...Healthcare standards are essential to development and implementation of Electronic Medical Record (EMR), Representation of healthcare data in a standard will help in reaching better interoperability. I will track patient admission until discharge with diagnosis of Angina. As a clinician I will diagnose this patient using Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT), the EMR or the coders should then map my diagnosis into international Classification of Diseases Clinical Modification 10th edition (ICD-10- CM)) using the Interactive Map-Assisted Generation of ICD Codes (I-MAGIC) (I-MAGIC], 2015). SNOMED-CT is required in stage 2 and should be used for documenting problem (Levy, 2013a). SNOMED-CT is a comprehensive clinical terminology that describe the diagnosis in details, it is way of description is close to the medical language. SNOMED-CT easy to map to other clinical terminology like ICD-9 and ICD-10 in a addition to LOINC (Giannangelo, 2015)., The SNOMED-CT code for Angina is 194828000, and the ICD-10-CM for Angina is I24.9, Acute ischemic heart disease (NLM, 2013). At admission the physician need to order Electrocardiogram (EKG) test to confirm angina, EKG was ordered and EMR attached the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT), CPT was developed by the American Medical Association (AMA) it doesn’t contain diagnosis codes it only focuses in procedures, the CPT code for EKG 12 leads is 93000 (Giannangelo, 2015; ECG CPT, 2015). The physician placed an order...
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...History This summary will show the history and evolution of health care economics. The readers will also get a timeline of health care funding. Once you have read everything the summary shows you then you will have an insight to economical terms can help to understand the history and the timeline the terms are going to be: Economics, supply and demand, microeconomics, macroeconomics, elasticity, inelasticity, and gross domestic product. With these words this will show you about economics in the health care history. Once the American Medical Association (AMA) was founded healthcare was just getting off the ground with hospitals and doctors (American Medical Association, 2011). During this time doctors would see patients on a bartering system. The doctors at this time would make house calls and for the services they gave to the patients the patient at this time would give the doctor goods. The supply and demand at that time would be food, and anything that the people would not have. During this time they would pay with cooked meals, animals, things that they made, and their time such as working for the doctor however he wanted them to. During the time frame of 1901 to 1940’s healthcare and medicine took made great improvement. Medicine and hospitals became very important at this time. President Truman proposed a national health care plan, but it was shot out of the water by both the AMA and Congress (American Medical Association, 2011). American Association for Labor Legislation...
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... Professor Driscoll 29 November 2011 Identify and describe three reasons there may be a physician shortage rather than a surplus in the United States. The amount of medical schools has been steady and graduates have been limited by admission capacity The Secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HHS) through a continuously approved legislation ask that “the Health Professions Education Partnerships Act of 1998 which gave the authority for the Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee to study the personnel issues in medicine.” (Cooper, 2003) In a report by the” Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee (GMENAC) who predicted a doctor surplus in its 1979 report, and allopathic medical education has maintained an even level in its enrollment.” (Health and Human Services, 2011) The earlier statistical analysis of factors that were considered did not include the new technologies and the amount of medical specialist’s increase which has made changes to how the medical profession operates. The factors also did include the trend to have more salaried positions such as in the HMO market and the fact that more women are enrolling to practice medicine and enrolling in medical schools. These factors along with unanticipated population growth add to the shortage of medical practitioners in overall calculations that include rural needs for services. These factors remain in place about the future demand for physicians. The amount of growth...
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...games) ( ) 3. Increased time communicating on phones ( ) d. Social opinions of overweight individuals 1. Cultures identify overweight people as lazy, stupid, and slow. 2. Effects of negative attitudes expressed towards obese teens. e. Increased emotional disorders (i.e. anxiety, depression) ( ) B. Additional factors affecting obesity in teenagers 1. Low self-perception and self-esteem 2. Social isolation 3. Reduction in physical activity C. Health consequences of overweight 1. Orthopedic problems 2. Dermatological disorders 3. Cardiovascular disease 4. Juvenile diabetes II. Historical Perspective A. Overweight women valued in (1800’s) 1. American Culture in the United States 2. Media recognition B. Economic and cultural aspects of overweight individuals 1. African Americans, and American Indian children, especially their girls, have higher...
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...Mixing Law and Medicine: A Lethal Combination Abstract “First do no harm” is the foundations that medical practices are based on, but there times in which the lines are blurred and physicians must question their ethical, legal and moral participation in procedures. Physician participation in executions of convicted criminals is explored in this paper. The history of the death penalty, including the early involvement of physicians is surveyed. The pros and cons as well of the legal and ethical grounds for medical professionals are weighed ultimately present the necessity for qualified medical professionals to carry out state sanctioned executions regardless of one’s position on the death penalty. Outline I. Introduction a. Thesis- Even though physician’s participation in the implementation of court ordered executions are in direct violation of the fundamental directive of the Physician’s Code of Ethics, “First, do no harm…,” it is a necessary product of the practice to ensure a “good death” for the convicted. II. History and Development of Capital Punishment a. Primitive Forms b. Physician Involvement in capital punishment progression c. Federal Government Intervention d. Current participation state statistics III. Medical Code of Ethics History IV. American Medical Association (AMA) a. AMA stance b. Acceptable actions c. Unacceptable actions V. The Physician’s Argument a. Same motivations- different point of view VI. Other Ethical...
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...Sketch of Authors Author Mary E. Stefl, Ph.d received her B.A at Wittenberg University, then proceeded to the University of Cincinnati to complete her M.A and Ph. D. Currently, Stefl teaches quality control management, managerial empidemiology and leadership devlopement at Trinity University. Other than her academic achievements, Stefl also enhances her teaching with her experience as former chair of Accrediting Commission on Education for Health Services Administration (ACEHSA) and former chair member of the Board of Directors of the Association of University Programs in Health Administration (AUPHA). Summary of Contents The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE), Physician Executives (ACPE), the American Organization of Nurse Exceutives (AONE), Healthcare Financial Management Association (HFMA), Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS), the Medical Group Management Association (MSMA) and the American College of Medical Practice Executives (ACMPE) converged their expertise in healthcare accreditation to formulate the Healthcare Leadership Alliance (HLA). The HLA studied each certifying organization listed above to conclude five predominate competencies required for healthcare professionals. The five domains are as follows, (1) communication and relationship management, (2) leadership, (3) professionalism, (4) knowledge, and (5) business skills and knowledge. Stefl notes, the importance of the leadership competency is due to the linkage between each...
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...Managed Care Organizations (MCOs) the best solution for healthcare providers? Many say, “no.” According the American Medical Association, “late payment of claims by managed care organizations (MCOs) and other payers is a common problem for many physicians in a wide range of practice settings, and combating this problem is a priority for the AMA.” There is also a heavy administrative burden on physicians and their staff who often spend excessive time on the phone with MCO’s pursuing unpaid and overdue claims, it is not unheard of for some claims to be outstanding for six months or more. “Managed care plans receive a predetermined amount of money per member, regardless of the service.” (Baker, 2011, p. 35). A clinical perspective of why Managed care is bad for healthcare providers at times is MCOs across the country have taken control of medical decision making by blurring the definition of medical necessity-a clinical determination with covered services-a business determination. At the same time, MCOs specifically disclaim any responsibility for medical decision making and seek to place all liability on physicians. Managed Care is bad for healthcare providers Some managed care contracts leave the determination of medical necessity squarely in the hands of the MCO medical director with no stated role for the treating physician. This allows the medical director to override the treating physician’s decisions, this is extremely harmful to patients and physicians operating...
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...enough to boost the positive impact of an EHR while minimizing the negative effects (American Medical Association, n.d.). A readiness assessment can assist in identifying the readiness of an organization to successfully starting an EHR, the readiness for the staff to accept, and productively by using the EHR. The results will help assess what the current state of technology is, what is needed to make a change, what the potential barriers are, the user needs, time-sensitive factors and appropriate steps to take action. The readiness and the needs assessment should involve everyone who will be using the EHR or whose job could be affected by the EHR. This could include personnel such as clerical, and office staff, administration, scheduling, or billing staff, physicians, nurses and computer support staff (Ginsberg, n.d.). A vision for what the EHR means to the organization should be included in the needs assessment. It should also include an assessment of the current processes, the workflow, and data collection, reporting, and billing needs. An assessment should be made of what the Internet capabilities are, the financial abilities, clinical priorities, and any other special requirements. Special considerations need to be made to assess the computer abilities of staff members, along with their knowledge and attitudes towards a new system (Amatayakul, 2005). The American Medicine Association has developed a needs assessment checklist that has included the integration with the...
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...Supply and Demand Solution Summary Economics is the “the scientific study of the choices made by individuals and societies in regard to the alternative uses of scarce resources which are employed to satisfy wants” (Rodda, 2004, p. 1). One basic principle of economics is supply and demand, which is considered the most useful concept in economics. The theory of supply and demand is a powerful tool in predicting future behavior. Supply and demand is two key concepts for health care. Problem Baby Boomers make up about 78 million Americans. According to Sanderson (2010) “they account for 90% of nursing homes, 38% of emergency medical responses, 34% of prescription, 35% of hospital stays, and 26% of physician office visits” (p. 2). The Baby Boomers will need health care so the demand for employees will continue to increase over the next decade and beyond (Gigane, 2012). “The Baby Boomer generation is aging and will need more health care support (demand) over the next few years. “Nurses and primary care physicians (PCP) will be needed (supply) to meet this demand. Reduction in Medicare payments leaving PCP’s scrambling to keep their practices complicate the supply chain for this increasing demand” (UOPX, 2012, para.). According to the American Hospital Association “a Boomer population that is more ethnically and racially diverse will require delivery systems and caregivers that are sensitive to cultural differences and how those differences impact care” (p. 7). The nursing shortage...
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...Examination of Clinical Psychology PSY/480 Examination of Clinical Psychology Clinical psychology is a profession that focuses on helping individuals with various troubles and concerns they experience during their relationships, emotions, and physical selves. One example of what a clinical psychologist can do is to see if a child has a learning disability or an attention problem that might contribute to poor school performance by using intellectual and educational tests (Plante, 2011). In this paper, the history of clinical psychology will be examined as well as its role of research and statistics. In addition, clinical psychology will be furthered examined and how it differs from other mental professions such as social work, psychiatry, and school psychology. The field of clinical psychology was founded in 1896 by Lightner Witmer (1867–1956) who opened the first psychological clinic at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1888, Witmer completed his undergraduate studies and earned his PhD in psychology at the University of Leipzig (Plante, 2011). Further he returned to the University of Pennsylvania to become director of their psychology laboratory. He applied his principles of human behavior to help a student that was not performing well in school and as a result, found out he had trouble in spelling, reading, and memory, and recommended tutoring, which later proved to be a successful intervention (Plante, 2011). He focused on assisting children with primarily school-related...
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...2.) Adverse Action AACU American Association of Colleges and Universities AAO Affirmative Action Office AAP Affirmative Action Plan AAR Average Annual Return AARP American Association of Retired Persons ABF Asset Based Financing ABM Activity Based Management ABMS Activities Based Management System ABS Asset Backed Security ACH Automated Clearing House AD & D Accidental Death and Dismemberment ADA Americans with Disabilities Act ADEA Age Discrimination and Employment Act ADL Activities of Daily Living ADP Automatic Data Processing ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution AE Account Executive AED United Arab Emirates AFL-CIO American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations AFSCME American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employers AJB Americas Job Bank ALC Alien Labor Certification ALEX Automated Labor Exchange ALJ Administrative Law Judge ALM Asset Liability Management AM Asset Management AMA 1.) American Management Association 2.) American Medical Association AMPS Auction Market Preferred Stock ANSI American National Standards Institute AP Accounts Payable AR Accounts Receivable APB Accounting Principles Board APR Annual Percentage Rate APV Adjusted Present Value APY Annual Percentage Yield ASAE American Society of Association Executives ASB Accounting Standards Board ASHHRA American Society for Healthcare Human Resources Administration ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ...
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...Examination of Clinical Psychology PSY/480 Examination of Clinical Psychology Clinical psychology is a profession that focuses on helping individuals with various troubles and concerns they experience during their relationships, emotions, and physical selves. One example of what a clinical psychologist can do is to see if a child has a learning disability or an attention problem that might contribute to poor school performance by using intellectual and educational tests (Plante, 2011). In this paper, the history of clinical psychology will be examined as well as its role of research and statistics. In addition, clinical psychology will be furthered examined and how it differs from other mental professions such as social work, psychiatry, and school psychology. The field of clinical psychology was founded in 1896 by Lightner Witmer (1867–1956) who opened the first psychological clinic at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1888, Witmer completed his undergraduate studies and earned his PhD in psychology at the University of Leipzig (Plante, 2011). Further he returned to the University of Pennsylvania to become director of their psychology laboratory. He applied his principles of human behavior to help a student that was not performing well in school and as a result, found out he had trouble in spelling, reading, and memory, and recommended tutoring, which later proved to be a successful intervention (Plante, 2011). He focused on assisting children with primarily school-related...
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...for being here at the Summit of Nursing Evolution. My name is Chhay Yann-Ly and I am a nurse. We are living in an era where the United States (US) health care system is going through tremendous changes and challenges, with sky-rocketing health care costs, fragmented and poor quality of care, high volume of aging population, and passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) in 2010. A summary of the PPACA is basically to improve the health care delivery system, expand coverage, and control cost (Democratics Senate Gov/Reform, n. d.). With these changes, comes the evolutionary nursing professional transformation process. This speech is a crash course on the evolving practice of nursing and patient care delivery models. The goal of this speech is to discuss the continuity or continuum of care in relation to accountable care organizations, medical homes, and nurse-managed clinics health care models. Since nursing is the backbone of health care, all of these care delivery models require a robust nursing contribution for success (American Nurses Association (ANA), 2010). The first model is the accountable care organizations (ACO). ACOs is a “shared savings” with Medicare (part A & B). The ACO, according to the ANA (2010), is “a collaboration among primary care clinicians, a hospital, specialists and other health professionals who accept joint responsibility for the quality and cost of care provided to its patients” (p. 2). The law in the PPACA gives some room...
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...governments have made efforts in trying to take steps toward a universal health care system. Early reform poured the foundation for today’s government healthcare programs. The United States witnessed social movements that demanded access to the American dream. People who were viewed as second-class citizens banded together and demanded reform on their behalves. The largest of these movements was a demand for universal healthcare. American’s greatest issue was sickness and missing work. When working individuals missed work due to “sickness” they lost their wages. The loss of income made sickness the leading cause of poverty. Reformists saw a need for national healthcare and the campaign began. Health insurance that would protect the worker against wage loss and expenses incurred from medical treatment. In 1906, the American Association of Labor Legislation (AALL) became active in the push for national health care. They created a committee that concentrated on healthcare insurance, and in 1915 drafted a bill that gave limited coverage to the working class and to anyone that earned less than $1200 a year. This draft included sick pay, death, and maternity benefits. The proposal was meet by opposition. Although the American Medical Association offered its support of the bill in the beginning, it soon followed...
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...health agencies, and HMO’s routinely provide information on advance directives at the time of admission. They are required to do this by federal law. The PSDA simply requires that most health care institutions do the following: give you at the time of admission a written summary of your health care decisions-making rights, the facility’s policies with respect to recognizing advance directives, and ask you if you have an advance directive, and document that fact in your medication record. On the contrary, many physicians were not in favor of a policy for patient self determination because they felt that this would decrease their authority regarding medicine, interfere with the patient-physician relationship, and be one more legal regulation (General Accounting Office (GAO) Letter Report, 1995). However, the American Medical Association supported the policy. Some hospitals were concerned about the execution of the policy as they believed that it was appropriate to give medical advice but not legal advice. Although most maintstream religions do not feel that withdrawing life support is in opposition to their beliefs, there were concerns about appropriate stopping points. First of all, the current medical practice in the United...
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