...affirmative action offered by the United States Department of Labor include outreach campaigns, targeted recruitment, employee and management development, and employee support programs.[2] The impetus towards affirmative action is to redress the disadvantages[3][4][5][6][7] associated with overt historical discrimination.[8] Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals and police forces, are more representative of the populations they serve.[9] Affirmative action is a subject of controversy. Some policies adopted as affirmative action, such as racial quotas or gender quotas for collegiate admission, have been criticized as a form of reverse discrimination, and such implementation of affirmative action has been ruled unconstitutional by the majority opinion of Gratz v. Bollinger. Affirmative action as a practice was upheld by the court's decision in Grutter v. Bollinger.[10] Affirmative action in the United States began as a tool to address the persisting inequalities for African Americans in the 1960s. This specific term was first used to describe US government policy in 1961. Directed to all government contracting agencies, President John F. Kennedy's Executive Order 10925 mandated "affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin."[11] Four years later, President Lyndon B. Johnson elaborated on the importance...
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...State of Texas v. Hopwood HRM552 Stephanie Romagnoli State of Texas v. Hopwood The paper summarizes the case of Hopwood v. State of Texas and the court’s ruling. It covers the meaning for the organization in the case study and businesses in general, and the legal precedence the ruling sets for most businesses. It also outlines the role the federal enforcement agency plays in ensuring the organization's compliance with regulation standards. Case summary The Hopwood case, named for lead plaintiff Cheryl Hopwood, involved four White students who sued the law school after being denied admission to of the University of Texas at Austin. They successfully argued that the law school discriminated against them by admitting less qualified African American and Mexican American applicants for admission through use of a quota system, therefore violating the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which requires equal protection under the law (Andrews & Martin, 1998). The University initiated this affirmative action program in response to a history of discrimination against African Americans and Mexican Americans in the state of Texas (Byars, and Rue, 2008). The court’s ruling Affirmative action is a government policy that seeks to remedy old discrimination directed at particular groups, including women, racial and ethnic minorities. The primary purpose of these policies and programs is to increase access to opportunities for higher education, employment, government...
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...Criminal Records in the Digital Age: A Review of Current Practices and Recommendations for Reform in Texas Helen Gaebler, Senior Research Attorney William Wayne Justice Center for Public Interest Law The University of Texas School of law March 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................4 II. THE PROBLEM: CRIMINAL RECORDS AND COLLATERAL CONSEQUENCES .........................................5 Collateral Consequences Overview ......................................................................................................... 5 Who’s Affected? A Look at the Numbers in Texas .................................................................................. 8 Disproportionality and the Criminal Justice System .............................................................................. 10 Reaching Across Generations and Communities ................................................................................... 11 III. AN OUTDATED SYSTEM: OPEN ACCESS TO CRIMINAL RECORDS .................................................... 12 The Background Checking Industry........................................................................................................ 12 Common Practices and Pitfalls............................................................................................................... 13 Past Calls for Reform .....................
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...Has Affirmative Action had any positive results? Should the policy be abandoned? ‘Affirmative Action has had an indelible imprint on the university environment’ [1] With primary focus on the impact that affirmative action (AA) has had to African Americans in regard to College admission, this essay will seek to ascertain to what extent the policy has lead to positive results. While in addition, evaluating whether this policy is both a legitimate and a necessary feature within Universities in contemporary America, or should be abandoned. Following President Johnson signing into law, executive order 11246 in 1965, the concept of affirmative action was formed and subsequently integrated within the college admission process in the United States. The primary intention of the policy was to ‘redress the disadvantages associated with overt historical discrimination’. [2] While furthermore, seeking to ensure that institutions, such as Universities, were more ‘representative of the populations they serve’. [3] Since the implementation of the policy, throughout American University Campuses and the corridors of power in Washington, both debate and discourse has taken place in regard to the fairness and necessity of the practice of Affirmative Action within the College Admission process. As asserted by Garcia, those in favour of Affirmative action programs within Colleges viewed that the implementation of the policy was evidently ‘a catalyst that would play a significant role...
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...Case Study Amanda Lisic HRM 552 June 22, 2015 Teresa Mitchell Case Study In the United States affirmative action came about in the 1960’s due to the civil rights movement trying to give equal opportunities to minority groups and women. Affirmative action has been a debate since it began, on one side it gives minorities and women more opportunities in life however the policy is considered to be outdated. In the case of “State of Texas v. Hopwood” the affirmative action policy needed to be updated and corrected. Case Summary In the case of “State of Texas v. Hopwood” the Districts Court of Appeals, 5th Circuit made a decision concerning the affirmative action program at the School of Law of the University of Texas. This law initially enacted in response to a history of the school discriminating against African Americans and Mexican Americans in the enrollment process. Court Ruling The court ruled that there was no need for the school to continue with this practice even to correct the perceived racial imbalance in the school. For admissions the school would not be able to include race in the processes going forward. What the decision means The court decision meant that the school would have to choose incoming students into the school based on their value and not on their race. Public Universities have had to change their admission practices concerning race and eliminate them. In order to increase diversification in the school separate programs needed to be...
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...trafficking cases involving minors remain one of the most complicated aspects of the anti-trafficking efforts in Texas. While there is a common view that children who are caught up in human trafficking are victims, the best approach to the cases remains somewhat elusive –falling somewhere in between the juvenile justice and child welfare systems. Much of the focus of ant-human trafficking efforts has been on female domestic minor sex trafficking victims, as they represent most of known cases. However, male victims of sex trafficking are often overlooked. Stepping up the focus on male victims may also be an effective strategy to address one of the root causes of human trafficking. One study found that 72% of pimps were male, and 56%...
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...(CRN: 60240), Business Ethics Tuesdays and Thursdays, 4:34 PM to 7:15 PM Summer Semester, June 7 to July 30, 2010 Fort Hood SDC, Room # D-112 A member of the Texas A&M System since 1917 Instructor: Mr. John La Lone, BS-BA, MS-HRM Department: Management, Marketing, and Administrative Systems Office: Room 135A Phone: (254) 519-5472 E-mail: lalone@tarleton.edu Office Hours: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday: 1:30 PM to 4:00 PM. By appointment only. Office Secretary: Ms. Gabriele Fischbacher (254) 519-5437, Fax (254) 526-8403 A portion of this course is delivered via Blackboard Online Learning. http://online.tarleton.edu/Dual/DualLoginPage.htm You are required to check in online via e-mail within Blackboard within two days of this class. 1.0 Course Description: This course is designed to provide the student with a basic examination of the manager’s personal, social, and environmental responsibilities to oneself, ones employees, customers, the general public, the government and other agencies. It is also intended to totally familiarize the student with a basic understanding of Personal Business Ethics Concepts in today’s modern workplace environment. Emphasis will be placed upon the manager’s social and environmental responsibilities to employees, customers and the public. 1.1 Prerequisites: There are no pre-requisites for this course. 1.2 Expanded Course Description: The objective of this course is for each student to develop...
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...Foundation Commission to Build a Healthier America Wilder Research Wilder Research Wilder Research Report prepared for the RWJF Commission to Build a Healthier America by Paul W. Mattessich, Ph.D. Wilder Research Saint Paul, Minnesota Ela J. Rausch, M.P . .P Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Minneapolis, Minnesota With support from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation June 2013 Creating Healthy Communities Cross-sector partnerships are sparking widespread action to improve community health COATESVILLE , PA SEATTLE, WA Access to healthy foods Access to preventative care and healthy housing LOS ANGELES , CA Quality early child care and education CHICAGO, IL Data and evidence to build health into all policies and practices MIAMI , FL Opportunities for physical activity and healthy living health community development • community development finance • community planning • early child care/education • human services • housing Introduction “ Building a healthier America is feasible in years, not decades, if we collaborate and act on what is making a difference.” —Robert Wood Johnson Foundation In 2008, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation convened a commission of nonpartisan leaders to identify opportunities to improve the health of all Americans by creating environments that protect and actively promote health. Their report, Beyond Health Care: New Directions to a Healthier America, included 10 recommendations for improving the health...
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...Care Access Paper | Professor Barri Mallin | | Sheila Ford | 12/16/2012 | | The purpose of this paper is to inform you of a proposal that the Governor of Texas has proposed to the state, on how he feel about the health care reform. I will be talking about how the governor thinks by” issuing top-down mandates on a break-neck timetable is a surefire way to make things worse”. The health care reform legislation currently being considered not only poses a serious threat to patients and providers, but will also cost Texas taxpayers tens of billions of dollars. I will be explaining how the governor feels that President Obama’s plan will cause harm to the health care system,” by increasing taxes and escalate medical price inflation and add more than $285 billion to the deficit over the next 10 years”. “Gov. Perry: Federal Health Care Proposals to Cost Texans Tens of Billions of Dollars Tuesday, August 18, 2009 • Austin, Texas • Press Release Share” “Gov. Rick Perry today emphasized the importance of state developed health care reform rather than the costly, expansive, one-size-fits-all mandates being considered by the federal government. The governor spoke at a press conference announcing the results of a study about federal health care proposals conducted by the Texas Public Policy Foundation (TPPF)”. “It’s clear Washington has no interest in allowing states to develop their own tailored solutions to problems that affect their citizens,” “Gov. Perry said”...
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...Policy Recommendations for Law Enforcement Agencies in Texas Racial profiling is commonly defined as the act of discriminating against a person based on race, ethnicity, religion or national origin. The practice of racial profiling is a serious issue, especially when police officers are accused of this type of discrimination. Accusations of racial profiling can tarnish the reputation of an officer, their department, and can create a negative image towards the community they protect. With such disastrous consequences at stake, something must be done to fight this issue within the Texas police departments. Could possible adjustments be made to our current policies and legislature? More importantly, how can we ensure that all of our citizens,...
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...What role should standardized testing play in Texas' public education system? The methods by which children are educated and academically measured in Texas have evolved over the past few decades, due to federal and state directed education policies. In an effort to establish accountability and improve the nation's competitiveness on a global scale, standardized testing has become a driving component of curricula nationwide. Almost every state, including Texas, governs its public schools under a national policy directive known as the "No Child Left Behind Act" (NCLB). The NCLB requires all states to utilize assessments to determine and report if a school has made adequate yearly progress (AYP) in the proficiency levels of all students. This is a relatively recent shift from local control of schools to centralized governance which is intended to improve education and eliminate harmful disparities in education quality (Ricci 342). Instead of school districts determining education standards, the state and federal governments provide the policy direction. One method to assess education performance and compliance with the centralized policy is the use of accountability measures - i.e., standardized tests. The NCLB, coupled with state policy, is intended to decrease inequality and set an objective measurement in place where school districts, schools, teachers, and even students can be held accountable for their progress or lack thereof. However, there are arguments from opponents...
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...Case Study Analysis The complex and dynamic realm of health care has generated a need to focus on cultural change to improve health care quality. To overcome a decade of difficulties and implement a program for improving their quality, the University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth (UNTHSC) began a journey to change the culture of their organization. Using the change model the new president initiated measures to revise the quality improvement program and strategies for meeting regulatory and accreditation standards. Many barriers interfered with the process but actions were executed to overcome these obstacles (Ransom, Joshi, Nash, & Ransom, 2008). This paper will describe the cultural change journey of UNTHSC through unfreezing their old culture and laying the foundation for a new culture of quality. Measures to Monitor and Revise Quality Program Implementation The measures used to monitor and revise quality program implementation foster changing the organizational structure of an institution. The UNTHSC at Forth Worth decided to institute cultural changes as a form of monitoring and influencing the change process. The initial element of the measurement process incorporated administrative, academic, clinical practice, research application, financial elements, and community goals. A baseline measure was associated with current levels of operations. The management team was held accountable in regard to focusing on four areas of measurement...
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...BECOMING A TEXAS CPA TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ………………………………………………………………......i INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………….…...1 BECOMING A TEXAS CPA ………………………………………………………………..1 TEXAS UNIFORM CPA EXAM ………….…………………………………………….…..1 Requirements and Application to Sit ...……………….………………….……….…..1 Topics and Structure …………………………….……………………………………3 Rules, Testing Windows, and Sites ………….……………………………………….4 CPA EXAM PREPARATION ………………….……………………………………………4 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS …………….……………………………………………5 CONCLUSION ………………………………………………………………………………5 APPENDIX A ...………………………………………………………………………….…..6 BIBLIOGRAPHY ......………………………………………………………………………..7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report provides the requirements and steps to become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Texas. In addition, it addresses the requirements to apply for and sit for the Texas Uniform CPA Exam, which details the topics covered and the structure of the exam. The report presents the rules, sites, and testing windows under which the exam can be taken. It also discusses the resources available in preparation for the exam. Finally, it includes the additional requirements to become a Texas CPA once a candidate passes the exam. The Texas State Boards of Accountancy determines the laws and rules for becoming a CPA in the state of Texas. The candidates who meet specific eligibility requirements will be issued certificates to practice public accountancy within the state. These requirements...
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...Final Project The use of “Best Practice” in Guardianship Student: Takysha Crawford tcrawford@waldenu.edu Student ID # A00487277 Program: PhD in Human Services Specialization: Family Studies and Intervention Strategies Walden University May 18, 2014 Introduction My specific area of human services would is guardianship of incapacitated adults who need guardians to help them provide food, clothing or shelter, or to care for his or her own physical health, and to manage his or her own financial affairs. When we think of guardianship, we often think about children who have no one and need people to serve as guardians but we really don’t think about the adults who, due to physical or mental incapacity, need someone to serve as their guardian. These people need someone to help make financial, medical, and personal decisions on their behalf. The Uniform Guardianship and Protective Proceedings Act, considers an incapacitated adult as one who is unable receive and evaluate information or make or communicate decisions to such an extent that the individual lacks the ability to meet essential requirements for physical health, safety, or self-care, even with appropriate technological assistance (Demakis, 2013). To date all 50 states have passed some type of guardianship reform: however these reforms vary considerably from state to state (Kubik & Woods, 2005). According to Demakis (2013), First, a petition is made to the court, most often by a family member, in which...
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...Name Gov 2306 -23006 2014 Fall Semester Professor Griggs Word Count: 1,322 Immigration in Texas Immigration policy in the United States, namely in Texas, is a great source of controversy amongst lawmakers and the public. An immigrant is a “person who leaves one country to settle permanently in another” (ProQuest). America currently has about 11.5 million illegal immigrants living within its borders (Passel). With this large of a population, immigrants do have an impact on the population and the laws for how to deal with them must be updated. There is a large number of the illegal immigrants working for cash, sharing houses, avoiding taxes, and still sending their children to public schools, and driving on the roads that citizen’s tax money pays for. Currently the law on illegal immigrants is mostly black and white stating that it is a crime to be in the country illegally. However, if the government updates the system to help naturalize them lawfully, states and the immigrants both have a potential to benefit. There are many factors contributing to the immigration of illegal immigrants into Texas. The majority of these immigrants are from Central America through the border shared with Mexico. There are push and pull factors causing them to move here. “The report from the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops identifies poverty, paucity of educational opportunities, the urge to join family already in the U.S., and the fear of growing crime as powerful factors propelling immigrants...
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