...Antibiotics and why we use them for h pylori- flagil, trtrocylcin, moxycilin Diahrea and constipation- different for for each Meds for antiemetic agents Diabetes- different types of insulin only onset times Which is used IV, not IV- regular insulin given IV. Cannot be mixed with other insulins---lantus Oral diabetic agents-biguanides, glucophage Which oralhypoglciemic agents doesn’t cuse hypoglycemia- How to identify what a hypologycmic reaction is Glucagon- emergency sugar drug Hypothyroid vs hyperthyroid Graves-hyper-exophthalmos vs myxedema-hypo- dull puffy skin Thyroid medication -hyperthyroid -tapazole vs hypothyroidism-levothyroxine Diabetes insipidus Addisons hypocorticosteroids- vs cushings hypercorticosteroids – symptoms increase blood sugar, wound instability Addisons is lack of adrenal corticosteroids -also get gastric ulcers with the meds you take Correct fluid and electrolyte imbalance, weight loss , bronze face Cushings- corticosteroid excess, mostly ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma, weight gain, moon face , treatment is to normalize hormone secretion (Nizoral), hydrocortisone or prednisone-causes ulcers- may be needed Titration before stoping steroids- taper off and take with food – matacium or potassium Blood test for ulcer disease- hemoglobin hematocrit Hyperthyroidism--- T3 and T4 increase TSH decrease Hypothyroidism----T3 and T4 decrease ...
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...Com 155 Nicole Thompson Week 7 Essay Draft Restrictive vs. Obstructive Lung Disease Breath in with the weight of a thousand elephant’s, Heart pounding, feeling all is lost, Breath out with the strength of hundreds, Chest throbbing, Wishing nothing more than for the pain to stop, and both are a wasted effort. Feelings of hopelessness, No one can imagine the suffering you are feeling. This is what people go through everyday with restrictive or obstructive lung disease, while both are different they are very much the same and they are deadly however they are treatable as well as preventable. Restrictive lung disease as known as restrictive ventilator defects is where the disease causes the lung to restrict its expansion which makes it los lung volume. Which in other words the lung its self as lost its ability to expand due to lose of tissue or cell stiffening due to invasive environmental factors. Having a restrictive lung disease can make it very hard to breath and impairs the body’s ability to transfer oxygen into the body’s bloodstream. Without having the proper amount of oxygen in our blood our bodies can begin to shut down. Now obstructive lung disease is the opposite, obstructive lung disease is where the lung cannot exhale all the air in the lungs. This can be cause by damage or narrowing of the airways as well as blocked or inflamed airways. We exhale carbon dioxide and not being able to exhale all the...
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...Corn Fed vs. Grass Fed Have you noticed how there’s an increasingly wider selection of types of beef to be purchased? Which option is healthier? Which one is least expensive? There has been an ongoing dispute over which choice of beef we should be consuming. While both may seem to have their own advantage and disadvantage; ranging from being cost-efficient, to more beneficial nutrients. Both contribute to the eco-system, but in completely different ways. While grass-fed beef is the healthier alternative, it can prove to be a bit pricey, nonetheless, grass-fed beef provide us with more nutrients; they’re higher in Omega-3 fatty acid and vitamin E. Corn-fed beef, on the other hand, is relatively more affordable. The million dollar question should be, it’s affordable, but at what cost? What makes corn-fed beef so much cheaper than grass-fed? Corn-fed cattle go through a process, almost like an assembly line. The first step, the cow and calf live in a cow-calf operation. Here, the cow is artificially inseminated for the sole purpose of reproduction. For the first 6 months, the calf stays with their mother, once they’re old enough they’re taken to a pen, where they’re introduced to corn. To make a long story short, the calf is finally moved into a CAFO (confined animal feeding operation). From this point on, they’re all confined to small caged in areas. These facilities house hundreds, even thousands of farm animals. From this point on their diet is strictly corn, protein, vitamins...
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...(5.8% vs. 0.61%). Outside of Asia, another researcher found there to be an 11% incidence of cancer among 110 BP patients. Disorder, Disease, or Condition BP is a skin disease characterized by blister formation on the skin or in the oral mucosa, as well as circulating autoantibodies throughout the body. Bullous Pemphigoid is the most commonly occurring pemphigoid disease, although oral manifestations are less likely to occur. There are specific cellular markers that will differentiate the epidermal and mucosal forms of this disease. Finger pressure to the blister will cause it to burst, leading to the spread of the disease. The blisters can be localized to one spot on the body (oral mucosa), or generalized and cover large portions of the body. BP can be indicated with with an incisional biopsy of the blister, but an immunofluorescence study is needed for definitive diagnosis. BP is usually a self- limiting disease with clinical symptoms that can last for months, or even years. Usually if left untreated the body will eventually heal itself from all manifestations, leaving no scarring. The main reasoning behind treatment is to manage the symptoms to the best of the practitioner’s ability without compromising the patient in other ways. During the active stage the morbidity rate is twice that of the normal elderly population. This usually due to the already declined health of the elderly, along with side effects of medications given to treat BP. Systemic steroids are established...
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...Abstract In the case of Tera M. Bruner-McMahon vs defendants Marque Jameson and Mary Stanton a wrongful death happened at Sedgewick County Jail in Kansas. Terry Bruner was sentenced to a ten month incarceration for the offence of driving under the influence. Mr. Bruner suffered from a pre-existing conditions of Hepatitis C and also Cirrhosis of the Liver. Sedgewick Co. Jail suffers from severe over-crowding so many prisoners are transferred to Stanton Co. Jail in Colorado to be housed. While at Stanton Co. Jail, Mr. Bruner became very ill, as the illness lasted approximately 3 days Stanton Co. Jail made a phone call to Sedgewick Co. Jail that inmate Bruner would have to be transported back to Sedgewick Co. to receive medical attention as he appeared very ill. Following transfer back to Sedgewick Co. Jail, Inmate Bruner was left in his cell with little supervision and no medical care for 4 additional days, when his illness peaked and the situation became dire, the jail staff including the defendants Mr. Jameson and Ms. Stanton did not get inmate Bruner the medical attention he needed in a timely manner which ultimately resulted in his death. Jailers Jameson and Stanton claim their innocence as they are not trained medical personnel and visibility of inmate Bruner was poor, the slow arrival of medical attention was not their fault. Introduction Court: District of Kansas- Wichita Federal Court System Offense: Civil Rights Violations, Criminal Law Related Civil Case, Habeas...
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...Let’s Eat Jessica Haller DeVry University Let’s consider where hamburger comes from. Reading Pollen’s, The Omnivore Dilemma, it sparked an interest in me to not only follow the path of where the corn is grown and what it is used to create, but also what does corn feed that provides dinner on the table for us. One big contention in today’s day and age is how is the corn grown and used to feed the animals which sustain us. You see in the super markets all the time now, organic carrots, corn, potatoes, lettuce, grain fed hamburger. What does all of this mean? Taking a step back and looking where it originated, we see cattle herding. Herding cattle is as old as Time itself. As old as when the first cattle where domesticated over 50,000 years ago, and as old as the cattle drives done in the Old West. Now imagine living back in the days of the “Wild West”. Being part of a cattle drive and moving the cattle from the East coast and “Going West.” The cook or the “Boss man” of the cattle drive was the “man who owned the cattle they were herding -- but everyone also knew the cook was the man even the boss deferred to most often. The outfit's chuck wagon was a rough equivalent of a traveling general store, and the cook was not only the chief clerk of that store, he was usually the closest thing the cowboys had to a doctor, surgeon, dentist, tailor, and fussy maiden aunt.”(Old West, 2012) You being the “Boss man” have to feed the entire crew and making sure that you have enough...
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...Care of a Group Bluegrass Community and Technical College Critical Criteria #1: Assessment and Prioritizing Patient Care Client # 1 is a 71 year old female who was hospitalized on 1/23/13 with an admitting diagnosis of hyperglycemia, weakness and dehydration. This client has history of underlying lung cancer with metastasis to bone and was recently diagnosed with metastasis to the brain. Other history includes Hypertension, Hypothyroidism, Mitral Valve regurgitation and COPD. Chemotherapy has been put on hold and she is currently getting radiation to the head. Client’s family reports her being more dependent over the last two weeks. She was found with acute kidney/injury (dehydration) and severe degree of hyperglycemia which is new news to her. She was admitted for IV fluids, control of new onset diabetes, and other preexisting complications. She was placed on Thickened liquids due to complication swallowing. Client recently has almost no appetite. Insulin was started for new diabetes problem. Her vitals were stable (T: 97.5, P:93, BP:161/74, RR: 20, O2: 93%per 2L NC). She is allergic to Codeine and Aspirin. Upon assessment of this client, I found her sleeping in bed. Client aroused easily to verbal stimuli and oriented X3. Family was at bedside. PERRLA. Mucous membranes pink and moist, no JVD noted. Her nasal cannula was in place and set at appropriate level of 2L/min. Respirations even and unlabored. Wheezes noted throughout bilateral lungs, patient reports...
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...Prevalence, outcome and prognostic factors of sepsis in Jimma Specialized Hospital. By Dr Tadiwos Hailu (M.D) A Proposal Submitted to the Department of Internal Medicine, Jimma University, in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirement for a Specialty Certificate in Internal Medicine. September, 2012 Jimma, Ethiopia Prevalence, outcome and prognostic factors of sepsis in Jimma specialized hospital. Dr Tadiwos Hailu By Advisors: 1-Dr.Daniel yilma [M.D] 2-Birtukan Tsehayneh [Bsc. Msc.] September, 2012 Jimma Ethiopia i Abstract summary Background: Sepsis is a final pathway of infectious disease in critically ill patients. It is highly fatal condition. Though many researches are undertake in pathophysiology, epidemiology and management of sepsis in developed nation ,very limited information is available in low incomes countries where infections are prevalent. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and outcome of sepsis and its prognostic factors in patients admitted to Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Method: Patients with systemic inflammatory response due to infections were studied using prospective cohort study design for four month period in Jimma University hospital. A structured questioner was used to collect data on socio demographic feature of the patient and clinical feature, outcome and prognostic factors . Data was cleaned, edited and entered to SPSS window for analysis. The survival analysis and determination...
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...Pulmonary Disease (COPD; Emphysema) Pathophysiology Abakyereba Kwansemah June 4, 2014 Abstract D.Z.is a 65-year-old man admitted to medical ward with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; emphysema). Past medical history (PMH) indicates hypertension (HTN), well managed with enalapril (Vasotec) past six years, diagnosis (Dx) of pneumonia yearly for the past three years. D.Z. appears cachectic with difficulty breathing at rest. Patient reports productive cough with thick yellow-green sputum. He seems anxious and irritable during subjective data collection. He states, he has been a 2-pack-a-day smoker for 38 years. He complains of (c/o) insomnia and tiredness. His vital signs (VS) are 162/84, 124, 36, 102° F, SaO2 88%. Admitting diagnosis is chronic emphysema with acute exacerbation. Admitting orders includes: diet as tolerated; out of bed with assistance; oxygen (O2) to maintain SaO2 of 90%; maintenance IV of D5W at 50 ml/hr.; intake and output (I&O); arterial blood gases (ABGs) in AM; CBC with differential, basic metabolic panel (BMP), and theophylline (Theo-Dur) level on admission; chest x-ray (CXR) q24h; prednisone 60 mg/day PO; doxycycline 100 mg PO q12h x10 days, azithromycin 500 mg IV piggyback (IVPB) q24h x2 days then 500 mg PO x 7 days; theophylline 300 mg PO bid; heparin 5000 units SC q12h; albuterol 2.5 mg (0.5 ml) in 3 ml normal saline (NS) and ipratropium 500 mg by nebulizer q4-6h; enalapril 10 mg PO q...
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...Final exam study guide: Cancer: Know the difference between Benign and Malignant tumors. Classification of tumors Benign neoplasm Well differentiated Usually encapsulated Kidneys have their own capsule so is easier to catch Expansive mode of growth Characteristics similar to parent cell Metastasis is absent. Rarely recur Classification of tumors Malignant neoplasm May range from well differentiated to undifferentiated Able to metastasize Infiltrative and expansive growth Frequent recurrence Moderate to marked vascularity Rarely encapsulated Becomes less like parent cell Check Moles and Freckles Shows differentiation Hair growing = blood supply = no differentiation = CANCER * Know the warning signs/clinical manifestations of cancer. * CAUTION: * Change in bowel or bladder habits * A sore that does not heal * Unusual bleeding or discharge from any body orifice * Thickening or a lump in the breast or elsewhere * Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing * Obvious change in a wart or mole * Nagging cough or hoarseness Know the different staging, grading and classifications of cancer. Clinical staging classifications * 0: Cancer in situ * 1: Tumor limited to tissue of origin; localized tumor growth * 2: Limited local spread * 3: Extensive local and regional spread * 4: Metastasis * 0 – enclosed extremely localzed * 1 – only in tissue...
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...Fooling the Bladder Cops: The Complete Drug Testing Guide Justin Gombos June 1, 1999 2 Contents 1 Introduction 2 Detection Times 2.1 Halflife of TetraHydraCannabinol . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Approximate Detection Times of Various Substances 2.2.1 Frequency of Intake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.2 Amount of Body Fat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3 Predicting Detection Period . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Positive (defined) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 Passive smoke and positives . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Decreasing detection times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.1 Physical Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.2 Diet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.3 Using Drugs to Reduce Detection Times . . . 3 Test Methods 3.1 Substances that are Detectable . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 DrugAlert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Gas Chromatography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry . . . . . 3.5 Hair testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 High Performance Liquid Chromatography . . . . . 3.7 ImmunoAssay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7.1 Radio ImmunoAssay (aka AbuScreen) . . . 3.7.2 Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique 3.7.3 Fluorescence Polarization ImmunoAssay . . 3.8 PharmChek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 TestCup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 11 13 13 13 15 16 16 16 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 21 21 21 22 24 24 25 25 25 26...
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...GI and Diabetes Exam Study Guide Tube Feeding – (enteral nutrition) refers to the administration of a nutritional balanced liquefied food or formula through a tube inserted into the stomach, duodenum, jejunum. It is used to provide nutrients via the GI tract either alone or as a supplement to oral or parenteral nutrition. - Nasogastric (NG) Tube – is most commonly used for short-term feeding problems. Other means of feeding are; esophagostomy, gastrostomy or jejunostomy. Transpyloric tube placement or placement into the jejunum is used when physiologic condition warrant feeding the pt below the pyloric sphincter. Special Indications – anorexia, orofacial fractures, head and neck cancer, neurologic or psychiatric conditions that prevent oral intake, extensive burns and those who are receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Procedure for tube feeding 1. Patient position – 30-45 degrees position. Head remain elevated for 30-60 mins 2. Patency of tube – Tube should be irrigated with water before and after each feeing to ensure patency. 3. Tube Position – Placement of tube is checked before each feeing or every 8 hours with continuous feeings. Checking methods; aspiration and pH. 4. Formula 5. Administration of feeding – feeing are given either by gravity drip method or by feeding pump. 6. General Nursing Considerations – daily weight, accurate I’s and O’s. Blood glucose check. Complication Related To tube and feeding - Vomiting and or Aspiration -...
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...A kid with Hepatitis A can return to school 1 week within the onset of jaundice. 2. After a patient has dialysis they may have a slight fever...this is normal due to the fact that the dialysis solution is warmed by the machine. 3. Hyperkalemia presents on an EKG as tall peaked T-waves 4. The antidote for Mag Sulfate toxicity is ---Calcium Gluconate 5. Impetigo is a CONTAGEOUS skin disorder and the person needs to wash ALL linens and dishes seperate from the family. They also need to wash their hands frequently and avoid contact. positive sweat test. indicative of cystic fibrosis 1. Herbs: Black Cohosh is used to treat menopausal symptoms. When taken with an antihypertensive, it may cause hypotension. Licorice can increase potassium loss and may cause dig toxicity. 2. With acute appendicitis, expect to see pain first then nausea and vomiting. With gastroenitis, you will see nausea and vomiting first then pain. 3. If a patient is allergic to latex, they should avoid apricots, cherries, grapes, kiwi, passion fruit, bananas, avocados, chestnuts, tomatoes and peaches. 4. Do not elevate the stump after an AKA after the first 24 hours, as this may cause flexion contracture. 5. Beta Blockers and ACEI are less effective in African Americans than Caucasians. 1. for the myelogram postop positions. water based dye (lighter) bed elevated. oil based dye heavier bed flat. 2.autonomic dysreflexia- elevated bed first....then check foley...
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...Moringa oleifera: A Review of the Medical Evidence for Its Nutritional, Therapeutic, and Prophylactic Properties. Part 1. Jed W. Fahey, S c.D. PEER REVIEWED Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Lewis B. and Dorothy C ullman C ancer C hemoprotection C enter, 725 N. Wolfe Street, 406 WBSB, Baltimore, Maryland, USA 21205-2185 Email: jfahey@jhmi.edu Trees for Life Journal 2005, 1:5 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.tfljournal.org/article.php/20051201124931586 Receiv ed: September 15, 2005; Accepted: November 20, 2005; Published: December 1, 2005 Copyright: ©2005 Jed W. Fahey This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the C reative C ommons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Moringa appears to be a nutritional and medicinal cornucopia. The author, a Western-trained nutritional biochemist who has studied some of Moringa’s phytochemicals for almost a decade, gives a brief commentary and extensive references, and presents a table introducing some of the tree’s most intriguing features. This is the first article in a series, and will be followed by more detailed analysis of some of the strongest claims made regarding this edible plant. Vie Art Abstract Moringa oleifera, or the horseradish tree, is a pan-tropical species...
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...Bio 156 – Midterm Study Guide Lesson One I. Characteristics of Life • List four main characteristics of all living things II. Diversity and Organizing Life • Describe three ways of classifying, or ordering, life on earth. • Given a random ordering of the levels of organization of life, rearrange them into the proper sequence. • Describe the concept "an organism is more than the sum of its parts." • List the six kingdoms of life. • By definition, distinguish between a population, a community, and an ecosystem. • Distinguish between a producer, a consumer and a decomposer. III. Origins of Diversity- Evolution of Life • Define the term "biodiversity. • Define the term "evolution." • Describe how diversity of life can arise by the operation of natural selection. IV. The Nature of Biological Inquiry – Scientific Method • Distinguish between a hypothesis and a prediction • Distinguish between inductive and deductive logic • What is meant by the phrase "potentially falsifiable hypothesis"? • Define the term "control group" and tell the value of a control group in an experiment • Define the term "theory" and tell at what point in a study a hypothesis becomes a theory • Design an experiment to test a given hypothesis, using the procedure and terminology of the scientific method. Try the problem:...
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