...| |[Year] | | |Grizli777 | | | | | |SOHEL | |[Type the document title] | |[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the | |document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] | ACKHOWLEDGEMENT It is my great pleasure to convey my deep respect and indebtedness to my teacher Dr. Md Azam Khan, Chairmen, Department of Economics, Jagannath University for cordial guidance, pragmatic suggestions and continuous encouragement and inspirations of my term paper work, which enabled me to complete my dissertation work successfully. I would also like to offer my heartfelt thanks, gratitude, deep respect and indebtedness to Soma Bhattacharjee, Lecturer of Economics, Jagannath University for his continuous guidance, thoughtful suggestion and inspirations during the entire time of my term paper. I am indebted to the respondents of the study area who provided data and suggestions to complete the work. Contents ...
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...Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors Are Reliably Important? Murray Z. Frank and Vidhan K. Goyal∗ This paper examines the relative importance of many factors in the capital structure decisions of publicly traded American firms from 1950 to 2003. The most reliable factors for explaining market leverage are: median industry leverage (+ effect on leverage), market-to-book assets ratio (−), tangibility (+), profits (−), log of assets (+), and expected inflation (+). In addition, we find that dividend-paying firms tend to have lower leverage. When considering book leverage, somewhat similar effects are found. However, for book leverage, the impact of firm size, the market-to-book ratio, and the effect of inflation are not reliable. The empirical evidence seems reasonably consistent with some versions of the trade-off theory of capital structure. When corporations decide on the use of debt finance, they are reallocating some expected future cash flows away from equity claimants in exchange for cash up front. The factors that drive this decision remain elusive despite a vast theoretical literature and decades of empirical tests. This stems in part from the fact that many of the empirical studies are aimed at providing support for a particular theory. The amount of evidence is large, and so it is often all too easy to provide some empirical support for almost any idea. This is fine for a given paper but more problematic for the overall development of our understanding of capital...
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...(091) 286908 helpdesk-pew@smeda.org.pk REGIONAL OFFICE PUNJAB REGIONAL OFFICE BALOCHISTAN Bungalow No. 15-A Chaman Housing Scheme Airport Road, Quetta. Tel: (081) 831623, 831702 Fax: (081) 831922 helpdesk-qta@smeda.org.pk 8 th Floor, LDA Plaza, Lahore, Tel: (042) 111-111-456 Fax: (042)6304926-7 helpdesk@smeda.org.pk October, 2008 Pre-Feasibility Study Dairy Farm (25 Animals) 1 INTRODUCTION TO SMEDA..........................................................................................................4 2 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT.....................................................................................................4 3 CRUCIAL FACTORS & STEPS IN DECISION MAKING FOR INVESTMENT ..........................5 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 STRENGTHS ................................................................................................................................5 WEAKNESSES..............................................................................................................................5 OPPORTUNITIES ..........................................................................................................................5 THREATS ....................................................................................................................................5 4 PROJECT PROFILE...
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...(091) 286908 helpdesk-pew@smeda.org.pk REGIONAL OFFICE PUNJAB REGIONAL OFFICE BALOCHISTAN Bungalow No. 15-A Chaman Housing Scheme Airport Road, Quetta. Tel: (081) 831623, 831702 Fax: (081) 831922 helpdesk-qta@smeda.org.pk 8 th Floor, LDA Plaza, Lahore, Tel: (042) 111-111-456 Fax: (042)6304926-7 helpdesk@smeda.org.pk October, 2008 Pre-Feasibility Study Dairy Farm (25 Animals) 1 INTRODUCTION TO SMEDA..........................................................................................................4 2 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT.....................................................................................................4 3 CRUCIAL FACTORS & STEPS IN DECISION MAKING FOR INVESTMENT ..........................5 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.7. 5.1 5.2 6.1 6.2 6.3 STRENGTHS ................................................................................................................................5 WEAKNESSES..............................................................................................................................5 OPPORTUNITIES ..........................................................................................................................5 THREATS ....................................................................................................................................5...
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...Jonathan Heath Lo que indican los indicadores Cómo utilizar la información estadística para entender la realidad económica de México Prólogo de Eduardo Sojo Garza-Aldape Jonathan Heath Lo que indican los indicadores Cómo utilizar la información estadística para entender la realidad económica de México 332.972 Heath, Jonathan. Lo que indican los indicadores : cómo utilizar la información estadística para entender la realidad económica de México / Jonathan Heath ; pról. Eduardo Sojo Garza-Aldape . -- México : INEGI, c2012. xx, 419 p. : il. ISBN 978-607-494-288-0 1 . Desarrollo económico - México. 2. México - Condiciones económicas. I. Garza-Aldape, Eduardo Sojo. DR © 2012, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía Edificio Sede Av. Héroe de Nacozari Sur Núm. 2301 Fracc. Jardines del Parque, CP 20276 Aguascalientes, Ags. www.inegi.org.mx atencion.usuarios@inegi.org.mx Lo que indican los indicadores Cómo utilizar la información estadística para entender la realidad económica de México Impreso en México ISBN 978-607-494-288-0 Advertencia El análisis, puntos de vista, comentarios y opiniones vertidas en este libro son de carácter estrictamente personal y no reflejan, en ningún momento, la posición oficial del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Lo que indican los indicadores Contenido INEGI. Lo que indican los indicadores. Cómo utilizar la información estadística para entender la realidad...
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...GNU Scientific Library Reference Manual Edition 1.14, for GSL Version 1.14 4 March 2010 Mark Galassi Los Alamos National Laboratory Jim Davies Department of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology James Theiler Astrophysics and Radiation Measurements Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory Brian Gough Network Theory Limited Gerard Jungman Theoretical Astrophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory Patrick Alken Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder Michael Booth Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University Fabrice Rossi University of Paris-Dauphine Copyright c 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 The GSL Team. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being “GNU General Public License” and “Free Software Needs Free Documentation”, the Front-Cover text being “A GNU Manual”, and with the Back-Cover Text being (a) (see below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”. (a) The Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual.” Printed copies of this manual can be purchased from Network Theory Ltd at http://www.network-theory.co.uk/gsl/manual/. The money raised from sales of the manual...
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...Demography of Germany Concepts, Data, and Methods G. Rohwer U. P¨tter o Version 3 October 2003 Fakult¨t f¨r Sozialwissenschaft a u Ruhr-Universit¨t Bochum, GB 1 a 44780 Bochum goetz.rohwer@ruhr-uni-bochum.de ulrich.poetter@ruhr-uni-bochum.de Preface This text is an introduction to concepts and methods of demographic description and analysis. The substantial focus is on the demographic development of Germany, all data refer to this country. The main reason for this focus on a single country is that we want to show how the tools of demography can actually be used for the analysis of demographic problems. The text consists of two parts. Part I introduces the conceptual framework and explains basic statistical notions. This part also includes a short chapter that explains how we speak of “models” and why we do not make a sharp distinction between “describing” and “modeling” demographic processes. Then follows Part II that deals with data and methods. In the present version of the text, we almost exclusively discuss mortality and fertility data; migration is only mentioned in Chapter 6 and briefly considered in the context of a Leslie model at the end of the text. In addition to providing a general introduction to concepts of demography, the text also intends to show how to practically work with demographic data. We therefore extensively document all the data used and explain the statistical calculations in detail. In fact, most of these calculations are quite simple;...
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