...Ethics and Business Success Overview Ethics are the principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual, a social group, or society as a whole. When it comes to professional ethics, we take into consideration our personal values, family background, culture, education, and religion or philosophy before making important decisions. These factors provide the framework from which we base our decisions and justify our actions. Unfortunately not everything in life is so cut and dry, there often exist many gray areas that can lead to ethical dilemmas, since what one person thinks is the right course of action might not always appeal to everyone else’s ethical sensibilities. For many the words “business” and “ethics” form an oxymoron. We are frequently inundated with reports of ethical misconduct in the business world—misappropriated finances, inflated earnings, labor misconduct, and environmental recklessness are just a few of the many egregious acts to which we have become familiar. In this reading, we will explore the importance of business ethics and closely study how it relates to corporate success. We will take a look at several stellar examples of companies that regularly exhibit high ethical standards. While you read, consider how your personal ethics come into play when you make business and personal decisions that affect others. Codes of Conduct The first step towards implementing ethical business practices is to clarify what types of behaviors a company...
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...1. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and its Importance: 1.1 Definition of CSR: What does Corporate Social Responsibility or CSR mean? The World Business Council for Sustainable Development in its publication Making Good Business Sense by Lord Holme and Richard Watts, used the following definition: Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and to contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families, as well as of the local community and society at large. Traditionally in the United States, CSR has been defined much more in terms of a philanthropic model. Companies make profits, unhindered except by fulfilling their duty to pay taxes. Then they donate a certain share of the profits to charitable causes. The European model is much more focused on operating the core business in a socially responsible way, complemented by investment in communities. This model tends to be more sustainable because : • Social responsibility becomes an integral part of the wealth creation process - which if managed properly should enhance the competitiveness of business and maximise the value of wealth creation to society. • When times get hard, there is the incentive to practice CSR more and better - if it is a philanthropic exercise that is peripheral to the main business, it will always be the first thing to go when push comes to shove. Different organisations have...
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...EHR_C02.qxd 6/6/07 3:55 PM Page 27 CHAPTER 2 Ethics and Human Resource Management By Amanda Rose Chapter outline Standards, values, morals and ethics have become increasingly complex in a postmodern society where absolutes have given way to tolerance and ambiguity. This particularly affects managers in HR, where decisions will affect people’s jobs and their future employment. This chapter explores some of the ethical dilemmas encountered in the workplace, discussing ethical behaviour and values that relate to HR. It looks at relevant ethical tools, such as utilitarianism and relativism in order to examine current practices in the workplace and their links to corporate social responsibility. Learning outcomes By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: u u u u Critically explore and evaluate the ethical nature of human resource management; Identify and define current ethical and moral issues confronting HR managers; Compare, contrast and critically appraise a range of approaches to ethical analysis; Critically appraise the relevance and usefulness of philosophical analysis to HR practice. Introduction Human Resource Management is a business function that is concerned with managing relations between groups of people in their capacity as employees, employers and managers. Inevitably, this process may raise questions about what the respective responsibilities and rights of each party are in this relationship, and about what constitutes fair treatment....
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...| Sustainability management | | | | | * Executive Summary Sustainability is a key concern for the business now-a-days. Firms are now triggering resources and practices towards the sustainable growth of the business. Shell Group, a leading firm in energy industry, is trying to turn their resources for being sustainable in their business practices. For being so, they can follow two approaches such as Carroll’s four part model of CSR and stakeholder analysis. It has become a vital concern for the firms like shell to conduct CSR activities as they have to operate in an environment where they have to be economically viable as well as conforming to the legal laws, rights and obligations of the society. Not only the corporate social responsibility but also the stakeholder’s satisfaction can influence a great deal in the firm’s success. So, the stakeholder’s theory means a lot to the firms. Stakeholders can be internal as well as external. For applying those approaches, shell has to consider several analysis like cost benefit, life cycle analysis, environmental impact analysis, stakeholder matrix , segmentation analysis and so on. Finally, the company will get findings of taking one approaches as per the analysis to implement for being sustainable. * Contents Executive Summary 1 1 Introduction 3 2 For effective management of sustainability, these two approaches can be considered by the Shell Group as prescribed. The approaches are 4 2.1 Carroll’s...
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...Reebok disputes sweatshop claims A News item from Business Respect, Issue Number 85, dated 22 Jul 2005 Reebok has described as 'inaccurate and unfair' accusations by the National Labor Committee that workers at its Honduras factory work in sweatshop condictions. The NLC said that Reebok paid only 19 cents to workers for each $75 jersey produced and suffered other treatment such as required pregnancy testing for women workers, and sought to draw attention to its claims through a demonstration outside the National Basketball Association store in New York. The company said in a statement that it would take further steps to assess workplace conditions at its Hansoll factory, but that it believed the claims were unjustified. The exchange comes as Nike and Gap have recently produced social and environmental reports giving new levels of frank disclosure around problems in the companies' supply chains. Posts Tagged ‘reebok’ Nike Just Did It. What Are Timberland, Adidas, Reebok and Clarks Waiting For? Friday, August 7th, 2009 Soon after we released our “Slaughtering the Amazon” report, Nike got in touch with us. The report showed that demand for shoe leather is one of the key drivers of deforestation in the Amazon, as rainforest is cleared to make room for the expanding cattle ranching industry. So Nike was keen to make sure that their business wasn’t contributing to Amazon destruction. Over the last few weeks we’ve been working with the company, and the good news is that...
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...STRATEGIC HR MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY Case Aetna: Investing in Diversity Case By Wayne Cascio, Ph.D. PROJECT TEAM Author: Wayne Cascio, Ph.D. SHRM project contributor: Nancy A. Woolever, SPHR Copy editing: Katya Scanlan, copy editor Design: Blair Wright, senior graphic designer © 2009 Society for Human Resource Management. Wayne Cascio, Ph.D. Development of this case was made possible by a grant from the Society for Human Resource Management and the National Academy of Human Resources. All of the characters in the case are fictitious. Information presented was current as of the time the case was written. Any errors are solely the author’s. Note to HR faculty and instructors: SHRM cases and modules are intended for use in HR classrooms at universities. Teaching notes are included with each. While our current intent is to make the materials available without charge, we reserve the right to impose charges should we deem it necessary to support the program. However, currently, these resources are available free of charge to all. Please duplicate only the number of copies needed, one for each student in the class. For more information, please contact: SHRM Academic Initiatives 1800 Duke Street, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA Phone: +1-800-283-7476 Fax: +1-703-535-6432 Web: www.shrm.org/education/hreducation 09-0365 Aetna: Investing in Diversity INTRODUCTION Raymond Marcos, chief diversity officer at Aetna, is preparing to make a presentation ...
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...Competency James McNerney, CEO of Boeing Diversity and Ethics Diversity Competency Verizon’s Workplace Diversity Stakeholder Responsibility and Ethics Ethics Competency Johnson & Johnson’s Stakeholder Ethics and Principles Experiential Exercise and Case Experiential Exercise: Ethics Competency What Is Your Decision? Case: Diversity Competency Consensual Relationship Agreements Learning from Experience Anne Mulcahy, Chairman and CEO of Xerox, Commits to Business Ethics Anne M. Mulcahy is the chairman and CEO of the Xerox Corporation, headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut. Xerox is best known for its copiers, but it also makes printers, scanners, and fax machines. The company sells document software and copier supplies and also provides consulting and document outsourcing. In this feature and throughout the chapter, we present a number of aspects of Anne Mulcahy’s personal commitment to ethics and Xerox’s initiatives for nurturing an ethically based organization. When Mulcahy was appointed the CEO in 2001, it was not the best time to be the company’s leader. On May 11, 2000, Xerox fired CEO Richard Thoman (later charged with, but not convicted of, accounting fraud), and promoted Mulcahy...
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...2013 Organizational Change Management By Seyed Jafar Payandeh College of London, UCK Tutor: Professor Kay Crewe Student of PGDip in Strategic Management and Leadership Final assignment submission date: 07/02/2013 Table of Content Subject Page Task 1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...2 1.1 Three models of strategic change…………………………………………………………………………………………...2 1.2 Evaluating the relevance of the models in organizations in current economy……………………....…6 1.3 Assessing the value of strategic intervention techniques in organizations……………………………….7 Task 2…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...8 2.1 Examining the need for strategic change within Tesco…………………………………………………………..…8 2.2 Assessing the factors that driving the need for change within Tesco………………………………………..8 2.3 Assessing the resource implications of an organization not responding to a changing market..9 Task 3………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….10 3.1 Develop systems to involve stakeholders in the planning of changing and show how you would evaluate these systems……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….10 2.2 Develop a change management strategy with stakeholders and how you would create a strategy for managing resistance to change…………………………………………………………………………………11 Task 4………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….14 4.1 Three models of strategic change………………………………………………………………………………………….14 4.2 Evaluating the relevance of the models...
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... Executive Summary Resources are scarce and overstretched as a result of the fiercely competitive global environment which is as a result of globalisation, population increment and development of new technologies. On the basis of food food supply chain’s dependency on these scarce resources, sustainability of food has to be adopted through various approaches – the conventional approach (freetraide food supply chain) and the alternative approach (fairtrade food supply chain). This report focuses on sustainability, challenges of sustainability, key reasons for sustainability, food supply chain sustainability theme as well as a critical examination, analysis and appraisal of the fairtrade food food supply chain as advocated by Fairtrade Foundation and Fairtrade International and the normal freetrade food food supply chain through a comparative analysis which is based on consultation of materials from Fairtrade Foundation, Fairtrade International as well as other secondary sources (such as textbooks, articles, journals and websites). The report concludes that freetrade is a better option to manage the partnership between producers and consumers within a food food supply chain. However, fairtrade could still flourish if its techniques and principles are exposed to a continuous external and internal scrutiny against the continuous movement of the forces of demand and supply which always shape the dynamic nature of the competitive market. Executive Summary i 1.0 Introduction...
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...significantly more complex. Customers could insure themselves against all sorts of eventualities—such as a rise or fall in interest rates, a change in the weather, or a customer's inability to pay. By the end, the volume of such financial contracts far outstripped the volume of contracts to deliver actual commodities, and Enron was employing a small army of Ph.D.s in mathematics, physics, and economics to help manage its risk. As Enron's products and services evolved, so did the company's culture. In this newly deregulated and innovative forum, Enron embraced a culture that rewarded "cleverness." Now that formal regulatory limits had been removed, pushing the envelope was seen as the best way to operate particularly in Enron's Finance Corporation. Deregulation opened the industry up to experimentation and the culture at Enron was one that expected employees to...
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...ORGANIZATIONAL POWER POLITICS This page intentionally left blank ORGANIZATIONAL POWER POLITICS Tactics in Organizational Leadership Second Edition GILBERT W. FAIRHOLM PRAEGER An Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC Copyright © 2009 by Gilbert W. Fairholm All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fairholm, Gilbert W. Organizational power politics : tactics in organizational leadership / Gilbert W. Fairholm. — 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-313-37976-5 (alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-313-37977-2 (ebook) 1. Office politics. 2. Leadership. 3. Power (Social sciences) I. Title. HF5386.5.F35 2009 658.4’095—dc22 2009018808 13 12 11 10 09 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America Contents Preface Acknowledgement Introduction: The History and Theory of Power Part I: Defining Power in Work Group Operations Chapter 1: Elements of a Definition Chapter 2: Defining the Forms of Power Chapter...
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...CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER OUTLINE What Is Managerial Ethics? Criteria for Ethical Decision Making Utilitarian Approach Individualism Approach Moral Rights Approach Justice Approach Factors Affecting Ethical Choices The Manager The Organization What Is Social Responsibility? Organizational Stakeholders The Ethic of Sustainability and the Natural Environment Evaluating Corporate Social Performance Economic Responsibilities Legal Responsibilities Ethical Responsibilities Discretionary Responsibilities Managing Company Ethics and Social Responsibility Ethical Individuals Ethical Leadership Organizational Structures and Systems Ethical Challenges in Turbulent Times Economic Performance Social Entrepreneurship Managerial Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to do the following: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Define ethics and explain how ethical behavior relates to behavior governed by law and free choice. Explain the utilitarian, individualism, moral rights, and justice approaches for evaluating ethical behavior. Describe how individual and organizational factors shape ethical decision making. Define corporate social responsibility and how to evaluate it along economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary criteria. Describe four organizational approaches to environmental responsibility, and explain the philosophy of sustainability. Discuss how ethical organizations are created through ethical leadership and organizational...
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...es acculpa dolecae. Re nes eum nescimos inci dolum venihilitem ius, aut earchic ideriss equam, omnim nonet voles est quaere reptas am fugiatiis et rempelibus alibus. Ommost od et ulpa quid et mo blaut odi testios et, officia sitaqua sperum ipid qui blandaecus aperum dit vidis vollenda nimporr ovitatem nonet accusdaeris et aut earchilique porent. Itat odis nulpa se proreni sinciae. Ent eatur, coria voluptation ex et estionet remporporum quid ma culpa quate mincil moloria ndaestrunt. Minctas mi, tesciis delesti stiorrorest modipic iusdaniata nobit et lamet eum fuga. At rerspid itempor as quunt ationet omniendipis vendios con nulluptur, si deles pos magnam incid quos delique essequam nes dendis sae poremqui dit occabora in est, nimuscitiore di omnimodit quatum voluptas acerupit invenim inienimet volorecabo. Nam, ni omnis min res experio. Et omnimil lestruptate in est, ium volupis delest lique lab illoritatus. Henihit atiorestia dolor sit perspel endignis quo mod mincit quist fugit inci qui rehenis repero mo voles management in practice Riassi dentiumquam, officiis aligenihita nossimint. For Certificate IV BSB41013 and Diploma BSB50613 ly volorrum rehent officabo. Corio maiore ni ullore quis et quaecepremo et on Lisimaxi magnihicit esciendit que eratem. Non eos ipsam quo to maximagnam human resource management in practice e ese ped eveliquis il mi, ommolup tatinis etur sequiscienis autaque earibus. pl alitior estrund emquodiatur...
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...motivated, committed, and high performing. When leaders are ineffective, chances are good that their subordinates do not perform to the level of their capabilities, lack motivation, and may be dissatisfied. This chapter describes what leadership is and examines major leadership models and theories that have been developed by various researchers. It also describes how managers engaging in transformational leadership can have a dramatic impact upon their organization and discusses the impact of gender on leadership. Learning Objectives 1. Describe what leadership is, when leaders are effective and ineffective, and the sources of power that enable managers to be effective leaders. 1. Identify the traits that show the strongest relationship to leadership, the behaviors leaders engage in, and the limitations of the trait and behavior models of leadership. 2. Explain how contingency models of leadership enhance our understanding of effective leadership and management in organization. 3. Describe what transformational leadership is, and explain how managers can engage in it. 4. Characterize the relationship between gender and leadership. MANAGEMENT SNAPSHOT: EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP STYLES FOR TOUGH TIMES: LESSONS FROM HOWARD SCHULTZ, RICHARD SCHULZE, DAVID FARR, AND LOU GERSTNER Each of these persons is a current or former chairman or CEO. Their companies compete within different industries. What they have in common is that as leaders, they developed effective strategies...
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...Overview of Chapter This chapter examines the global environment and identifies the various forces emanating from it which managers must perceive, interpret, and respond to. These forces are divided into two categories, the global task/specific and the general. The chapter also discusses the forces behind the process of globalization and the challenges that today’s open trade environment present to managers. The chapter then closes with a discussion of national culture, its impact upon organizations, and a model to be used to compare various national cultures. Learning Objectives 1. Explain why the ability to perceive, interpret, and respond appropriately to the organizational environment is crucial for managerial success. (LO1) 2. Identify the main forces in both the global task and general environments and describe the challenges that each force presents to managers. (LO2) 3. Explain why the global environment is becoming more open and competitive and identify the forces behind the process of globalization that increase the opportunities, challenges and threats, and complexities that managers face. (LO3) 4. Discuss why national cultures differ and why it is important that managers be sensitive to the effects of falling trade barriers and regional trade associations on the political and social systems of nations around the world. (LO 4) MANAGEMENT SNAPSHOT: NESTLE’S FOOD EMPIRE Nestle, a global organization, is headquartered in Vevey...
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