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Introducción
Chabot es una empresa privada que diseña, comercializa y fabrica papel tapiz. Los productos de la compañía se envían en todo el país bajo la marca Chabot. Además de los productos etiquetados propios de la empresa, Chabot también fabrica y distribuye diseños caracter con licencia y marcas privadas. El año pasado, Chabot tuvo ingresos por ventas anuales de aproximadamente $ 200M.
Zach Miller es el director general de Chabot y se ha convertido cada vez más preocupados por las prácticas de la cadena de suministro de la compañía. Métricas de rendimiento financieros están sufriendo, los niveles de inventario están aumentando, y los clientes no están satisfechos con el nivel actual de servicio. Sus preocupaciones fueron validados cuando recibió una carta inquietante de su principal cliente la semana pasada (Ver Anexo 1). La carta cliente sugiere que todo su negocio está en peligro si no hay mejoras sustanciales en la rotación de inventario, la financiación de rebajas para el inventario no productivo, y los niveles de servicio de cumplimiento de pedidos. Perder el mayor cliente de Chabot solamente exacerbaría la tendencia actual de disminución de los ingresos netos (Ver
Declaración de ingresos). Por lo tanto, el Sr. Miller ha contratado a una empresa de consultoría para revisar la cadena de suministro Chabot y recomendar acciones apropiadas.

Descripción de la Industria
La industria del papel pintado por menor incluye cerca de 8.000 tiendas con ingresos anuales combinados de $ 400M. La industria se concentra en los 10 principales minoristas representan alrededor del 90 por ciento de las ventas. Puntos de venta al por menor para los consumidores incluyen centros para el hogar, ferreterías, mayoristas y vendedores en línea directa. Empresas como Lowe,
Home Depot, Sherwin Williams, Sears, y 1-800-Wallpaper tienen cuotas de mercado sustanciales en la industria. El número de fabricantes de papel pintado ha disminuido considerablemente en las últimas décadas.
Durante los años 70, cuando la popularidad de fondo de pantalla alcanzó su punto máximo, había docenas de fabricantes. Hoy hay menos de 10 fabricantes. La competencia es intensa como los fabricantes luchan por la cuota de mercado restante, y las preferencias del consumidor y los patrones de compra se ven afectados por otros tipos de revestimientos de pared, tales como pintura, estuco, y otras superficies con textura.
La construcción de viviendas, las tendencias de remodelación, y las preferencias de decoración de interiores en coche de la demanda en esta industria. La rentabilidad de los fabricantes individuales depende de merchandising con eficacia y el desarrollo de nuevos artículos de moda a costos razonables.
El precio medio de venta por un solo rollo de papel pintado es $ 16, según la pintura y la Asociación de
Decoración minoristas. Márgenes minoristas iniciales en esta industria se encuentran cerca de 45%, pero las rebajas de viejos patrones interrumpidas frecuentemente resultan en pérdidas para los minoristas y fabricantes.

Los comerciantes de masas
Varios de los comerciantes de masas han ido creciendo cada vez más crítica de la categoría de fondo de pantalla y el nivel de servicio al cliente que reciben de todos los fabricantes de papel tapiz. Este segmento de clientes representa casi el 80% del negocio de Chabot. Los minoristas han cuestionado la productividad del inventario de la variedad y de la capacidad de los fabricantes de papel pintado para responder a las demandas del cliente. El alto nivel de insatisfacción de los clientes se muestra en una carta de Lowe (Ver Anexo 1) es consistente con las quejas constantes de otros clientes de grandes empresas. Los minoristas tienen esencialmente tres quejas básicas. En primer lugar, la rotación de inventarios a nivel de tienda es inaceptablemente baja. Inventario llevar los costes en el papel pintado puede ser tan alta como 50%. En general, la rotación de inventarios en los almacenes de los rangos generales surtido fondo de pantalla 1,5 a 2,0 vueltas por año. Los minoristas les gustaría ver esa cifra casi se duplicará para cumplir con sus estándares de productividad o que le dará el espacio para otras categorías como la pintura. Aunque algunos artículos cumplen con este estándar facturación, la mayoría de los artículos

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wallpaper no. El 20% de los artículos tienen vueltas de unos 5-6 veces al año. El siguiente 30% de los artículos tienen turnos de 2 veces al año. La parte inferior del 50% de los artículos tienen vueltas de muy por debajo de un turno por año.
La segunda queja importante de los minoristas está relacionada con el servicio. Cuando Chabot hace introducir un nuevo patrón que tiene éxito, que no tienen la capacidad para cumplir con la demanda.
Los minoristas ver nuevos elementos de cerca y si los patrones de ventas comienzan a superar las cantidades previstas originales, aumentan las órdenes de mantenerse al día con las demandas del consumidor. Desafortunadamente, Chabot no es capaz de seguir el ritmo de estos aumentos de orden dentro del plazo de entrega acordado cumplimiento de la orden de 10 días.
En consecuencia, los minoristas están fuera de acción para 4-6 semanas en los artículos más vendidos.
La respuesta de Chabot a este problema ha sido el aumento de las cantidades iniciales conjunto tienda a partir de 16 rollos de 24 rollos en todos los artículos para que tengan tiempo para fabricar más fondos de escritorio sin crear agotamiento de las existencias. Los minoristas no han estado dispuestos a adoptar este enfoque.
La tercera queja importante de los minoristas es la cantidad de improductivo y obsoleto inventario fondo de pantalla que requiere rebajas sustanciales a moverse. Aunque los comerciantes coinciden en que los nuevos patrones de papel tapiz es necesario introducir cada cuatro meses para estar al día con las tendencias de la moda, la mayoría de los nuevos elementos no realizan bien y necesitan ser marcados por al menos el 75% para vender a través del inventario descontinuado. La cantidad de inventario improductiva en el surtido fondo de pantalla a menudo supera el 50% del presupuesto total de la categoría inventario. En el pasado, los minoristas han estado dispuestos a compartir este costo de rebajas con Chabot, pero ahora están pidiendo Chabot a cualquiera de financiar todo el dinero de rebajas, o sólo introducir los más vendidos nuevos SKUs. Chabot (así como todos los otros fabricantes) sostiene que la previsión de nuevas ventas de artículos es imposible de hacer con precisión en una industria de la moda, por lo que está considerando la posibilidad de absorción de todos los fondos de rebajas como un costo de hacer negocios. Para cubrir estos costos, Chabot y los minoristas están considerando una serie de opciones de ahorro de costes, como la consolidación de pedidos, crossdocking todo wallpaper SKUs, ciclos de producción más largos, y el aumento de los mínimos de orden.

Comportamiento Del Consumidor
Aunque los comerciantes masivos como Lowe y Home Depot son los clientes de negocio inmediatos de
Chabot, tendencias de ventas en la industria están determinadas en última instancia por los clientes individuales que compran fondos de escritorio de los minoristas. Por lo tanto, es esencial para comprender las tendencias de comportamiento del consumidor en la industria del papel pintado. Los consumidores seleccionar fondos de escritorio navegando a través de libros de muestras de diversos fabricantes. Los consumidores quieren una amplia variedad de modelos y estilos para revisar las ideas.
Los minoristas pueden emplear diseñadores para ayudar a los consumidores a hacer selecciones apropiadas. Clientes típicos son los contratistas; los constructores de viviendas; hacer las cosas ellos mismos (HUM); arquitectos; y diseñadores de interiores.
Las investigaciones demuestran sistemáticamente que los consumidores a tomar decisiones de compra del papel pintado en base a dos factores principales. En primer lugar, el estilo y el atractivo de la imagen de fondo individuo unidades diseño buyerbehavior. Por lo tanto, los fabricantes introducen nuevos productos, aproximadamente cada cuatro meses con el fin de mantener sus surtidos en la vanguardia de las tendencias de moda. Debido a que los fabricantes de papel pintado introducen constantemente nuevos patrones y descontinuar los viejos patrones, los minoristas intentan mantener bajos inventarios, realizar pedidos de acuerdo con la demanda de los clientes, y esperan el cumplimiento de pedidos rápida de los fabricantes.
El segundo factor importante para impactar el comportamiento del consumidor es la disponibilidad en stock. El producto debe estar disponible en cantidades suficientes para completar un trabajo, o de los consumidores se verá en otros lugares. Dependiendo del tamaño de una casa, por lo general toma 3-4 rollos de papel pintado para completar una habitación. Más del 94% de los proyectos wallpaper implican una habitación (es decir, cocina, baño o dormitorio) en una casa.

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La demanda de papel tapiz varía según la región dentro del país. Tradicionalmente, las áreas como el medio oeste y el noreste han utilizado fondos de escritorio como una pared primaria que cubre toda varias habitaciones en una casa. Además de la variabilidad geográfica de la demanda global de papel tapiz, la demanda de los patrones individuales varía enormemente según la región. Las zonas costeras han visto el resurgimiento de la demanda de papel tapiz con ciertos tipos de patrones de playa y el océano ganando popularidad. Los colores y estilos que son populares en la Florida suelen ser diferentes de los patrones populares en Indiana. Debido a la amplia gama de preferencias de productos, Chabot ofrece miles de diferentes tipos de SKUs

Fabricación
El proceso de fabricación Chabot consta de cuatro pasos distintos y separados. Todos los pasos areperformed en su lugar de fabricación Tennessee. En primer lugar, el material de sustrato necesita beprepared. Este paso consiste en la adquisición de materias primas, medir y mezclar estos materiales, presionando los materiales en láminas largas, haciendo rodar el material de sustrato final, y permitiendo que el substratetime se seque. Este primer paso en el proceso de fabricación por lo general toma alrededor de 3-4 semanas.
La segunda etapa de fabricación implica la aplicación de pasta para el material de sustrato de fondo.
Chabotonly vende fondo de pantalla pre-pegado y todos sus artículos utilizan la misma pasta básica. Los rollos de substrateare procesan a través de una operación de calandrado que se aplica una capa delgada de la pasta al sustrato andthen corre el sustrato pre-pegado a través de una serie de sopladores para secar la pasta antes de thesubstrate volver a la rodadura. Pre-pegar el sustrato tarda aproximadamente
1 día.
La tercera etapa de fabricación implica imprimir el patrón o diseño de papel tapiz. Los rollos pre-pegado de sustrato se procesan a través de un proceso de impresión similar a la producción de periódicos. Los colores y los patrones se imprimen o en relieve sobre el sustrato a través de una serie de rodillos.
Después de la impresión, sopladores se utilizan para secar la tinta y entonces los rollos grandes se ejecutan a través de una serie de cortadores con el fin de crear los rollos de papel pintado individuales.
Impresión, secado y corte dura aproximadamente 2 días. Sin embargo, el cambio a través de una línea de un patrón a otro puede tardar hasta 2 horas. Por lo tanto, Chabot trata de minimizar estos costos de cambio y producir la demanda trimestral prevista para un elemento en una carrera por lotes.
El paso final consiste en la fabricación de envases. Todos los rollos de papel pintado individuales se introducen en fundas de plástico transparentes. A partir de ahí, se aplica etiquetado separado para satisfacer las necesidades de cada minorista o canal de socios individuales. Los requisitos de etiquetado varían según el cliente, incluso para los patrones de papel tapiz idénticos. Este requisito de etiquetado, ya que cada minorista quiere tener su propio embalaje único con el fin de diferenciar sus marcas y ofertas de productos de los competidores.
Por ejemplo, "Coral Blue" es un patrón común llevada por 30 cadenas de tiendas diferentes. Aunque el rollo de papel pintado es idéntico para todos los 30 cadenas minoristas, el envase varía para cada cliente. Esto requiere Chabot para asignar y gestionar 30 SKUs separados para el patrón "Coral Blue", resultando en niveles de inventario adicionales. Embalaje tarda menos de 1 día.
En general, Chabot tiene la capacidad de fabricación suficiente para satisfacer la demanda anual total para el papel pintado. Sin embargo, ellos no tienen la flexibilidad en su proceso actual para responder rápidamente a los picos InDemand en patrones específicos. En consecuencia, Chabot normalmente tiene problemas cumpliendo órdenes fromretailers en nuevos patrones populares dentro de los plazos de entrega normales. Dados los problemas financieros del companyis experimentar (Ver Declaración de ingresos), el efectivo no está disponible para hacer grandes inversiones de capital inmanufacturing.

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Distribución
Chabot corre 5 centros de distribución de fondos de escritorio típicas (CDs) que distribuyen aproximadamente 10.000 SKUs a distintos segmentos de clientes. Los países en desarrollo se encuentran en el Ohio, Nueva York, Nueva Jersey, Tennessee y California. Con estas ubicaciones, todos los clientes de negocios están a tiempo de tránsito de 2 días para las entregas de pedidos. El Tennessee
DC se situarán junto a las instalaciones de fabricación en una zona rural, de bajo costo, área de seudoartrosis. Esta red de distribución es el resultado de las fusiones y adquisiciones que se han producido en los últimos 20 años la industria se consolidó. Utilización de la capacidad tiene alguna variación a lo largo del año, pero en promedio la red utiliza aproximadamente el 75% de la capacidad disponible y tiene un montón de espacio para almacenamiento adicional. Los propietarios de Chabot se sienten cómodos con la red porque todas las instalaciones son propiedad de la compañía y ya totalmente pagado.
Rollos individuales de papel pintado se colocan en una cantidad cartón principal de 8 cilindros. Con la introducción de nuevos elementos, las tiendas suelen recibir dos cajas de cartón o 16 rollos de papel tapiz para cada SKU. Si el producto se encuentra disponible, la reposición puede ocurrir dentro de las 48 horas a través de minoristas a través de los DC cajas de cartón individuales (es decir, 8 rollos de papel pintado a la vez). Algunos grandes minoristas han preguntado por qué el tamaño cartón principal es 8.
Chabot ha mantenido que su investigación ha demostrado el producto tiene que estar en la estantería para completar un trabajo, de lo contrario el cliente no comprará el patrón.

Asignación
Imagine que su equipo ha sido contratado como la consultora de Chabot Wallpaper Company. Sr.
Miller le gustaría saber lo siguiente:
1. ¿Cuáles son las principales cuestiones y problemas que enfrenta Chabot?
2. ¿Qué recomendaría usted para solucionar estos problemas?
3. ¿Existen oportunidades de aplazamiento de la cadena de suministro de fondo de pantalla?
4. ¿Por qué se justifican sus soluciones?

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1 de noviembre de 20XX

Sr. Zach Miller
CEO
Chabot Wallpaper Company
Statesboro, GA 30461

Estimado Sr. Miller:
Me dirijo a usted sobre el desempeño de la categoría de fondo de pantalla en Lowe (Ver resumen adjunto). Como ya hemos comentado antes, sus productos no están cumpliendo con nuestras expectativas presupuestadas. Si no hay mejoras en la rotación de inventario, la financiación de rebajas, y servicio al cliente en la siguiente rotación estacional, me veré obligado a eliminar el papel pintado de las tiendas y reemplazarlo con surtidos más productivas.
Como el líder de la categoría de fondos de escritorio, espero que usted tome la iniciativa y determinar cómo podemos reducir la cantidad de inventario no productivo, reducir la cantidad de rebajas que erosionan los márgenes, y permanecer en stock en nuestros artículos más vendidos. Lowe tiene una cadena de suministro de clase mundial. Tenemos centros de distribución regionales ubicadas estratégicamente en todo el país y podemos reponer cualquier tienda en nuestra red dentro de las 24 horas. Somos líderes en la industria en términos de servicio al cliente y la productividad del inventario.
No hay ninguna razón por la que debe ser pintado causando problemas.
En resumen, arreglar esto inmediatamente o planear en la pérdida de su principal cliente.

Atentamente,

Karena Bailey
Vicepresidente Ejecutivo de Merchandising
Empresas Lowe
Mooresville, NC 28017

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...CAR Explain factors that could cause possible changes in supply and demand. 1. Time of year - at end of year people want to wait for next model year. At beginning of year the current model in more demand than last year’s model. 2. Price of gas - SUV (gas guzzlers) become less desirable when gas is high. 3.Fad - going green is chic so hybrids and flex fuel and smaller cars are desirable. 4. Taxes - governments can given lower taxes or rebates to stimulate purchase and purchase of specific types. Cash for Clunkers removed any cars from the market since they had to be destroyed and new cars had to be bought. 5. Politics xenophobia- makes purchase of foreign cars less desirable. Anti-Indian or Chinese may make sales of there cars fall in the US. 6. By American fads campaigns by manuafactures; union; patroit groups. 7. Bad news about product- run away Toyotas and the jokes on the Letterman and Leno shows. Substitutes: Truck; bicycle; motorcycle; public transportation; ride share; sharing car with others (like a time share). Complements are parking space; ski/bike rack; extended warranty; insurance; stereo system; gps; alarm system; vanity license plate; custom paint; trailer hitch; sexy rims. Most people require one car so you must by a new one or a used one. It not likes a pet rock where we can all walks away from buying one. There will be a residual market (demand) at all times but probably never zero demand, Example: The competitive market that we face today has...

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Supply and Demand

...Supply, Demand, and Price Elasticity Team C-Carefree Challengers Kimberly Badgley, Randall Coakley, Stacy Engram, Misty Landwehr, Geneva Krager, and Gregory Minor ECO/212 September 13, 2010 Dr. Lyn Bush Supply, Demand, and Price Elasticity Introduction. (Misty) Changes in Supply and Demand (Kimberly) According to Hubbard and O’Brien (2010), the demand side of the curve influences by not what a customer wants to buy but what a buyer is willing to purchase. The demand curve shows the association between the price of a product and the amount of the product demanded. When the value of merchandise falls, the demand increases. Further, income, prices of a related product, tastes, population and demographics, and estimated future prices cause the change in demand (Hubbard & O’Brien, 2010). Income is relevant when a person cannot afford a product because of a lack of income. The prices of a related product or substitution will motivate a person to buy the cheaper of the two products. Tastes are what a person is willing to buy by his or her preference. Population is significant because if a product is popular, then more people will want to buy that product. If a person suspects prices will increase, then he or she will buy now, but if a person suspects prices will decrease, he or she will wait until the prices come down. Supply is the quantity of a good or service that a company is willing and able to supply at a given amount (Hubbard & O’Brien, 2010). The...

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Supply and Demand

...Microeconomics and the Laws of Supply and Demand Introduction of Micro and Macro Economics Microeconomics and macroeconomics are used in order to help economists come to conclusions and the economy of a city, state, and country. Microeconomics is the study of the economic decisions and actions of individual people and companies according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary (Merriam-Webster, 2014). This practice is the study of economics on a small scale where macroeconomics will study the whole system (Merriam-Webster, 2014). Principles and Concepts The simulation provided for an in depth experience into an example of supply and demand in the housing market. GoodLife Management is the only apartment owner in the city of Atlantis, because of this GoodLife has a monopoly in this market. This monopoly allows more control over the pricing structure of the apartment living in Atlantis with little outside influence. Even with a monopoly there are a few things that can enhance or diminish the pricing structure of apartment living. An example given was the current state of the economy which did not provide enough income to fill the housing units with the higher rental rates therefore the rates had to be lowered in order maximize profits. Although the state of the economy as a whole is macroeconomic, the cause forces a microeconomic change in the rental rate (University of Phoenix, 2003). The simulation also creates a supply change by building new apartment complexes, which...

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Supply and Demand

...Supply and Demand Many factors can lead to the change that takes place in a demand curve corresponding to a new relationship between quantity demanded for ice cream and the price of it. The shifts in demand can be resulted from the prices of other products available in the market, the income available, the customer’s tastes and preferences. First of all, the decrease in price of substitutes to the ice cream will affect the quantity demanded for the ice cream. Smoothies, for example, can be a good substitute for ice cream because they have similar creamy and cooling taste with different flavors. Suppose that the smoothie shop on campus recently launches a “buy one- get one for free” sales campaign. It may attract more customers who would otherwise demand for the ice cream. Secondly, the disposable income of the students, faculty and staff on campus may contribute to the fluctuation of the demand for ice cream. At the beginning of the month, there is likely to be an increase in demand for ice cream because this is usually the time people get paid. It is therefore reasonable to suggest that the store will run short for ice creams at the beginning of the month. The ice cream store might go through the days when the ice creams remain unsold because consumers tend to be tight in budget by the end of the month. Thirdly, the customer’s tastes and preference is also a factor influencing the sales fluctuation. Based on a recent customer survey, the store realizes that one reason preventing...

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Supply and Demand

...Answers to in-text Questions in Economics (5th edition) Chapter 1 Page 4 ( Could production and consumption take place without money? If you think they could, give examples. Yes. People could produce things for their own consumption. For example, people could grow vegetables in their garden or allotment; they could do their own painting and decorating. Alternatively people could engage in barter: they could produce things and then swap them for goods that other people had produced. ( Before reading on, how would you define scarcity? Must goods be at least temporarily unattainable to be scarce? See page 2 of text for a definition of scarcity. Goods need not be unattainable to be scarce. Because people’s incomes are limited, they cannot have everything they want from shops, even though the shops are stocked full. If all items in shops were free, the shelves would soon be emptied! ( If we would all like more money, why does the government not print a lot more? Could it not thereby solve the problem of scarcity ‘at a stroke’? The problem of scarcity is one of a lack of production. Simply printing more money without producing more goods and services will merely lead to inflation. To the extent that firms cannot meet the extra demand (i.e. the extra consumer expenditure) by extra production, they will respond by putting up their prices. Without extra production, consumers will end up unable to buy any more than previously...

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