...Abstract There were many causes of the Great Depression, some of which include “The Great Crash” of the stock market, lack of spending by the average person, the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act and a massive drought in the Mississippi Valley. From this nation-wide crisis came Social Security as we know it, the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act, the creation of the SEC and stricter banking and stock market regulations. Overall the Great Depression had a large impact on The United States that can still be seen today. Causes of the Great Depression In January of 1929 an editorial (Encyclopedia of American Studies, 2010) said “It has been twelve months of unprecedented advance, of wonderful prosperity. If there is any way of judging the future by the past, this new year will be one of felicitation and hopefulness.” This was obviously not the case. When the stock market crashed on October 29, 1929, it was possibly the greatest contributing factor to the depression. Some believe, though incorrectly, that the “Great Crash” is the same as the great depression. The stock market crash had people scared to spend money. People no longer bought nearly as many products which led to a drop in production, which in turn led to layoffs in the work force. Coupled with these layoffs, were huge debts being defaulted on by stock holders; this all inevitably to the failure or closing of many banks. The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act was passed in June 1930 to protect...
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...Taming the Dragon The Paradox of The Three Gorges Dam CHE 546 Economics, Environment and Ecology Stuart School of Business, IIT Executive Summary The title of this paper is Taming the Dragon – The Paradox of the Three Gorges Dam. I chose this title because as I researched this topic, I realized that almost everything about the Three Gorges Dam is a paradox, beginning with the reason it was planned, designed and constructed in the first place. The primary paradox of the Three Gorges Dam is that in its quest to make life better for the country and people of China, the dam also made things unbelievably and irrevocably worse on a number of levels. For centuries, China has depended on the Yangtze River. The river travels south from high in the Himalayas and then east toward the Pacific Ocean. The beauty of the pure water from the melting glacier at its source will turn into a ravaging, murderous river that robs people of their homes, food, livelihoods and even their loved ones and their own lives. Another paradox of the Three Gorges Dam is that it is an enormous monument of industrialization. It is more than a way to control water levels, protecting people from uncontrollable storm water. It is a symbol of China’s commitment to its future. Abundant, clean energy. There are those who argue that the resulting damage of the dam project is worse than the damage the river produces when it’s out of control – essentially the cure is worse than the...
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...To what degree are human factors responsible for flooding? Case Studies: * Mississippi 1993 (HIC - OECD) * Bangladesh 1998 (LIC) There are various causes and consequences of flooding, from displacement to death. But flooding, which is defined as being ‘the overflowing of a body of water onto dry land’, is enhanced by human intervention. Apart from natural causes; rainfall. Humans, in development, conquest to disturb the environment. Human factors such as urbanisation, changing of river systems (e.g. the building of levees, channel straightening etc.) are all important in the causes and consequences of flooding. * Firstly, there is the issue of deforestation; the cutting down and removal of trees. Deforestation means that there is less vegetation for the interception of water, meaning that there is a larger amount of surface run-off, while deforestation also results in the loss of top-soil, and therefore the inability for new trees to grow. Since 1990, Bangladesh has lost a total of 2,600 hectares (ha) of forest cover per year, this equates to 0.17% of all forest cover in Bangladesh, meaning that by 1998, there would be an average loss of 20,800 ha of forest, this is contrasted in the US, where afforestation is taking place due to Flood Action Plans by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). * Secondly, urbanisation. 82% of the United States’ population lives in urban conditions, while the 1990 US census shows that in Mississippi State alone, there was 49% urbanisation...
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...More than two thirds of the states are facing serious overcrowding problems, and many are operating at least 50 percent over capacity. Cost comparisons between private and government operation of prisons show frequent cost savings under private management. While the national average cost to hold a prisoner in a government run prison is $40 per inmate a day, many privately run prisons charge the governments on average lower fees. U.S. Corrections Corporation (USCC), a private company headquartered in Louisville charges Kentucky charges a daily fee of $25 per inmate. In their first year of operation in 1986, USCC saved Kentucky an estimated $400,000. A competitor of USCC is Corrections Corporation of America (CCA), based in Nashville, Tennessee, and founded in 1983, is the largest private corrections organization in the country. CCA runs the Bay County Florida county jail. CCA charges Bay County, Florida $29.81 per day per inmate to operate the Bay County Jail. Before privatization of the...
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...employees for their health conditions when they were asked about the health penalizations by the Towers Watson consulting firm for 2012. This information shows that the outlook will be that most, if not all employers will be adopting the health penalization idea. There are several local companies that already have various wellness programs in place that affect employees financially. Some of these are incentive based and others are penalty based. Tennessee Valley Authority has a program that is named Health Check, and it is a point system that offers a $50 incentive for the first health screening an employee completes, and up to $200 discount on the yearly cost of medical insurance fees which is paid out on an employee’s paycheck in approximately $5 installments depending on the amount of points an employee earns. The grading is on items such as tobacco use, blood work (Cholesterol tests), blood pressure, and body metrics. There are points given in each category depending on how well an employee does. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee is now charging employees a $25 fee if they do not participate in the company’s workplace wellness program. Memorial Health Care, Volkswagen, and the Chattanooga...
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...Five Historical Events Influenced by the Depletion of Resources SCI/245 Axia College University of Phoenix June 28, 2012 Will Romine Associate Program Material Resource Worksheet Use the following table to identify five historical events influenced by the depletion of natural resources. Explain each event in at least 150 words. Event | What Happened? | Cubagua’s Pearl-Oyster Beds: TheFirst Depletion of a NaturalResource Caused by Europeans inthe American Continent | Archeological evidence suggests that the first humans never settled permanentlyin Cubagua, but only visited the islands with the purpose to exploit the rich oyster bedsboth for food as well as pearls for ornamentation. The lack of fresh water and significantvegetation made permanent settlement difficult. To this day, only a few fishers temporarily settle on the island.Dating back to 1498 the area of Cubagua has been heavily used for the rich oyster beds due to Spain wanting more and more riches.The richest areas were east to Cubagua and Coche, east and southeast of Margarita, and northwest of the Araya peninsula. This section of the coastline was soon to become known as the Pearls’ Coast (“Costa de las Perlas”).By 1531 the depletion was becoming more evident; Spain began to limit the number of boats and divers as well as the number of hours to only four per day. They also restricted the depth to which they could dive. These quotas were not of much help as the rules only applied to certain oyster...
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...associated legal considerations. As an example, you consider legal considerations such as discrimination in the workplace. You also study regulatory compliance issues for an organization, as well as the associated business consequences. The readings focus on workers’ compensation, occupational safety, and other worker protection laws, with a specific attention to the Family and Medical Leave Act. This week also covers the collective bargaining agreements and labor law, as well as several laws and decisions a company must make regarding these labor law issues. In addition, you examine equal opportunity in employment and Title VII, including what comprises this significant law. You review regulatory laws, environmental protection and global warning, as well as antitrust laws and unfair trade practices. The readings focus on introductory concepts and the laws that support these concepts. Employment and Regulatory Risk OBJECTIVE: Differentiate between types of employment relationships and the associated legal considerations. Resources: Ch. 31 & 32 of Business Law: Legal Environment, Online Commerce, Business Ethics, and International Issues Content • Ch. 31: Employment, Worker Protection, and Immigration Laws o Introduction to Employment, Worker Protection, and Immigration Laws o Worker’s Compensation • Case 31.1 Workers’ Compensation: Medrano v. Marshall Electrical Contracting Inc. o Occupational Safety • Ethics Spotlight:...
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...Harvard Business Review Case study Analysis BY John Raphael Marty Vitality Health A better Corporate Performance Management System to Retain Top Talent Vitality Health Vitality Health Introduction Issues Beth Williams stepped in to fill the shoes of Fred Kikuchi in 2009 as the new CEO. Her primary stated purpose was to “find a better way to identify and reward top performers in order to keep ‘A’ players in their positions and accelerate company growth by attracting new top talent.” To do this, Beth created a new performance management team (PMET) to study the existing rewards & compensation, and uncover changes that needed to be made. With over 50% of the staff in Des Moines consisting of scientists and engineers, and a total R&D budget nearing 30% of total gross revenue in 2009; Vitality’s growth depended heavily on continued human resources for R&D, especially due to Vitality’s focus on emerging markets and the volatility that comes along with such growth. Beth’s prompt delivery of a new performance management system only eight weeks after discovering problems likely delighted Vitality’s board as well as some staff, but her no-nonsense approach must have also been a shock internally as she was “a notable contrast from Kikuchi’s more conciliatory management style.” The email sent to management to simply review the online guidebook of the new performance management system hardly created “buy-in” within the organization, that was...
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...Harvard Business Review Case study Analysis BY John Raphael Marty Vitality Health A better Corporate Performance Management System to Retain Top Talent Vitality Health Vitality Health Introduction Issues Beth Williams stepped in to fill the shoes of Fred Kikuchi in 2009 as the new CEO. Her primary stated purpose was to “find a better way to identify and reward top performers in order to keep ‘A’ players in their positions and accelerate company growth by attracting new top talent.” To do this, Beth created a new performance management team (PMET) to study the existing rewards & compensation, and uncover changes that needed to be made. With over 50% of the staff in Des Moines consisting of scientists and engineers, and a total R&D budget nearing 30% of total gross revenue in 2009; Vitality’s growth depended heavily on continued human resources for R&D, especially due to Vitality’s focus on emerging markets and the volatility that comes along with such growth. Beth’s prompt delivery of a new performance management system only eight weeks after discovering problems likely delighted Vitality’s board as well as some staff, but her no-nonsense approach must have also been a shock internally as she was “a notable contrast from Kikuchi’s more conciliatory management style.” The email sent to management to simply review the online guidebook of the new performance management system hardly created “buy-in” within the organization, that was...
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...Collaboration to Build Healthier Communities A Report for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Commission to Build a Healthier America Wilder Research Wilder Research Wilder Research Report prepared for the RWJF Commission to Build a Healthier America by Paul W. Mattessich, Ph.D. Wilder Research Saint Paul, Minnesota Ela J. Rausch, M.P . .P Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Minneapolis, Minnesota With support from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation June 2013 Creating Healthy Communities Cross-sector partnerships are sparking widespread action to improve community health COATESVILLE , PA SEATTLE, WA Access to healthy foods Access to preventative care and healthy housing LOS ANGELES , CA Quality early child care and education CHICAGO, IL Data and evidence to build health into all policies and practices MIAMI , FL Opportunities for physical activity and healthy living health community development • community development finance • community planning • early child care/education • human services • housing Introduction “ Building a healthier America is feasible in years, not decades, if we collaborate and act on what is making a difference.” —Robert Wood Johnson Foundation In 2008, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation convened a commission of nonpartisan leaders to identify opportunities to improve the health of all Americans by creating environments that protect and actively promote health. Their report, Beyond Health Care:...
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...Year 10 Revision Timelines: The Roaring Twenties Women Before First World War * Women could not vote. * Middle/upper class women did not work but had the role of mothers and housewives. Working class women had low paid jobs such as factory work and cleaning. * Women usually wore full length dresses, wore no make up and had their hair tied back in buns. * Divorce was very rare and so was sex before marriage. * Women did not smoke or drink in public. * They had to go out with a chaperone (a family member) when they met their boyfriend. How did the First World War change the lives of women? * During the war, women began to work in areas like heavy industry. They proved they could work as well as men. By 1929, there were 10 million women workers; a rise of 24% since 1920. * Working gave women independence and they began smoking and drinking in public. * Women were given the vote in August 1920 but few were chosen to be actual politicians. * Production of consumer goods such as vacuum cleaners and washing machines meant women had more time for leisure activities. * Flappers emerged in the 1920’s = women from middle and upper class families from the Northern States. They cut their hair in short bobs, wore make up, short skirts and bright clothes. They also smoked and drank in public, went to speakeasies, danced the Charleston with men and listened to Jazz and drove cars and motorbikes. * BUT many groups, particularly...
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...Starting with the Sumerians, the first great culture 6,000 years ago, through the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans, everyone accepted that some form of heavenly beings had created all of life and, as a crowning achievement, topped it off with humans. Now, consider that for a moment. Today the CEO of a medium-sized corporation can verbally issue an instruction to be carried out company-wide and have no hope it will reach the lower echelons intact. So the fact that most historical cultures, from first to most recent (our own), believed essentially the same creation story is astonishing in its consistency. Naturally, such long-term consistency made it extremely difficult to challenge when the accumulation of scientific evidence could no longer be ignored. Charles Darwin is usually credited with issuing the first call for a rational examination of divine creation as the belief system regarding the origins of life and humanity. However, in his 1859 classic, The Origin Of Species, he skirted both issues in an attempt to placate his era’s dominant power structure—organized religion. Though he used the word "origin" in the title, he was careful to discuss only how species developed from each other, not how life originated. And he simply avoided discussing humanity’s origins. Ultimately, pressure from both supporters and critics forced him to tackle that thorny issue in 1871’s The Descent Of Man; but Charles Darwin was never comfortable at the cutting edge of the social debate he helped...
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...situation that we see with the church in Sardis. Sardis was a wealthy city full of gold taken from the nearby Pactolus River. The city was located on a high hill at the intersection of the five roads. Like the other cities addressed in revelation 2-3, the church of Sardis was probably founded through Paul’s ministry in Ephesus.Revelation 3:1-6 deals with the writings to the angel of the church in Sardis. Well we can see how amazing the writings to the letters of John are for the churches today and for the past 20 centuries and it seems like the problem still exists even now. To welcome at an understanding of this passage briefly, this paper will offer an exegetical analysis by identifying and examining the historical context, offering word studies of significant terms and analyze the text verse by verse and will also demonstrate clearly how God let people of Sardis know that reward is waiting for them if they turn back and repent and complete the works of God and be alert. All this analysis comes under the doctrine of eschatology. Context Well if we...
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...Concordance of the Bible, Vines Concise Dictionary of the Bible, as well as a variety of online bible dictionaries and commentaries. Additionally many different translations of the Bible were consulted. These included the New American Standard, King James Version, New International Version, New English Translation, and the New Living Translation. The relatively obvious relationship between the words wisdom and counsel provide sound reasoning for their choice as words for the context of this study. However, including the word wicked in this examination requires somewhat of a brief explanation. Students of the Bible are not unfamiliar with Psalm 1:1. The Psalmist admonished his readers with clear instruction regarding the type of counsel a well adjusted and successful person must avoid when he penned the words, “Blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked…” At first glance, and taking this verse at face value, one could assume the Psalmist is offering insight into the influence, authority, and inherent responsibility a counselor possesses. Naturally, as a student of the scriptures and the art of counseling, this leads to the question what is “the counsel of the wicked?” The obvious place to begin if there is to be an understanding with regard to the “counsel of the wicked” is to examine the word closely asking questions such as, who are the wicked? Is there anything unique about their counsel that qualifies it as wicked? Is the counsel wicked because of the counselor...
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...Final Exam Review POLI 2051 Dr. Kenny Ch 11: Congress • Approval of Congress relative to the president. o Congress tends to be less popular than the president. • Basic info. on Congress o Why is it bicameral (why are there two chambers?) 1. Practical Reasons ▪ Came from the Great Compromise 2. Philosophical Reasons ▪ To keep power spread out and dispersed • House of Representatives o Representation based on population o 435 Total o 2 year terms o Seats are reapportioned every ten years because we get the census back every ten years. o Entire membership elected in November of even number years. • Senate o 2 Per state o 100 total o 6 year terms that are staggered ▪ Staggered means that only 1/3 of the seats are up for election in each two year election cycle. This is so that it does not change radically in one election. o This means one third elected in November of even numbered years. • Congressional organization: o Leadership – the political parties work through the leadership structure of congress because the leaders of the majority political party are, at the same time, the leaders of the House and the Senate. ▪ Leaders (know the top posts) • Leadership in the House o...
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