some form of table. I used Microsoft Excel and created a graph from the results. Using a notepad and pencil would also have...
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...ELECTRICAL SAFETY Safety in the workplace is job number one for employer and employee. It is especially important for those who install and service electrical system. Electrical safety defines as “Recognizing hazards associated with the use of electrical energy and taking precautions so that hazards do not produce injury or death”. Nothing can replace a worker or loved one that has died or suffered their reparable consequences of an electrical accident. Government statistics shows that electricity cause more than 20,000 fire a year, almost half of all accidental UK house fire. Each year, about 70 people are killed and 350,000 are seriously injured due to an electrical accident in the UK. Modern living has meant we use more and more electrical appliances in the home. For instance, just 20 years ago the average uk home had a hi-fi system and one TV whereas today it is more likely that there are at least two TVs, games console, microwave and computer.so that risk of electricity accidents in the homes are more higher than before. It has seen in the UK that there are lots of people drying their cloths on electrical heater. This is particularly dangerous and could cause electric shock or fire. Heater have ventilation slots to prevent overheating. If this slots are covered up, the appliance could over heat and catch fire. Many time people are drilling the wall to fix nail without knowing what...
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...Aim The aim of this experiment is to determine the loss coefficient (K) for a number of bends and fittings, then to compare these results with results obtained from other more accurate sources such as textbooks. According to the results from textbooks the calculated disturbances in flow proves that velocity and pressure is lost through heat and friction. Experimental * The water inlet * Water collection basin * Rubber ball * Hydraulic bench * Stopwatch Procedure Before the experiment is conducted the pump is turned on to bleed the air from the lines. Once this is done the flowrate it gradually increased by the individual to the highest possible value, without the menisci going to a point where it cannot be read. The next task is to identify the key components of the systems and the direction of water flow. An initial reading of the manometers is then taken from both the H1 and the H2. Once this is done 5 more readings are to be obtained with varying flowrates, this is done by adjusting the flow control valve. Results and discussion The full results and raw data gained from the experiment is shown in Appendix A. Examples of the calculations are given in Appendix B. The loss coefficient vs head loss graph above represents the gradual loss in velocity over the length of the piping. Due to factors such as friction and heat energy is lost from the fluid. It is also clear that the diameter variations shown in the enlargement and the contraction...
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...Unit 4 Homework 1. What are the five advantages and disadvantages of using global variables? Advantages * It is accessible to all modules in a program * You only have to declare it once outside the modules * It is good to use it for constants you want to keep consistent * It simplifies maintenance, avoids duplication of local constants * It can make a program easier to read in reference to constants Disadvantages * It makes debugging difficult * If modules use global variables it is dependent upon the module and if other modules are presented you have to redesign all over each time. * Any statement in a program can change the variable * It makes a program hard to understand since it can be modified and have to be aware of all other parts of the program that access it. * Global variables are not willing direct into flowcharts 2. How can you declare global and local variables in flowcharts? * Global variables are displayed in pseudo code but not in flowcharts directly In order to declare global variables in a flowchart, you’d put that variable in the main part of the program (the main box where other functions will branch off from) for local variables, you’d put those variables in the box where each separate functions executed. 3. What is the main difference between global and local variables? * A global variable applies to the entire application you are writing as for a local variable it could only apply for the section you are programming...
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...Question 1 1. Shut down and unplug the computer before you start to take apart the hard drive because this will ensure that no electrical current is being used while you are working and fixing the computer this is done to protect the hard drive and technician. 2. Remove all metal objects within working area because the static electricity could damage or interfere with the computers electrical impulses or current as well as potentially harm the technician at work. 3. Use zero insertion force or very little force to remove parts of the computer because to much force could damage or break parts of the computer which are currently functioning correctly therefore increasing costs which could have been avoided. 4. Moisture and dust are two components...
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...HYDRAULICS LAB #1 The objective of this lab is to test the fluid flow provided by the power unit at various discharge pressures, and create a power unit characteristic curve. 1. Build on the trainer the hydraulic circuit shown in the figure below, using the components listed here. hydraulic power unit (2) pressure gauges flow control valve (FCV) – simulated load flow-meter Page 1 of 2 2. Initial setup: a. Fully close (CW) the FCV, and fully open (CCW) the pressure relief valve on the power unit. b. Start the power unit, and slowly adjust the pressure relief valve until pressure gauge P1 reaches 50 bar. Let the unit run for a few minutes then check and adjust P1 if necessary. c. Do not touch the pressure relief valve for the remainder of the lab. d. Fully open the FCV. 3. Test: a. Record the pressures P1, P2 and the flow rate under the “Min.” column in the table below. b. Slowly turn the FCV CW, adding a simulated load to the system. When the pressure at P1 increases to 15 bar, stop and record pressure P2 and the flow rate. c. Repeat for all columns listed in the table. The final column, listed as “Max Pres.” should be run with the FCV fully closed. Note the sound of the power unit during this test. You should detect changes in tone as the load (pressure) is increased. P1 Pressure (bar) P2 (bar) Flow Rate (lpm) Min * 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 46 47 48 49 Max. Pres. * minimum pressure attained, with flow control fully open HYDRAULICS LAB #1 Page 2 of 2 Lab Report: ...
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...How do functions help you to reuse code in a program?Functions help you reuse code in a program because the function can be written once to perform an operation, and then be executed any time it is needed. Name and describe the two parts of a function definition.The two parts of a function definition are known as a function header and a block. The header marks the beginning of the function definition and begins with the keyword 'def' followed by the name of the function, followed by a set of parenthesis, and followed by a colon. The block is a set of statements that belong together as a group, and are performed any time the function is executed. When a function is executing, what happens when the end of the function block is reached?When a function is executing, it 'returns' when the end of the block is reached - meaning the interpreter jumps back to the part of the program that called the function, and the program resumes execution at that point. What is a local variable? What statements are able to access a local variable?A local variable is a variable that is declared inside of a function. Only statements in the same function can access a local variable. What is a local variable's scope?A local variable's scope is the part of a program in which the variable may be accessed and is only visible to the statements in the variable's scope. Why do global variables make a program difficult to debug?Global variables make a program difficult to debug because any...
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...Using Global Variables Global Variables Global variables are used in applications in programming. There are advantages and disadvantages to using these variables. Using global variables has its advantages in some forms of applications, while using them in others would make using them more difficult. Global variables are useful when you need to share a function with all functions in an application. Global variables can be easier to identify in an application by giving them a unique name, so that other programmers can see they are working with a global variable when maintaining your application. On small programs such as widgets or gadgets it may be easier to use global rather than passing around local variables. Using a global variable means that other functions cannot update it. Another advantage to global is that they can be accessed from anywhere in the program. Some are also disadvantages to using global variables. Global variables can create mutual dependencies, with an increase in dependencies the complexity of the code increases. Any function can access a global variable in the program so a change in the program at one point can change values everywhere. Global variable also slow down performance speed a little. Using global variables makes reusing parts of the script impossible. Global variables also make tracking a bug much harder. When declaring a global variable in a flowchart, you would but the variable in the main part of the program, hence the box the...
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