...during the civil rights movement’s activities, most of which helped stem the tide of racism. Since the 1960s, the period during which the civil rights movement carried out its activities, tremendous progress has been achieved. The achievements can be misconstrued by some to mean absolute elimination of racism and anti-Semitism. But the reality of the matter is that racism and anti-Semitism are still part of the American society, and evidence from research will be discussed to support this claim. The first evidence of the continuity of racism in America is the placement of a limit on the number of Asians who can be admitted to Ivy League colleges in the United States (Lubin, 2012). Racism is also shown to be part of the American society as shown by anti-black sentiments as well as anti-Hispanic sentiments in the United States as of 2012, more than four decades since the civil rights movement staged protests (Associated Press, 2012). Additionally, the Anti-Defamation League reports that hate crimes that are related to religion were predominantly directed to Jews who suffered 77% of these crimes (ADL, 2012), a scenario that serves as evidence of the continued presence of anti-Semitism in the United States. Racism is manifested by the decision by some colleges and universities to limit the...
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...1. I don't agree with the Ku Klux Klan, the Arian Nation, or other racist groups on most issues. The are tremendously anti-Semitic, hateful, and are just plain wrong in many of their tactics and views. However, I do understand what motivates them on some issues. I have seen the stereotypes that fuel their fire. It seems that illegal immigration has sparked a resurgence in their ranks. That is a hot issue with me and much of the U.S. population, as well. From the Alliance Defense League web site: New York, NY, February 6, 2007 … The Ku Klux Klan, which just a few years ago seemed static or even moribund compared to other white supremacist movements such as neo-Nazis, experienced "a surprising and troubling resurgence" during the past year due...
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...Every year, thousands of Americans come under attack because of their race, ethnicity, national origin, sexual orientation, gender, religion, or a disability. These attacks can range from name-calling, offensive jokes, and social exclusion to life-threatening acts of violence. When these attacks cross the line into criminal activity, they are considered to be hate crimes. Hate crimes can take many forms; A black teenager is beaten up by white teenagers while walking through a suburb. Swastikas are painted on a synagogue. A gay man is killed and another is injured when they are attacked by a group of men outside a gay bar. A transgender male or female. A bomb threat is called in to a local Islamic center, and racial epithets are shouted at children wearing traditional Arab clothing. Not only do hate crimes affect individual victims, but can also harm every other member of the group that individual represents, creating a sense of fear, vulnerability, insecurity, distrust, and outrage. They can also launch cycles of retaliation and counter-retaliation among groups. Almost two-thirds of reported attacks are committed by individuals under the age of 24. Although people of all racial and ethnic groups commit hate crimes, young white males commit majority of them. Most victims of violent hate crimes are also young: more than half of the victims of reported hate violence are age 24 or under, and nearly a third are under 18. African Americans, Jews, Arab Americans and Muslims, new immigrants...
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...2.0 Introduction Racism is the belief that characteristics and abilities can be attributed to people simply on the basis of their race and that some racial groups are superior to others. Racism has existed throughout human history. It may be defined as the hatred of one person by another -- or the belief that another person is less than human -- because of skin color, language, customs, and place of birth or any factor that supposedly reveals the basic nature of that person. It has influenced wars, slavery, the formation of nations, and legal codes. Racism and discrimination have been used as powerful weapons encouraging fear or hatred of others in times of conflict and war, and even during economic downturns. During the past 500-1000 years, racism on the part of Western powers toward non-Westerners has had a far more significant impact on history than any other form of racism (such as racism among Western groups or among Easterners, such as Asians, Africans, and others). The most notorious example of racism by the West has been slavery, particularly the enslavement of Africans in the New World (slavery itself dates back thousands of years). This enslavement was accomplished because of the racist belief that Black Africans were less fully human than white Europeans and their descendants. From the 16th century until now, racism still exists and it is causing major problem to countries all over the world. Today, the minorities are often discriminate through...
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...group committed heinous murders and other acts of defiance against the equality with African Americans that threatened their social and economic standings. KKK membership has fluctuated since they were formed, but; they reached two main membership peaks: in the 1920s with the red scare after World War I and in the 1960s during the civil rights movement. Both of these were times when minority groups fought for recognition. The civil rights movement also brought hate groups of African Americans. Groups like the Black Panther Party and Black Nationalists opposed the oppression they faced and fought it violently. Today, there is a modern civil rights movement happening and there has been a recent rise in hate group activity. Movements such as anti-racism and gay-rights have raised attention and faced opposition. In modern times, hate groups are less tangible. While there may not be groups with national committees holding meetings to oppose these civil rights, there are groups that have these common hatreds: religious groups, political parties, and certain demographic areas are just a few. Hate groups have left huge impacts on society during periods of social liberation, whether for or against the cause. During the reconstruction period in the United States of America, former slaves were granted citizenship and encouraged by Northerners to participate in the government. The army and carpetbaggers flooded the South during reconstruction to assure the plan was being followed. When...
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...The Rise of Anti-Semitism Nicole Badofsky English 147 12.7.2015 Amanda Yates The Rise of Anti-Semitism I was scrolling through Facebook, as I normally do when my attention was brought to a video about Jewish men and women on college campuses. I proceeded to watch the video and became horrified at some of the stories I was hearing from students that were talking about being attacked by Palestinian protestors as well as people who were anti-Israel. The story that affected me the most was when a student was struck in the back of the head from behind by a group of Palestinian men. After the student was struck in the back of the head, he was in a coma for a little over three months and needed extensive recovery. This is just one story of the anti-Semitism we are seeing in recent years, thankfully he made a full recovery. Unfortunately, many Jews that are being targeted throughout the world have not been so lucky and have had their lives tragically taken, these are their stories. In recent years, the tension between Israel and Palestine has caused a large increase in the violence against the Jewish people in Israel, Europe, and the United States. Attacks on Israeli Jews have been extremely high in the past couple of years due to the tension between the Palestinians and the Israelis. In a recent study, on November 19th, 2015 Yesiab, who was age 32, Yaakov Don, who was age 51, Ezra Schwartz who was age 18 were tragically killed when a Palestinian man had opened fire with...
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...Prepared for THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PEACE, VIOLENCE, AND CONFLICT, 2nd ed., (Academic Press, expected 2008). Hate Crimes Jack Levin and Jack McDevitt Northeastern University I. Legal Distinctions II. Hate Crimes and Prejudice III. Why Treat Hate Crimes Differently? IV. Problems in Collecting Hate Crime Data V. Types of Hate Crimes VI. Organized Hate Groups VII. VIII. Are Hate Crimes on the Rise? Responses to Hate crimes IX. Conclusion GLOSSARY Defensive Hate Crimes Hate offenses aimed against particular “outsiders” who are regarded as posing a challenge to a perpetrator’s neighborhood, workplace, school, or physical wellbeing. Ethno-violence Acts of hate that do not necessarily rise to the legal standard of a crime, but contain an element of prejudice. Hate Crimes (also known as Bias Crimes) Criminal offenses motivated either entirely or in part by the fact or perception that a victim is different from the perpetrator. Mission Hate Crimes Hate offenses committed as an act of “war” against any and all members of a particular group of people. Modern Racism victim. Prejudice A negative attitude toward individuals based on their perceived group Subtle and institutionalized forms of bigotry based on the race of the membership. Retaliatory Hate Crimes terrorism. Thrill Hate Crimes Hate offenses typically committed by youngsters who are motivated by Hate offenses designed to get even for hate crimes or acts of the desire for excitement. HATE CRIMES are criminal...
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...guideline states that if any employer feels that giving someone a religious accommodation can in any way cause an “undue hardship” on the company or place, that they are not required to grant the accommodation. Now, an “undue hardship”, as stated by the Anti- Defamation League means, “..that an employer need not incur more than minimal costs in order to accommodate an employee’s religious practices.” What that means is that if any harm or trouble will be caused in order to grant the accommodation, then the accommodation does not need to be...
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...distribute “offensive Pepes” to try to make him less appealing to mainstream audiences. 4channers claim that “normies,” groups of people who use social media and follow popular opinion, dangerously overexpose Pepe. These offensive Pepes are often subtle attacks towards minorities, but are usually socially acceptable in informal settings. Subsequently, the casual internet racist is born (“The Rise”). Pepe’s take over by ironic racists was certainly detrimental to internet culture; however, the greatest damage done was when white nationalists groups saw the potential in this ever-relaxed frog, and claimed him as one of their own (see fig. 1). In fact, nowadays Pepe is officially known as a symbol of Nazism (“Pepe The Frog’s”). When the ADL, the Anti Defamation League, added Pepe to their list of hate symbols in 2016, Nazis celebrated. Their ownership of this...
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...Hate Crimes Hate Crimes In today’s society crimes are being committed all around us, but hate crimes are particularly hurtful crimes and are committed against people for things that they cannot change. Martin Luther King once said that “Almost always, the creative dedicated minority has made the world better.” So why is it that these crimes are still tolerated in 2012? Racism has been a major contributor to hate crimes but as the years have gone by it is not the only factor involved. Gender, sexual preferences, disabilities, and religious beliefs also play a role in this type of bias. Hate crimes are criminal offenses committed against a person property or society which is solely motivated by the offenders’ bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity. Who, Why, What, When and Where? These crimes are usually committed out of fear, ignorance, prejudice, or just a general lack of understanding with the highest percentage (62.3%) being committed by our white society. The FBI Hate Crimes Statistic lists 6,624 documented cases for 2010 alone. Racial hate crimes contributed 47.3%, followed by religious hate crimes at 20%, sexual orientation at 19.3%, ethnic crimes at 12.8%, and crimes against people with disabilities at .6%. 32% of these crimes are committed on the victims own property, 28% across various locations, 19% on public roads, highways, and alleys, and the remaining 11% at our Public Schools and Colleges. Some things that are done during...
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...* How does your selected religious group differ from other religious groups (such as in their beliefs, worship practices, or values)? My selected religion is Judaism; Judaism is a religion that is based on the Old Testament, that the Jews call the Torah. Judaism is based on the belief of God. The Jews do not believe that Jesus Christ is the Messiah and are still waiting on his coming. According to Kriger (2010) According to the American Jewish Identity Survey of 2001 (Mayer, Kosmin, & Keysar, 2003), nearly 5.3 million people in the United States are Jewish (as measured by self-identification or by heritage). Jews are often referred to as one group; however, as with other ethnic groups, the Jewish people are diverse. Modern Jews have a shared history and common ancestry, leading back to the time of the Hebrew Bible, but they have since spread throughout the world. The countries in which Jews have lived have influenced their culture. For instance, Indian Jews have incorporated the caste systems into their daily lives, whereas Chinese Jews have incorporated Confucian ideas into their practices (Langman,1999) Sephardi Jews (families of Spanish descent) have integrated Spanish culture into their foods and have created a Hebrew-Spanish hybrid language known as Ladino (Langman, 1999). The Ashkenazi Jews account for nearly 80% of the worlds Jews and represent the majority of Jewish identity in the United States (Elazae,!992; Langman, 1999) and are those whose ancestors lived...
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...Terrorism and Homeland Defense Fundamentals Weekly Assignment 3.2 Part One: 1. Describe the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine in 1947. For two years after the end of WWII, the world was in constant flux. New countries and boundaries were being drawn and one of the most contested and controversial was the creation of an Israeli/ Palestinian state. The Learning Network (2011) states the following: On Nov. 29, 1947, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution calling for Palestine to be partitioned between Arabs and Jews, allowing for the formation of the Jewish state of Israel. Since 1917, Palestine had been under the control of Britain, which supported the creation of a Jewish state in the holy land. Sympathy for the Jewish cause grew during the genocide of European Jews during the Holocaust. In 1946, the Palestine issue was brought before the newly created United Nations, which drafted a partition plan. The plan, which organized Palestine into three Jewish sections, four Arab sections and the internationally-administered city of Jerusalem, had strong support in Western nations as well as the Soviet Union. It was opposed by Arab nations. US Central Intelligence Agency (para. 1-3) 2. Why do you think that Palestinian terrorists concentrate on soft targets? The concentration on soft targets is a result of the need to draw attention of a global audience that is increasingly challenging to traumatize, the growing sophistication of the terrorists...
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...sources may have bias. Check carefully for the expertise or background of the writer or contributor. Online Sources Not all article links may work; if you experience problems with a link, please contact the library for assistance. 1. Presumed Guilty: American Muslim and Arabs Presumed Guilty: American Muslims and Arabs on Making Contact 2. American School Textbooks – How They Portrayed the Middle East from 1898 to 1994 American Educational History Journal, Volume 35, Number 1 and 2, 2008, edited by J. Wesley Null 3. Scott J. Simon. "Arabs in Hollywood: An Undeserved Image". Emerson College. http://pages.emerson.edu/organizations/fas/latent_image/issues/1996-04/arabs.htm. Retrieved 17 May 2012. 4. 100 Years of anti-Arab and anti-Muslim stereotyping by Mazin B. Qumsiyeh 5. Why Hollywood Owes Me Money by Laila Lalami 6. Khalil, Ashraf (4 October 2007). "But can you play a terrorist?". http://articles.latimes.com/2007/oct/04/entertainment/et-arabactors4. Retrieved 17 May 2012. 7. The Portrayal of Arabs in American Media 8. Patrick Harrington interviews, Jack Shaheen, author of Reel Bad Arabs 9. Driving to Zigzigland – Official site. Retrieved Oct 2012. 10. War on terror drives Arab actor to "Zigzigland" Reuters, 14 Dec 2006. Retrieved 2 Oct 2012. 11. "Terror Probe Changes Face of Racial Profiling Debate". FOX News. 1 October 2001. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,35521,00.html. Retrieved 17 May 2012. 12. "Official: 15...
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...sources may have bias. Check carefully for the expertise or background of the writer or contributor. Online Sources Not all article links may work; if you experience problems with a link, please contact the library for assistance. 1. Presumed Guilty: American Muslim and Arabs Presumed Guilty: American Muslims and Arabs on Making Contact 2. American School Textbooks – How They Portrayed the Middle East from 1898 to 1994 American Educational History Journal, Volume 35, Number 1 and 2, 2008, edited by J. Wesley Null 3. Scott J. Simon. "Arabs in Hollywood: An Undeserved Image". Emerson College. http://pages.emerson.edu/organizations/fas/latent_image/issues/1996-04/arabs.htm. Retrieved 17 May 2012. 4. 100 Years of anti-Arab and anti-Muslim stereotyping by Mazin B. Qumsiyeh 5. Why Hollywood Owes Me Money by Laila Lalami 6. Khalil, Ashraf (4 October 2007). "But can you play a terrorist?". http://articles.latimes.com/2007/oct/04/entertainment/et-arabactors4. Retrieved 17 May 2012. 7. The Portrayal of Arabs in American Media 8. Patrick Harrington interviews, Jack Shaheen, author of Reel Bad Arabs 9. Driving to Zigzigland – Official site. Retrieved Oct 2012. 10. War on terror drives Arab actor to "Zigzigland" Reuters, 14 Dec 2006. Retrieved 2 Oct 2012. 11. "Terror Probe Changes Face of Racial Profiling Debate". FOX News. 1 October 2001. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,35521,00.html. Retrieved 17 May 2012. 12. "Official: 15...
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...Prayer in Public Schools Derrick DuHart Race, Religion, Culture Arkansas Baptist College Dr. Johnson, Instructor November 4, 2014 Tables of Contents I. Introduction Background/Statement of Problems pg. 3-4 Purpose of the Study pg. 5-12 Research Questions pg. 13 Significance of the Study pg. 14-19 II. Literature Review Methodology and Sampling Design Strategy pg. 20 Data Collection Procedures pg. 20 Data Analyzed pg. 21 Ethical Issues pg. 21 III. Results Conclusion pg. 21-22 References pg. 23 Appendix: I. Annotated Bibliography pg. 24-26 II. Survey Questions pg. 27 III. Results (Charted/Tables) pg. 28-31 Notes: I. Introduction Background/Statement of Problem Prayer in Public Schools The courts have ruled against prayer in school. Many agree with the decision; yet many disagree. Prayer should be allowed in public schools because it is already practiced. It prevents...
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