Free Essay

Student

In:

Submitted By cefn
Words 2116
Pages 9
Etnografi Amungme
Suku Amungme tinggal di dataran rendah di sekitar kota Timika, Distrik Agimuga dan pegunungan disekitar Distrik Tembagapura. Permukiman suku Amungme berada di daerah yang dianggap aman dan tidak berpindah-pindah secara turun-temurun.
Menurut tutur leluhur, orang Amungme berasal dari daerah Pangema (Lembah Baliem), Wamena. Hal ini dapat ditelusuri dari kata Kurima, yang artinya “tempat berkumpul” dan Hitigama yang maknanya sebagai tempat pertama kali nenek moyang suku Amungme dan lima suku lainnya, “Suku Dani, Damal, Nduga, Moni, Mee” mendirikan Honai (rumah tinggal) dari alang-alang
Mitologi Riwayat Amungme
Kata Amungme berasal dari: Amung yang berarti utama atau intisari dan Me yang berarti manusia. Maka Amungme bermakna manusia utama. Orang Amungme niscaya, mereka adalah manusia utama di atas manusia lain. Menurut cerita leluhur, suku Amungme berasal goa di Lembah Baliematau Mepingama, yang berarti tempat manusia keluar. Suku Amungme adalah suku yang pertama kali keluar dari gua sebelum suku-suku lain.
Pada zaman semula, manusia berdiam di dalam gua, yang di dalamnya juga terdapat berbagai jenis tanaman dan binatang. Ketika mereka ingin keluar melihat kehidupan luar, tidak ada seorang pun dari mereka yang bisa membuka pintu gua, kecuali seorang tua yang dianggap sebagai kepala keluarga dari kelompok mereka. Ketika waktunya tiba, orang tua itu membuka pintu gua dengan memukulkan tongkatnya seraya membaca mantra. Namun usahanya tidak berhasil walau sudah dicoba beberapa kali. Akhirnya, ia meminta bantuan kepada seorang gadis yang belum pernah mendapat haid untuk memukul-mukul tongkat ke dinding gua sambil menirukan mantranya. Dan terbukalah pintu gua.
Ketika itu, keadaan di luar gua masih tergenang air. Maka untuk mengetahui kondisi di sekitar gua, diutuslah seekor burung nuri dan mereka menanti burung itu kembali. Namun, burung nuri tidak kembali lagi. Kemudian, mereka mengutus seekor burung murai. Saat burung itu kembali, di dalam paruhnya terbawa lumut dari air yang mulai mengering. Hal itu menandakan bumi telah cukup kering. Keesokan harinya orang-orang mulai keluar dari gua dan mulai berjalan searah matahari, arah ke barat.
Selama perjalanan, orang-orang mulai menebarkan bibit-bibit tanaman serta melepaskan binatang-binatang. Lalu, sampailah mereka di gunung Me-arrangguma-bugin, yang artinya gunung kebahagiaan dan perpisahan. Rombongan pertama yang keluar dari gua adalah orang Amungme.
Setelah itu, tiba rombongan berikutnya, tetapi karena tempatnya tidak mencukupi, rombongan itu melanjutkan perjalanan. Rombongan inilah yang menjadi moyang dari suku-suku Ekagi, Moni, dan Wolani, serta suku-suku kecil lain yang berada di sebelah barat dari wilayah kesatuan hidup suku Amungme. Rombongan pertama lalu melanjutkan perjalanan ke arah selatan dari Gunung Perangama-Bugin.
Hakekat Alam dan Perkampungan
Orang Amungme adalah intisari dari alam sekitarnya. Alam memberikan manfaat besar bagi kehidupan sehingga mereka menghargai dan menjaga harmoni alam dengan tidak merusak kesemstaan alam. Jika terjadi perusakan, diniscayai sama dengan merusak diri sendiri.
Makna penghargaan terhadap alam diungkapkan dalam upacara syukur atas berkah yang didapat dari alam dan jika ada ada yang merusak alam terungkap dalam perkataan bijak yang berbunyi:“Enane taram agan iwiatongengee, Em arap nap atendak, mesin arop nap atendak, oleh arop nap atendak, ib arop nan atendak. Kela arop nap atendak iatong heno! Inak juo onen diamo!”
Artinya: “Anak-anak, mengapa berbuat demikian, padahal kamu tahu bahwa pohon itu adalah diriku, anjing itu adalah aku, air itu juga diriku, tanah pun aku, dan batu itu pun diriku. Berbuatlah semaumu, aku akan mengawasimu!”(Beanal, 1997: 9)
Suku Amungme mendiami wilayah hampir sepanjang Pegunungan Jayawijaya dan terbagi dalam 66 klan. Klan-klan itu terdiri dari Mom dan Magai. Perkawinan di antara mereka hanya bisa terlaksana jika kedua pasangan berasal dari dua klan yang berbeda. Jika pasangan berasal dari klan yang sama, perkawinan tidak bisa terlaksana. Jika terjadi pelanggaran, perkawinan itu akan dikutuk dan akan mendapat sanksi adat berupa hukuman mati yang disebut hanom.
Suku Amungme mendiami lembah-lembah di bagian selatan dan sedikit ke bagian utara Pegunungan Tengah Puncak Jaya. Seluruh lembah itu masuk ke dalam wilayah adat Amungme, yang disebut Amungsa. Di lembah-lembah itulah, anak-anak suku Amungme membangun kehidupan mereka sejak beratus-ratus tahun lalu. Sejatinya, pemukiman suku Amungme dibagi menjadi tiga bagian: * Ninusa. Daerah permukiman yang terletak di kawasan hulu, berada di ketinggian sekitar 3000–3500 m. Daerah itu ditutupi hutan, dan penduduk yang mendiaminya berjumlah sekitar 20 klan yang disebut ninume. * Utunsa. Daerah permukiman yang terletak di kawasan tengah, berada sekitar 1000–3000 m dpl. Daerah itu bertebing terjal dan berhutan lebat, dihuni oleh 11 klan yang disebutuntungme. * Onisa. Daerah permukiman yang terletak di kawasan hilir, berada sekitar 0–1000 m dpl. Daerah itu merupakan hutan dataran rendah dan perbukitan yang berada di ketinggian 100–1.000 m dpl. Kawasan ini dihuni oleh 25 klan yang disebut ondimangau. Masyarakat Amungme yang bermukim di lembah-lembah tersebut mendapat julukan orang Tsingame (berasal dari lembah Tsinga), Noembame (orang lembah Noemba), dan lain-lain.
Namun, saat ini permukiman suku Amungme telah bercampur dengan suku-suku lain akibat program pemukiman kembali yang dilakukan Freeport dan kebijakan pemukiman kembali oleh Departemen Transmigrasi.
Esensi Hak Ulayat
Pemukiman suku Amungme tersebar di sepuluh lembah. Lembah Tsinga, Noemba, Waa, dan Lembah Wea merupakan lembah-lembah yang didiami khusus suku Amungme. Selain itu, di Lembah Arowa dan Jaa tinggal suku Amungme yang telah berbaur dengan suku Moni. Di Lembah Beoga dan Ilaga, suku Amungme hidup berbaur dengan suku Dani, sedangkan di lembah Mapnduma dan Kupaga, warga Amungme tinggal berbaur dengan suku Nduga. Lembah-lembah tersebut dilalui sungai-sungai yang menjadi sumber kehidupan yaitu sungai Aijkwa, Kamoro, Otokwa, Mina Jerui, dan Kopi.
Wilayah hunian suku Amungme di sebelah timur dibatasi Gunung Mangsari-Ninggok (Puncak Trikora), sebelah barat dibatasi Gunung Ekaniggok (Nassao), dan Sungai Kamoro. Di sebelah utara dibatasi Puncak Nemangkawi-Niggok (Puncak Jaya) dan Pegunungan Tengah serta di selatan berbatasan dengan wilayah kesatuan hidup suku Kamoro, sampai ke Timika dan Akimuga. Suku-suku yang bertetangga dengan Amungme adalah suku Nduga dan Sempat di sebelah timur (Jigi Mugi), sedangkan di sebelah barat (Delema Tegal) berbatasan dengan Moni dan Kamoro. Di sebelah utara, wilayah hunian suku Amungme berbatasan dengan suku Dani dan Ekari.
Kehidupan sosial-ekonomi suku Amungme mulai dari berburu, meramu, bercocok tanam, sampai bertani menetap. Selama berabad-abad, mereka telah berhasil mempertahankan hidup dengan memanfaatkan kekayaan alam yang ada.
Pemimpin lokal suku Amungme dipilih berdasarkan kemampuan individual. Kepemilikan komunal atas hutan dan gunung tetap tidak berubah. Begitu pula dengan kepemilikan pribadi (keluarga) atas tanah yang digarap, tetap terus berfungsi. Tanah yang dimiliki secara pribadi dapat disewakan dengan cara bagi hasil atau memberikan kompensasi berupa harta yang dimiliki.
Praktik komunal tetap ada dan hal itu memberikan dampak negatif maupun positif dalam perjuangan suku Amungme pada masa kini, khususnya untuk mengatasi kesulitan sosial-ekonomi. Pemujaan terhadap roh leluhur tetap dipraktikkan meskipun sebagian besar dari mereka telah beragama Katolik dan Kristen. Agama Katolik dan Kristen merupakan hasil dari praktik zendingyang dibawa oleh para misionaris dari Belanda.
Hak ulayat bagi suku Amungme meliputi Pegunungan Tengah Puncak Jaya (Nemangkawi Niggok) di sebelah timur dan Puncak Trikora (Mangari Sawari Niggok) di sebelah barat. Hak ulayat itu terwujud dalam bentuk kehidupan pedusunan warisan leluhur. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, hak ulayat mengandung nilai ekonomi, sosial, dan juga religi.
Suku Amungme menyakralkan dua gunung yang ditutupi salju abadi. Kedua puncak ini disebut suku Amungme sebagai bugara (puncak utama). Puncak utama ini dalam mitologi suku Amungme merupakan lambang kekuatan, kebanggaan, dan kedamaian. Maka daerah itu dipandang suci dan keramat, atau merupakan wilayah spirit of life suku Amungme. Wilayah itu tidak dihuni karena merupakan daerah suci.
Freeport Menghancurkan Peradaban
PT Freeport Indonesia merupakan contoh buruk kehadiran perusahaan pertambangan yang nyaris tidak memberikan kontribusi terhadap masyarakat setempat. Setelah lebih dari 35 tahun hadir dan bergiat di atas tanah adat milik suku Amungme, kondisi kehidupan warga Amungme sama sekali tidak berubah dari saat sebelum Freeport datang. Bahkan, saat ini keberadaan suku Amungme terperosok ke dalam kondisi yang sangat memprihatinkan.
Saat ini Freeport telah memasuki relung kehidupan suku Amungme dan menghadirkan persoalan fundamental, semisal hilangnya hak ulayat, rusaknya sistem sosial-ekonomi, rusaknya lingkungan hidup dan sumber daya alam akibat perubahan ekosistem, tindak kekerasan yang dapat dikategorikan pelanggaran HAM, ancaman bahan kimia yang membahayakan, intimidasi dan stigmatisasi sebagai anggota GPK/OPM.
Persoalan-persoalan di atas telah memorak-porandakan kosmologi dan peradaban suku Amungme dan mengguncang tata sosial-budaya dan ekonom. Persoalan itu semakin diperberat dengan terjadinya pemindahan paksa permukiman warga, pemiskinan budaya dan sosial serta disintegrasi kultural.

1. Apakah perbedaan kondisi kehidupan sosial masyarakat saat ini dengan zaman dahulu?
Ada banyak, contohnya Model Pakaian dan Teknologi. Model Pakaian, zaman dahulu sebut saja saat masih tahun 1900-an, model baju yang ada masih kuno, seperti jas yang panjangnya hingga ke lutut, baju baju berenda, kaus kaus polos biasa, dan tidak berwarna – warni. Pada saat ini, model pakaian berubah setiap saat. Mulai dari model dress, rok, dan baju terlihat lebih modern. Setiap saat atau waktu model pakaian yang dipakai selalu berganti, warnanya juga beragam, mulai dari yang kalem-biasa hingga mencolok. Teknologi, ini sangat besar perbedaannya. Pada zaman dahulu, orang sangat susah untuk berkomunikasi satu sama lain, apalagi jika tinggal di tempat yang jauh, belum ada telepon ataupun handphone. Kalau mendapatkan informasi selalu telat dan belum pasti keberadaannya karena hanya dari mulut ke mulut. Tapi sekarang, jika ingin mengetahui keadaan seseorang atau mendapatkan informasi, cukup dengan menggunakan telepon ataupun handphone.

2. Bagaimanakah proses perubahan sosial budaya yang terjadi? * Perubahan yang Terjadi Secara Lambat dan Perubahan yang Terjadi Secara Cepat

Perubahan terjadi secara lambat akan mengalami rentetan perubahan yang saling berhubungan dalam jangka waktu yang cukup lama. Perkembangan perubahan ini termasuk dalam evolusi. Perubahan secara evolusi dapat diamati berdasarkan batas waktu yang telah lampau sebagai patokan atau tahap awal sampai masa sekarang yang sedang berjalan. Adapun penentuan kapan perubahan tersebut terjadi, bergantung pada orang yang bersangkutan.
Contoh: Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia yang mengubah tatanan kenegaraan dan sistem pemerintahan NKRI.

* Perubahan yang Pengaruhnya Kecil dan Perubahan yang Pengaruhnya Besar
Perubahan yang pengaruhnya kecil adalah perubahan yang mempengaruhi unsur-unsur kehidupan masyarakat. Akan tetapi, perubahan ini dianggap tidak memiliki arti yang penting dalam struktur sosial. Contohnya, perubahan mode pakaian yang tidak melanggar nilai sosial. Perubahan yang pengaruhnya besar adalah perubahan yang dapat memengaruhi lembaga-lembaga yang ada pada masyarakat.
Misalnya, perubahan sistem pemerintahan yang mempengaruhi tatanan kenegaraan suatu bangsa. * Perubahan yang Dikehendaki dan Perubahan yang Tidak Dikehendaki
Perubahan yang dikehendaki merupakan perubahan yang memang telah direncanakan sebelumnya terutama oleh pihak yang memiliki wewenang untuk mengeluarkan kebijaksanaan. Misalnya, penerapan program Keluarga Berencana untuk membentuk keluarga kecil yang sejahtera dan menurunkan angka pertumbuhan penduduk. Perubahan yang tidak dikehendaki umumnya beriringan dengan perubahan yang dikehendaki. Misalnya adanya pembuatan jalan baru yang melalui suatu desa maka sumber alam desa akan mudah dipasarkan ke kota. Dengan demikian, tingkat kesejahteraan penduduk desa akan meningkat.
Perubahan sosial terbagi atas dua wujud sebagai berikut. 1. Perubahan dalam arti kemajuan (progress) atau menguntungkan. 2. Perubahan dalam arti kemunduran (regress) yaitu yang membawa pengaruh kurang menguntungkan bagi masyarakat.
Jika perubahan sosial dapat bergerak ke arah suatu kemajuan, masyarakat akan berkembang. Sebaliknya, perubahan sosial juga dapat menyebabkan kehidupan masyarakat mengalami kemunduran. Kemunduran atau kemajuan suatu masyarakat disebabkan oleh perubahan sosial. Jika muncul inovasi baru dengan kualitas tinggi, akan terjadi proses perubahan yang sangat cepat pada masyarakat. Sebaliknya, perubahan yang terjadi di masyarakat dapat juga seperti jalan di tempat.

3. Apakah dampak perubahan sosial budaya yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat? * Dampak Positif * Kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan * Kebutuhan mudah terpenuhi * Pola pikir yang lebih maju * Memiliki Nilai dan Norma Sosial Baru * Mendorong perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi * Terciptanya lapangan kerja. * Dampak negative * Dekadensi Moral
Dekadensi moral adalah menurun atau merosotnya moral seseorang yang ditunjukkan dari perilakunya yang bertentangan dengan nilai dan norma yang berlaku dalam masyarakat. Biasanya perilaku orang tersebut merugikan dirinya sendiri dan orang lain. Beberapa contoh yang termasuk dekadensi moral adalah perilaku pergaulan bebas di kalangan remaja maupun orang tua, prostitusi, perselingkuhan dan lain-lain. * Kriminalitas
Donald R. Gressey berpendapat bahwa kriminilitas adalah suatu kondisi dan proses sosial yang menghasilkan perilaku lain. Kriminalitas merupakan tindakan yang melanggar norma hukum dan menyakitkan orang lain secara langsung. Beberapa contoh yang termasuk tindak kriminalitas antara lain korupsi, pencurian, penodongan, pemerkosaan, dan pembunuhan. * Aksi Protes dan Demonstrasi
Demonstrasi adalah gerakan protes yang dilakukan sekumpulan orang di hadapan umum. Demonstrasi biasanya dilakukan untuk menyatakan pendapat kelompok tersebut atau menentang kebijakan yang dilaksanakan suatu pihak. Aksi protes merupakan gerakan atau tindakan yang dilakukan secara perorangan atau untuk menyampaikan pernyataan tidak setuju yang oleh sebagian besar orang dilancarkan melalui kecaman yang pedas. Demonstrasi umumnya dilakukan oleh kelompok mahasiswa yang menentang kebijakan pemerintah/para buruh yang tidak puas dengan perlakuan majikannya. Namun demonstrasi juga dilakukan oleh kelompokkelompok lainnya dengan tujuan lainnya. * Konsumerisme
Konsumerisme adalah pandangan yang diikuti dengan tindakan atau perbuatan penggunaan barang dan jasa secara berlebihan. Pembelian barang-barang yang bukan kebutuhan pokok dan sifatnya hanya tersier jika dilakukan secara berlebihan dikategorikan konsumerisme * Pegeseran Nilai dan Norma Sosial * Lunturnya Budaya Nasional * Kesenjangan budaya. * Tidak berfungsinya lembaga sosial. * Mengabaikan kondisi alam * Bersikap individualistis.

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Student

...Revision of Critical essay *Introduction In today's society there is a lot of pressure on students academically to have a good performance and with that comes a lot of stress. Some students find a way to try to balance their hectic school life style whether it be some kind of recreational activity. One of those activities is sports and whether it can make a better student. I believe that yes it can increase your performance academically because it teaches you skills such as focus, fitness and communication with others. In the article “do athletes make better students, Natalie Gil written for the guardian.com. Natlie Gil claims that studies show that doing both can benefit studies and sports performance, providing motivation and preparation. Natalie Gil also goes on to state that it helps organization and pervents procrastination and that being fit alters students mood in a good way claiming a healthy body is a healthy mind. Lastly, Natalie Gil goes on to show evidence that it also helps with communication and team work whether at school or later in landing a career. Pathos Natalie Gil Appeals to the stress and desire to succeed in today's world as students upcoming in today's society. She also uses the points or appeal to support her view or stance on the subject that athletes do make better students and that this will lead to success not only in their academic life but also in their career choice Logos Natalie...

Words: 616 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Student

...are important to be included in the evaluation of teaching effectiveness. These factors are as the criteria for the evaluating of educational effectiveness. Some of these factors still work as a criterion for the evaluation process. While, the other factors have to be excluded from the evaluation and not to be given as much weight. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to ask administrators about which items still valid until the now and have to be included in the evaluation process and which of these items are invalid to be an evaluation criterion. This article also offers the main sources of data for evaluation of faculty performance as one of the important components of evaluation of educational effectiveness. There sources are students’ evaluation tools, teaching portfolios, classroom visitation reports, and scholarship activities. These sources offer significant information about the faculty performance and consequently they will contribute significantly in assessing and evaluating the teaching effectiveness. There are some items of evaluation have to be included and be given more weight in any evaluation process of the educational effectiveness because they have a significant relation to the success of the evaluation process. These items are currency in field, peers evaluation, classroom visits, professors preparations. While, there are some items have to be excluded because they do not contribute in success of evaluation of teaching effectiveness...

Words: 325 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Student

...SOX testing, I was also assigned to assist building the Compliance Universe for the whole organization. I appropriately allocated my time and energy to these two projects, so that I completed most of my work in a high quality and on a timely basis. I am a dedicated team player who loves communicating with people. I interviewed Hologic’s employees to understand key business processes, joined all the staff meetings and presented my ideas and achievements to the team, collaborated with colleagues to work on other projects to meet the deadline. I am also a person with great research and analytical skills. I used CCH, FASB Codification and some other information sources to finish my cases in academic study. Even though I am an international student, I believe that I am better for this position than anyone else. Companies like Signiant need global perspective people. I majored in International economy and trade during undergraduate study. I have knowledge about foreign currency, international transactions and taxes. All I need is a chance to learn and contribute in a fast-paced company like Signiant. The enclosed resume briefly summarizes my educational background and experiences, I would like to meet with you for an interview during which I can fully express my capacity and desire to work for Signiant. In the meantime, if you need any additional information, please contact me by phone at 781-502-8582 or via e- mal at liulezi2012@hotmail.com Thank you for your time and...

Words: 319 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Student

...Study of Asia-Pacific MBA Programs Bloomberg Business week posted an article on March 17th 2014 titled, Elite Business Schools Hike Tuition for the Class of 2016. This article draws a comparison between tuition costs for the class of 2015 for selected US MBA programs and the class of 2016. Tuition costs are increasing more and more every year, for this reason looking at other alternatives may be more cost effective. The following study provides and interpretation of tuition cots both local and foreign in the Asia-Pacific region. From this study we can see the comparison between tuition costs and starting salaries. We can also see other deciding factors such as admission requirements. Finally this study provides a recommendation for an MBA program in the Asia-Pacific region. Please note Table 1.1 listing the study’s programs with their correlating graph ID. Table 1.1 Business School | Graph ID | Lahore University of Management Sciences | LUMS | Indian Institute of Management (Calcutta) | IIMC | University of New South Wales (Sydney) | UNSW | Indian Institute of Management (Bangalore) | IIMB | Curtin Institute of Technology (Perth) | CIT | Massey University (Palmerston North, New Zealand) | MU | University of Queensland (Brisbane) | UQ | University of Adelaide | UA | Monash Mt. Eliza Business School (Melbourne) | MMEBS | Melbourne Business School | MBS | Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology | RMIT | Macquarie Graduate School of Management...

Words: 3907 - Pages: 16

Free Essay

Student

...THE RATE OF INVOLVEMENT OF KPTM KL’S STUDENTS IN SPORTS AT THE COLLEGE Prepared by : MUHAMMAD AEZHAD BIN AZHAR CVB130724387 MUHAMMAD FARHAN BIN ABDUL RAHMAN CVB130724287 RAHMAN MUSTAQIM BIN KHOSAIM CVB130724279 MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN MOHD HUSNI CVB130724388 Prepared for : Madam Jaaz Suhaiza Jaafar Submitted in partial fulfillments of the requirement of the 106km course. TABLE OF CONTENTS NUMBER | CONTENTS | PAGES | 1. | ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 3 | 2. | INTRODUCTION | 4 | 3. | OBJECTIVES | 5 | 4. | METHODOLOGY | 6-7 | 5. | GRAPH | 8-11 | 6. | CONCLUSION | 12 | 7. | APPENDIX TABLE | 13 | 8. | APPENDIX | 14-17 | ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all,we really want to thankful to Madam Jaaz Suhaiza Jaafar because allowed me to do this mini project until we’ve successfully completed it.We want thankful too because madam helped us a lot such as give instructions or order how to make it properly done until we’ve finished it. If we didn’t get help from madam,its really hard to us for completed it in a short time. We also want to very thankful too all our 50 respondents which all of them its from KPTM KL students who was in diploma,degree or professional. They all was nice and very friendly with us and nobody refuse to give a little time to fill up our questionnaire. We really want to wish thanked you so much because without them we can’t finished our mini project. Last but not least,thank you so much too our...

Words: 2116 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Student

...playing a basic rule in the education, and the government was searching for a solution to eliminate this phenomenon. They found that establish public schools overall the states will improve a lot of the poor income people to be introduced in the educational field, and over the years will produce community with cultured educated society. The education is varies in all levels, starting from preschool reaching to postgraduate like masters and doctoral degree. The insurance of improvement in education that any non U.S graduate must have multiple exams prior to admission e.g. TOEFL, ILETS, GRE, GMAT. Nowadays there are gradual increase in the numbers of international students want to continue their educations in United States. The improvement of the education in United States is very obvious and attracts the students worldwide, and they release a lot of plans in progress. All the opportunities social, health, economic, academic will depend on the basic structure...

Words: 306 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Student

...Retention(n), retain verb (used with object) the ​continued use, ​existence, or ​possession of something or someone:Two ​influential ​senators have ​argued for the retention of the ​unpopular ​tax.The retention of ​old ​technology has ​slowed the company's ​growth.​water/​heat retention Particularly(adv) Especially(adv) Deter(v) to make someone less likely to do something, or to make something less likely to happen caydırmak, vazgeçirmek, yıldırmak Perception(n) BELIEF [C]› what you think or believe about someone or something algılama, sezgi, görme The public perception of him as a hero is surprising. NOTICE [U] the ability to notice something fark etme, farkına varma, tanıma, görme Alcohol reduces your perception of pain. Conationimpulse Unanimous agreed by everyoneoy birliği ile üzerinde uzlaşılan; herkesçe kabul edilen; genel kabul görenThe jury was unanimous in finding him guilty. unanimity     /ˌjuːnəˈnɪməti/ noun [U]› when everyone agrees about somethinggenel/toplumsal uzlaşı; oy birliği ile anlaşma; genel kabul; fikir birliğiunanimously adverb›oy birliği ile kabul edilmişThe members unanimously agreed to the proposal. dissonancenoun [U]  UK   /ˈdɪs.ən.əns/  US   /ˈdɪs.ə.nəns/      › specialized music a ​combination of ​sounds or ​musical ​notes that are not ​pleasant when ​heard together:the ​jarring dissonance of Klein's ​musical ​score› formal ​disagreement dissonant adjective UK   /ˈdɪs.ən.ənt/  US   /ˈdɪs.ə.nənt/ specializedor formal ›a dissonant ​combination of...

Words: 335 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Student

...Student Handbook 2015/2016 www.praguecollege.cz Table of Contents Introduction Message from the Director Mission, Vision and Values Why study at Prague College Admissions A short guide to Prague College qualifications English for Higher Education Foundation Diploma in Business Foundation Diploma in Computing Foundation Diploma in Art & Design Professional Diplomas in Business Professional Diplomas in Computing Higher National Diploma BA (Hons) International Business Management BA (Hons) International Business Management (Flexible Study Programme) BA (Hons) Business Finance & Accounting BA (Hons) Graphic Design BA (Hons) Fine Art Exp. Media BSc (Hons) Computing BA (Hons) Communications & Media Studies MSc International Management MSc Computing Accreditation & Validation UK/Pearson Credit system Transfer of credits Student support Accommodation Study Advising and Support Financial support Visas for foreign students Scholarships Benefits for students Study abroad Internships Assistance in employment Counselling Centre Student Resources Computer labs Online Learning Centre (Moodle) Prague College email Physical library Digital Library ISIFA Images Textbooks and class materials Graphic Design/Interactive Media/Fine Art materials and costs Personal computers Message boards and digital signs Newsletters Open lectures, seminars and events Student ID cards Centre for Research and Interdisciplinary Studies (CRIS) Prague...

Words: 27092 - Pages: 109

Free Essay

International Student

...[pic] TOPIC: INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES ABOUT HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE UK Student: Pham Trang Huyen My Student ID: 77142444 10 weeks Pre-sessional course December, 2013 List of content Abstract 3 1. Introduction 4 2. Literature review 5 2.1. Higher Education in the UK 5 2.2. Teacher-student relationships and the quality of teaching 5 2.3. Different learning styles 6 2.4. Group work 7 2.5. Financial issues 8 3. Methodology 9 4. Results 10 5. Discussion 14 6. Conclusion 16 List of References 17 Appendix 19 Abstract Higher education is a competitive business which produces huge benefits for the UK economy. This paper reveals international students’ attitudes about UK higher education and focuses on direct factors which can affect students’ opinions. Reports of international students’ attitudes already carried out in Leeds Metropolitan University are analyzed and the main findings are emphasized. A total of eighteen international students interviewed provided data on their experience in UK education that involves the challenges they have faced and what they have achieved. The project concludes that not only UK tuition fees but also the quality of education can affect international students’ decision to study in the UK. Therefore measures should be taken in...

Words: 3732 - Pages: 15

Free Essay

Working Student

...INTRODUCTION Many students of HRM in Taguig City University work part-time Employment during school could improve grades if working promotes aspects that correspond with academic success, such as industriousness or time management skills, or instead reduce grades by reducing time and energy available for school work. Otherwise, working might be associated with academic performance, yet not directly influence it, if unobserved student differences influence both labor supply and grades. Unmotivated students might neither work for pay nor receive good grades because they put little effort into the labor market or school. In contrast, HRM students uninterested in academics might work long hours that would otherwise have been devoted to leisure. Students might misjudge the link between college achievement and future earnings when making labor supply decisions. If so, obtaining a consistent estimate of how such decisions affect academic performance is prospectively important for policy consideration. Some of HRM students in Taguig City University Students are more likely to work than they are to live on campus, to study full time, to attend a four-year college or university, or to apply for or receive financial aid. Students work regardless of the type of institution they attend, their age or family responsibilities, or even their family income or educational and living expenses. Most HRM students at Taguig City University face many challenges in their already busy everyday lives...

Words: 2898 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

Student Adversity

... Adversity allows an individual to develop a sense of discipline, as well as encouraging individuals to exercise their mind to confront a problem or conflict. Specifically, students who encounter hardships are more inclined to try harder, which promotes competition within the school. Although adversity may be beneficial towards some students, challenges can be detrimental for students who lack confidence. For instance, some students develop a mentality of despair; they believe that if one has to work hard, then the person does not have the natural ability for the assignment. Based on the effects of adversity aforementioned, I believe that students can both benefit from the obstacles faced in school with the proper mentality or the effects could be hindering. Students face adversity every day, regardless of how transparent the obstacle may be; some problems may not be as evident as others. According to Carol S. Dweck, author of Brainology, all students face adversities throughout their high-school career, specifically, the challenge of overcoming a fixed mindset. In this excerpt, “The belief that intelligence is fixed dampened students’ motivation to learn, made them afraid of effort, and made them want to quit after a setback”, Carol portrays the illusion that students have over intuitive intelligence (Dweck 2). Students who share this belief of a...

Words: 1029 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Student Handbook

...Student Handbook (Procedure & Guideline) for Undergraduate Programmes 2014 Revised: April 2014 UCSI Education Sdn. Bhd. (185479-U) VISION AND MISSION STATEMENT OF UCSI UNIVERSITY VISION STATEMENT To be an intellectually resilient praxis university renowned for its leadership in academic pursuits and engagement with the industry and community MISSION STATEMENT  To promote transformative education that empowers students from all walks of life to be successful individuals with integrity, professionalism and a desire to contribute to society  To optimize relationships between industry and academia through the provision of quality education and unparalleled workplace exposure via Praxis Centres  To spearhead innovation in teaching and learning excellence through unique delivery systems  To foster a sustainable culture of research, value innovation and practice, in partnership with industries and society  To operate ethically at the highest standards of efficiency, while instilling values of inclusiveness, to sustain the vision for future generations 2 UCSI Education Sdn. Bhd. (185479-U) Graduate Attributes Getting a university degree is every student‟s ultimate dream because it opens doors to career opportunities anywhere in the world. A university degree is proof of one‟s intellectual capacity to absorb, utilize and apply knowledge at the workplace. However, in this current competitive world, one‟s knowledge and qualifications...

Words: 28493 - Pages: 114

Premium Essay

Student Policy

...Student Academic Policies Computer Usage: Sullivan University Systems (SUS) provides computer networking for all staff, students and anyone else affiliated with the university community. Sullivan University will provide a platform that is conducive for learning while maintain and respecting the user privacy. Users are authorized to use the accounts only. Passwords should be protected, please keep the confidential (Computer Usage. (2012) Sullivan University. Student Handbook 2012-2013, pp. 12-14.). While using the SUS users have a responsibility and are expected to follow some key rules: 1. Do not abuse the equipment 2. Computers must be used for course work 3. No unauthorized down loading 4. At no time will user install software of any kind Disciplinary action for violations of the Computer usage of policy will be enforced and are as follows: 1. Loss of computer privileges 2. Disconnection from the network 3. Expulsion 4. Prosecution The Compute usage policy is standard and pretty straight forward. The statement lets students know what is and is not proper usage. What I would have like to have seen is a social media portion in the usage policy. Academic Integrity: Cheating and Plagiarism is a violation of the University’s Academic Integrity Policy. All students are expected to submit their own work. Penalties for those who are found guilty of cheating may include: (Academic Integrity. (2014, January 1) Sullivan University. Sullivan University 2014 Catalog...

Words: 320 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Student Satisfaction

...between the quality of school facilities and student...

Words: 2174 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Working Students

...performance of hiring working students Introduction While most students have parents that can support them, there are those students that need get what you call a “part-time job” to help their parents that can’t support them all the way. However, being employed and being a student can be too much to a person. The business process outsourcing industry in the Philippines has grown 46% annually since 2006. In its 2013 top 100 ranking of global outsourcing destinations. Significance of the Study There are situations in the life when one must do what they can to achieve their dreams or help their families. Especially if dealt with financial difficulties and there is a need work while studying. They also need to deal with their everyday busy schedules. This research aims to help understand and discuss the issues and concerns of the employed students to benefit the following: Working Students – Being an employee and student at the same time takes a lot of hard work. It can be rigorous but also rewarding especially if you helped your parents. It can also be a good working experience for them for their future. This study will assist them to see the behaviors that help them achieve their professional skills. Scope and Limitations This is study is conducted at the LPU-Manila and the information is viewed only in the light of the particular student and his or her experience as working student. It does not reflect the view of the general working student population or that of other...

Words: 606 - Pages: 3