...Physiological Effects of Caffeine: (Note that the doses of caffeine required to produce such effects, and the severity of those effects, varies between individuals.) CARDIOVASCULAR (-) Caffeine is a vasoconstrictor and stimulant. (-) Caffeine often increases blood pressure by contracting the heart and blood vessels in non-habitual users. Effects usually subside after 3 – 4 h. (-) Caffeine changes the electro-physiological activity of the heart, increasing conductivity, even in limited doses. (-) Heavy caffeine consumption raises (by about 2 mmol/L)the plasma levels of homocystine, a risk factor for heart disease. (-) Caffeine raises plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine levels in non-habitual users. (-) Coffee intake may raise serum cholesterol levels. Intakes of 5+ cups of unfiltered have been shown to raise cholesterol levels by 0.5 – 1.0 mmol/L (20 – 40 mg/dL). GASTROINTESTINAL (-) Caffeine stimulates gastric secretion. Some individuals are sensitive to caffeine and suffer ill effects such as acid indigestion, heartburn, abdominal pain, gas or constipation to varying degrees. (-) Coffee can cause emesis (vomiting) (-) Caffeine inhibits vassopressin, it acts as a powerful diuretic (it increases urination.) (-) Liver metabolism is effected by methylxanthines such as caffeine. It increases the levels of cyclic AMP and decreases the level of branched chain and aromatic amino acids in plasma. MUSCULAR/SKELETAL (-) Caffeine can mobilize calcium from cells and may lead...
Words: 305 - Pages: 2
...Caffeine is the most consumed psychoactive drug in the world (Solinas et al, 2002). Caffeine has been known to have many side effects on hour external behavior and our internal physiological behavior. We use caffeine in our lives to sometimes stay awake to study or just get through the day. Caffeine decreases the blood flow to the brain by constricting the blood vessels but can also increase blood flow after continuous intake that may cause headaches (Kalat, 2004). Caffeine has a tendency to block adenosine (A1-, A2A-, A2B-, A3), which increases throughout the day to allow us to sleep and then decreases as we sleep which allows us to wake. Thus, if caffeine blocks adenosine we are unable to sleep when feeling the urge or wanting to sleep, which may cause us to decrease our caffeine intake. Caffeine acts to antagonize adenosine receptors, which then affects cell populations because it counteracts many adenosine effects. The caffeine mainly has an effect on the A2a adenosine receptors which then elevates the energy metabolism in the brain and also causes a decrease in cerebral blood flow (Cameron,et.al, 1990; Ghelardini, et.al, 1997; Nehliget.al,1992; Neuhauser-Berthold et.al, 1997). Along with caffeine affecting the adenosine it also has an effect on GABA receptors and the release of dopamine (Nehlig et.al, 1992). Caffeine not only blockades adenosine it also releases intracellular calcium, inhibits phosphodiesterases and blockade...
Words: 2086 - Pages: 9
...I JUST CAN’T GET GOING WITHOUT MY MORNING COFFEE Effects of Caffeine Shilpa Jones Dr. Panter 03/27/2012 In today’s society, caffeine is a way of life and can be found in various shapes and forms. Though most people might not regard caffeine as a drug, it very much is. Around 90% of Americans swallow caffeine each day and at the amount of 300 milligrams. Caffeine is a white powder that is fairly soluble in liquid at a person’s body temperature. In the supermarket, many products up and down the aisle can be found that contain caffeine in some sort of form. Coffee, which usually contains the most, to the ever popular choice of soda are just some of the products that include the substance, caffeine. Not only can it be found in many regular products, but also in the form of over-the-counter medicines. Caffeine is prescribed for treatment of drowsiness and fatigue. As with all forms of it, caffeine is dangerous and has put a big burden on society today. People do not know its destructive affects and continue to abuse it unknowingly. The stimulant, caffeine has had an adverse effect on behavior in America and is simply going to get worse as time goes on. | 8oz | 12oz Can | per/oz | Caffeine in Coke Products | | | | Coke Classic | 23 mg | 34.5 mg | 2.875 mg | Coke Zero | 23 mg | 34.5 mg | 2.875 mg | Vanilla Coke | 23 mg | 34.5 mg | 2.875 mg | Diet Coke | 31 mg | 46.5 mg | 3.875 mg | Diet Vanilla Coke | 31 mg | 46.5 mg | 3.875 mg | | | ...
Words: 2117 - Pages: 9
...Effects of Caffeine on a Person’s Cardiovascular System INTRODUCTION Caffeine is a stimulant that makes a person’s heart beat faster (Nunley 2013). This effect of caffeine is usually seen as a negative one and that it hearts your cardiovascular health overall. A lower heart rate, both resting and post exercise, is said to be better if the rate is lower because it puts you at a lower risk of having a stroke or heart disease (Boyles 2002). Having a lower rate is preferred because it means that your heart is working at a slower sped to pump the amount of blood necessary for your body. (Simon 2015) We predicted that people with lower daily caffeine consumption will have lower resting and lower post exercise heart rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS We had teams of three. Each person took a tally of their normal caffeine consumption on an average day. Each team took their resting pulse (after waiting until they were sitting down for at least five minutes to make sure our pulse was back to normal resting heart rate) by counting the amount of times they could feel a beat on either their wrist or their neck for a whole 60 seconds. The groups of students then completed the 3-minute step test where they followed the beat of a metronome at 100 bpm on a step that was 12 inches in height. Immediately following the ending of the step test, the students took their pulse once again for an entire 60 seconds. We then took a look at our heart rates compared to the national rankings to see how...
Words: 1170 - Pages: 5
...Caffeine Ingestion: Its Effect on Muscle Metabolism Business Statistics/BUS3020 Caffeine Ingestion: Its effect on RER Coffee Pot --- It’s already ubiquitous that a perfect start for our day is to have a cup of hot and fresh coffee. Coffee has already earned its spot in our “daily-important-things” to have, and even have defined a space on our diet. These drinks are classified as a beverage with a different stimulating aroma and a substance known as caffeine that drives one away from the world for a second at least. Speaking of caffeine, the common belief that it improves both mental and physical performance, combined with the removal of caffeine from the banned substances list on the January 1, 2004 by the World Anti-Doping Agency, has led to its widespread use amongst athletes competing in many sports. Research updated that acute ingestion of caffeine before exercise has been shown to prolong exercise endurance, increase plasma epinephrine and serum free fatty acids (ffa’s), and spare muscle glycogen. Henceforth, it is clear that caffeine can be employed as an ergogenic agent or that it enhance athletic performance or facilitate physical exercise for a wide range of exercise conditions (Graham, 1997) and it is often proposed that this effect is mediated by enhancing fat oxidation and decreasing carbohydrate use in the active muscles. However, not only does caffeine enhance exercise capacity when endogenous carbohydrates are not limiting metabolism (Anselme et al. 1992)...
Words: 1498 - Pages: 6
...Effects of caffeine on trained subjects. A review on the effects of caffeine supplementation on physical and mental performance of trained subjects. Word count: Effects of caffeine on trained subjects. Abstract Caffeine is a commonly used, legal ergogenic aid used among athletes. This is a short and concise summary of the main finding of the effect of caffeine on trained individuals. Introduction Caffeine supplementation has shown to have an ergogonic effect on physical ability and has been linked to cognitive performance (article 4). Much controversy is involved in relation to the cognitive response to caffeine (article 3), in particular reaction time (article 1), concentration and memory (article 3). An increase in endurance may be due to caffeine’s ability to increase the gastrointestinal absorption of glucose for energy (article 3), This effect relies on the presence of carbohydrates (CHO) for oxidation (article 2). Caffeine is an antagonist toward adenosine receptors, which stimulates the central nervous system (CNS) (article 1). By stimulating the CNS this can potentially increase the activation of motor neurons and therefore increase power output (article 1). Therefore the subject’s performance on short repeated sprints is improved. The point of this review is to compact the results of the numerous studies that analyzed the effects of caffeine on endurance, utilization of CHO, power output, cognitive performance and reaction time of trained individuals...
Words: 1460 - Pages: 6
...INVESTIGATION OF CAFFEINE CONTENT LEVEL OF TOP 5 COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE COFFEE PRODUCTS USED BY MSU CHS STUDENTS AND ITS EFFECT ON COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to: Prof. Ashley Ali- Bangcola, RN, MAN In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements In HS 199 1ST semester AY 2011-2012 Presented by: Norhanifah R. Mala-atao June 2011 Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE Background of the Study “A cup of coffee will do.” One might say this early morning before leaving for work or for school, in the afternoon when you are so busy doing all your stuff and you feel drained, or late evening when you need to be awake to study a pile of lectures, make your requirements, prepare for your report and the like. It is really a fact that nowadays people are hooked at drinking coffee for them to stay alive and more alert. For some, it has become a habit. Aside from that, it is also undeniable that coffee production is in greater amounts. Coffee shops are widely spread, and if you passed by a grocery mart or mini-store along the corner of your streets, you can buy an instant coffee product. It is readily available in market at an affordable cost. What is really in coffee that we seem to be addicted with? It is actually the caffeine. Caffeine is a drug that is naturally produced in the leaves and seeds of many plants. It's also produced artificially and added to certain foods (www.kids.org.caffeine.html). Caffeine is defined as a drug because...
Words: 4922 - Pages: 20
...(2008) 12, 153–162 www.elsevier.com/locate/smrv CLINICAL REVIEW Caffeine: Sleep and daytime sleepiness Timothy Roehrsa,b,Ã, Thomas Rotha,b a Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 W Grand Blvd, CFP-3, Detroit, MI 48202, USA b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA KEYWORDS Caffeine; Daytime sleepiness; Sleep disturbance; Caffeine dependence Summary Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive substances and it has profound effects on sleep and wake function. Laboratory studies have documented its sleep-disruptive effects. It clearly enhances alertness and performance in studies with explicit sleep deprivation, restriction, or circadian sleep schedule reversals. But, under conditions of habitual sleep the evidence indicates that caffeine, rather then enhancing performance, is merely restoring performance degraded by sleepiness. The sleepiness and degraded function may be due to basal sleep insufficiency, circadian sleep schedule reversals, rebound sleepiness, and/or a withdrawal syndrome after the acute, over-night, caffeine discontinuation typical of most studies. Studies have shown that caffeine dependence develops at relatively low daily doses and after short periods of regular daily use. Large sample and population-based studies indicate that regular daily dietary caffeine intake is associated with disturbed sleep and associated daytime sleepiness...
Words: 7248 - Pages: 29
...Motivation Caffeine is the world’s most commonly used psychoactive substance in the world. People have enjoyed and consumed caffeine as early as the 14th century. More than 60 plant species throughout the world have been identified as containing the chemical compound of caffeine. The wide spread natural occurrence of caffeine in many plant species has played a major role in the popularity of caffeine containing products (Baron and Roberts, 1996) such as chocolate and especially tea and coffee. Caffeine containing beverages made from native plants in South America, such as guarana, yoco, and mate, have been traced back to antiquity (Rall,1980). Since its chemical isolation in 1820, Caffeine, natural and man-made, has been added to foods,...
Words: 2338 - Pages: 10
...I JUST CAN’T GET GOING WITHOUT MY MORNING COFFEE Effects of Caffeine Shilpa Jones Dr. Panter 03/27/2012 In today’s society, caffeine is a way of life and can be found in various shapes and forms. Though most people might not regard caffeine as a drug, it very much is. Around 90% of Americans swallow caffeine each day and at the amount of 300 milligrams. Caffeine is a white powder that is fairly soluble in liquid at a person’s body temperature. In the supermarket, many products up and down the aisle can be found that contain caffeine in some sort of form. Coffee, which usually contains the most, to the ever popular choice of soda are just some of the products that include the substance, caffeine. Not only can it be found in many regular products, but also in the form of over-the-counter medicines. Caffeine is prescribed for treatment of drowsiness and fatigue. As with all forms of it, caffeine is dangerous and has put a big burden on society today. People do not know its destructive affects and continue to abuse it unknowingly. The stimulant, caffeine has had an adverse effect on behavior in America and is simply going to get worse as time goes on. | 8oz | 12oz Can | per/oz | Caffeine in Coke Products | | | | Coke Classic | 23 mg | 34.5 mg | 2.875 mg | Coke Zero | 23 mg | 34.5 mg | 2.875 mg | Vanilla Coke | 23 mg | 34.5 mg | 2.875 mg | Diet Coke | 31 mg | 46.5 mg | 3.875 mg | Diet Vanilla Coke | 31 mg | 46.5 mg | 3.875 mg | | | ...
Words: 2117 - Pages: 9
...How Caffeine Affects the Body When we hear people talking about drug use, our minds will wander to common drugs such as Ecstasy, Marijuana, and Heroine. However, caffeine is said to be the most common drug in the world. An estimated 100 million people in the United States ingest caffeine every day, but most people are not aware that it is considered a drug. Generally, caffeine is classified as a stimulant. Stimulating the central nervous system is one of many effects caffeine has on the body’s metabolism. This stimulation can result in a person becoming more alert or more energetic. Typically, the amount of caffeine in two to four cups of coffee a day is not dangerous. However, caffeine in excessive amounts can make you anxious, restless, and irritable. It may also keep you from sleeping well and cause migraines, unusual heartbeats, or other problems. If a person chooses to stop caffeine use, they may experience severe symptoms of withdrawal. Caffeine in Foods and Beverages Caffeine isn’t exactly dangerous however the foods and beverages that contain it can be unhealthy. Foods like yogurt, ice cream, and various different kinds of candy bars have 1 to 85 mg of caffeine in each serving. Caffeine is associated with the family of heterocyclic compounds known as purines, and the drug can also be classified as an alkaloid. The chemical formula for caffeine is C8H10N4O2 . The molecular structure of caffeine With a molar mass of 194.19 grams per mole, this drug...
Words: 1153 - Pages: 5
...Caffeine, according to the National Sleep Foundation, is the most popular drug in the world and is a stimulant (Caffeine and Sleep). As a stimulant, caffeine is consumed by most people around the world upon waking up in the morning to jump start their day and is also consumed throughout the day by some mainly to maintain some form of alertness (Caffeine and Sleep). Caffeine is found in over 60 plants such as coffee beans and kola nuts (Caffeine and sleep) and people all over the world consume caffeine daily in its variable forms such as candy, coffee, tea, soda, chocolate, pills, etc. Taking about “three 8 oz. cups of coffee (250 mg. of caffeine per day) in moderation can increase alertness, cause insomnia, headaches, nervousness, dizziness, anxiety, irritability, heart palpitations, excessive urination, sleep disturbance and reduced fine motor coordination (Caffeine and sleep). Caffeine is said to have a...
Words: 950 - Pages: 4
...Does caffeine improve study? : An examination of alertness, sustained attention and working memory with and without caffeine Does caffeine provide benefits in studying? Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is classified as a mild stimulant and is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world today (Koppelstaetter et al., 2010). It is found in many plant-based foods but is most commonly ingested in the form of tea and coffee (Ruxton, 2008). Additionally caffeine is comprised as an active ingredient in cola, chocolate, health food products such as guarana tablets, energy bars and drinks, over the counter and prescription medications (Nawrot et al., 2003) and even recently in chips. Although there is considerable variation in caffeine concentration depending on method of preparation, a cup of coffee supplies approximately 100mg of caffeine while tea provides 50mg of caffeine on average (Julien et al., 2008). Of people who habitually consume caffeine, the daily average intake is 200 – 500mg, which is ingested in approximately 50 - 100mg doses across the course of a day (Brice & Smith, 2002). Once ingested caffeine is rapidly absorbed across the wall of the gastrointestinal tract with plasma concentration levels peaking 60 to 90 minutes after ingestion (Julien et al., 2008). The psychostimulant effects of caffeine (which include improved psychomotor and cognitive performance) have long been documented with a number of neurotransmitters...
Words: 1186 - Pages: 5
...Introduction: Nowadays, caffeine is well known as the most popular and widely consumed drug. We can find it from foods and drinks, even many medications contain this substance, it is pervasive in our daily lives. Caffeine is one kind of rapidly absorbed organic compound. It is classified as stimulant witch can increase alertness and energy levels for a short period of time (website). Caffeine can be used as pharmacologic substance as well, for example, it is ‘commonly used in the treatment of neurasthenia and for coma recovery’ [1]. Due to the closed relation between caffeine and health, we need to understand the positive and negative effects of caffeine, and then provide guidance on how to use it in a healthy way. The positive effects of caffeine Caffeine has beneficial functions on preventing or even curing some kinds of diseases. This advantage has been well testified on three fields: skin cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and liver disease. A US study has found that caffeine can decrease the risk of skin cancer [2]. They indicated that caffeine can boost the body’s natural progress, witch is called apoptosis or synchronised cell suicide. After consuming caffeine, apoptosis will increase 200 to 300 per cent. What’s more, caffeine can be linked to lower risk of non-melanoma skin cancer. Several earlier studies showed that caffeine can decrease the forming of cancerous cells, which may cause cancers. In addition to reduce the incidence of skin cancer, it has evidenced...
Words: 1425 - Pages: 6
...Caffeine is Beneficial to your Health Evelyn K. Polanco Calhoun Community College General Point: To Persuade Specific Goal: To prove caffeine can be beneficial when used properly. I. It is estimated that in North America between 80 and 90 % of adults and children habitually consume caffeine. However, 15% of the general population report having stopped caffeine uses citing concern about health and unpleasant side effects. II. For centuries the use of caffeine has been a subject of controversy. Many researchers have blamed caffeine for potential health harms. But is it true? Can caffeine have more negative effects on you rather than positive effects? III. I am here today to discuss why I think caffeine should be included in your everyday diet. I am going to tell you what exactly caffeine is, its negative effects, and the curative effects of caffeine and how it can improve your overall health. I. What is Caffeine? A. According to the University of Michigan Caffeine is possibly the most popular and widely used drug. 1. It is considered a drug because it stimulates the central nervous system. a. Stimulates the central nervous system, the brain and spinal cord. 2. Once the central nervous system is relax b. People may experience an increase in alertness, improvement in mood and a temporary boost of energy. II. What are the negative side effects of caffeine? A. Caffeine blocks adenosine a chemical that tells...
Words: 813 - Pages: 4
