...factors have distinct and definitive and effects on childhood development. These factors vary widely, and encompass social, economic and ecological areas, as well as the physical environment in which a child is raised, influenced by neighborhood location, home life and educational facilities. Lorraine Maxwell, associate professor of design and environmental analysis at Cornell University defines these environments as "settings where a person spends a great deal of time and establishes important relationships." (Ulrich 12) When combined, these factors directly and indirectly influence the physical and emotional development of children. Negative impacts of environment on early upbringing have been shown to affect many areas, including behavior and academic performance, social and emotional issues, as well as actual physical development of the brain. Urie Brofenbrenner defined this relationship between development and the environment in his "Proposition 1" which went on to say, "especially in its early phases, and to a great extent throughout the life course, human development takes place through processes of progressively more complex reciprocal interaction between an active, evolving biopsychological human organism and persons, objects, and symbols in its immediate environment." (Brofenbrenner 38). In this early work Brofenbrenner explains the ecological model of human development, and his Proposition 1 explains the importance of the environment in the process of early human development...
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...How the Environment Effects Learning COLL 100 APU How the Environment Effects Learning Everyone learns in different ways, therefore, everyone has a different learning style. Distinguishing between all different types of learning styles and learning environments can be detrimental to a person’s ability to learn. Once a person understands how the environment effects how they learn then accommodations can be made and effective learning can progress. Knowing what a learning environment is the first thing to understand. Learning Environment is defined as being the physical or virtual location in which learning takes place. That being said there can be many different types of learning environments. Classroom learning environment is the most popular in younger children and it falls upon the teacher to provide an effective learning environment. Home schooling learning environments is at a rise with many new home schooling programs available online. Making a home an effective learning environment will fall onto a child’s parent(s) or the student themselves depending on age. Knowing how these learning environments effect learning in general is crucial. Creating an effective learning environment is all up to the person in control of the environment. It’s important to create and manage an effective environment. Everything a teacher (or person in charge of the learning environment being used) does creates classroom management, including forming the venue, how...
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...University of Wisconsin. An earlier version of part of this paper appeared as part of Office of Population Research Working Paper No. 93-5, Princeton University, June 1993, which contains supplemental analyses and is available from the authors. We thank participants in seminars at the University of Maryland, the University of Michigan, Princeton University, the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and the 1993 meetings of the Population Association of America for their comments. Abstract The authors describe developmental deficits in early childhood associated with long-term poverty in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). They compare estimates of the effects of long-term poverty (based on a thirteen-year average of income) to estimates of the effects of poverty based on a single year of income (at the time of developmental assessment). They find substantial developmental deficits among children who, on average, are poor over a number of years relative to those who are not. These deficits are approximately twice as large according to the longterm income measure as compared to those based on the single-year measure, and are not explained by differences in maternal education, family structure, maternal behaviors during pregnancy, infant health, nutritional status, or age of...
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...Module 5 Assignment 1 Ecology and Environmental Sustainability Examining Your Community’s Source of Energy Each community has their own source energy that they get their power from. This type of power allows energy to be powered from their homes from solar panels then to win power. Each area is different depending on where you live, for example the power company that my family uses is Georgia power. This company has many different type of energy sources, that helps power not only my home, but many homes here in Georgia as well. Our power company produces 1100 megawatts of renewable energy as well as nuclear energy to help power our home. The main type of energy that they use for and energy source is solar energy. This is one of the most valuable types of energies around. In order to be able to use this energy, you first must use solar water heating system, so that it can absorb the suns energy. For it to do this, solar panels are placed on the roof of your home or apartment complex building, allowing it to get the power it needs to power your home. This method is more preferred to many people here in Georgia, to help get the energy they need into their homes. Hydropower is another form of energy that we use here as well. Hydropower is fuel by the water that fall from the dams. Once powered, the water is then released and begins to generate the power that is needed. The thing that makes this energy the most used energy to date is the...
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...Bottled Water report Autor: Marlon- Pavel End ID:12074541 Written on the 14 – 15. 2. 2013 Contents page 1. Introduction and Background Information Page 1 2. Demand & Supply Factors a. The economic crises Page 1 b. Weather- Global warming Page 2 c. Advertisement Page 3 d. The environment Page 4 3. Elasticity or inelasticity of demand and supply related to the factors above Page 5 4. competitive and pricing strategies e. water drunk at home Page 7 f. water drunk outside Page 7 5. Conclusion Page 7 6. References Page 9 Introduction and Background information This report was requested by my summer internship company and contains information about the current market situation of bottled water drunk in the home and bottled water drunk outside the home. The report will focus in these two markets, on supply and demand factors, concepts of elasticity of demand and of supply related to the factors and competitive and pricing strategies. The information given in the report are researched in databases, books, websites, internet articles and YouTube clips. Supply and demand factors in the markets. The economic crises The economic crises, started in 2008 caused a decrease in the PDI (Personal Disposable Income) which led to a decrease in general household spending (Kirkup, 2011) The bottled water market was affected by the economic...
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...Parental Involvement in Reading: Effect on Early Reading Achievement Reading achievement is one of the most important aspects in every young child’s life. Learning to read is of course anything but a race, but getting a good start is as vital in learning to read as it is in any race. Children who fall behind in school at an early age seldom catch up. Studies have found that children who were classified as poor readers at the end of first grade had an 88% chance of being poor readers at the end of fourth grade (Jenkins & Vadasy, 2000). Countless studies have been conducted to determine the effect of parental involvement on students reading achievement. Observations and interviews suggested that parental activity increased children’s reading skill acquisition or enthusiasm, which, resulted in success in reading. All results indicated that parental involvement in reading has a considerable impact on students reading achievement. The findings support that parental involvement plays a part in fostering children’s cognitive growth and academic success. Research done in this area has been quantitative in nature in that studies have looked at the relationship and/or the cause and effect of parental involvement and reading achievement. There has been little qualitative data collected in this particular area. Statement of the Problem The purpose of this qualitative study is to document the process and experiences of one parent-child pair where the child is in first grade...
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...Abstract Family setting and structure is playing a crucial role in strengthening or devastating student‟s academic performance. Family is the primary socializing agent which moulds the child in society. Therefore, the study was conducted to know the effects of family structure on academic performance of the students at elementary level in district Karak. The main Journal of Sociological Research ISSN 1948-5468 2012, Vol. 3, No.2 www.macrothink.org/jsr 235 objectives of the study were: (a) to explore the effects of family structure on the academic performance of the students at elementary level and (b) to suggest proper ways and means for the excellent academic performance of students at elementary level. All the students at elementary level in district Karak constituted the population of the study. In order to represent adequate sample, 30 students from each school were selected as a sample randomly. The study was delimited to the twelve male secondary schools. The study was further delimited to the students of class 08. The Study was descriptive in nature therefore the researchers decided to develop questionnaire for the collection of data. Pilot testing was conducted to know the weakness, misconceptions and ambiguities of the questionnaire. After the conduction of pilot testing, final version of the questionnaire was developed and prepared. The researchers personally visited to the respective sample and distributed questionnaires among the sample. In this way data was collected...
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...Running Head: EFFECTS OF TELECOMMUTING Social Effects of Telecommuting: How Society is Changing Abstract Telecommuting is a recent trend that allows individuals to perform their work from home, instead of making their presence at the office essential. The increase in telecommuting increases productivity, the opportunity to retain the needed skilled force, and the ability to be environmentally friendly. However, telecommuting does also negatively effect society since it threatens the collective nature of organized labor. Overall, the increase of telecommuting has impacted everyone’s life and not just the life of those who telecommute. Researchers have predicted that by 2020, 30% of the workforce will be only telecommuters. The workplace has been faced with a multitude of changes in the past couple of decades and most if not all of these changes are encouraged by the advancement in technology. These advancements have allowed individuals to be much more efficient. However, the influence of technology has invaded the offices all around the globe, which has affected the organization and the structure of the workplace. One of the best examples of how extensive use of technology has affected the workplace is telecommuting. Telecommuting is a recent trend that allows individuals to perform their work from home, instead of making their presence at the office essential. The actual definition of telecommuting is “work performed in allocation away from the central facilities...
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...negative short or long term effect on humans (especially the vulnerable like infants, elderly, people with poor immune systems, pregnant women), animals, plants and more. These externalities are living beings who have no role in decision making, production or involvement with the business procedures of AT&T. Some, humans, however, may use the services of AT&T. Problems AT&T creates through its business practices affect humans, however, whether they work for AT&T or not. AT&T has set a sustainability program in motion designed to stop or seriously diminish activities that burn fossil fuel. The company is leveraging its massive size believing that it can reduce negative environmental impacts by using network-delivered application and services. In other words, the plan is to replace activities that have a high environmental impact with low-carbon activities and thus reduce harm to countless living systems who are affected by the toxins in the air and the growing greenhouse effect that is contributing to climate change that affects everyone and everything. This is being done by new programs and systems being introduced into the company nationwide. Examples: 1. Relying more on telecommuting so rather than employees traveling to a once centralized information resource, the company building, employees, using broadband connections and collaborative software, can work from anywhere I believe the assumption is that they would work from home. AT&T says that more is...
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...The Effects of Nonparental Child Care Eric Mone SOC312 Professor Martha McFarland March 26, 2012 The biggest decision you can ever make as a working parent, the type of child care you will select for your child. The decision on whether to choose a child-care center, family day-care home, or in your own home with a nanny can be a stressful decision. Nonparental care has been a topic of debate that has been around for years. The debate can come from how the child is effected, socially, cognitively, psychological and emotionally, will there be a positive impact or will there be a negative impact on the child's life. There are three different types of childcare. Child-Care center, Family Day-Care Homes, and In-Home care takers which is more commonly known as a nanny. The home may be the child's own home, a relative's (grandparent, aunt, etc.)home, or the home of an unrelated person such as a babysitter or nanny. Home care can include the simultaneous care of many children from many families. Home care is referred to as family date care even though the family may not be the child's own family. A home child care center features one care provider who is always with your child. She might have an assistant, but for the most part the provider is the same day after day. This builds a routine for your child, making the day care process easier on everyone. In a center, the providers in a particular room change frequently, which can lead to inconsistency in the...
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...Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse effect? What does greenhouse effect really means? According to Turnbull (2006), greenhouse effect is “the warming of earth’s atmosphere as a result of harmful gases in the air” (p. 325). It could be devastating if we let it to continue developing in our earth. We can reduce its existence even at our very own home. The 3R’s of environment, save electricity and also reducing the emission of harmful gases can reduce the level of greenhouse effect from our own home. Firstly, saving electricity at home is one of the ways to decline the level of greenhouse effect. According to Chong (2007), approximately 72% of electricity contributes to greenhouse gases. Just by turning off lights or fan when they are not in use by any people can reduce the temperature hence, reducing the level of greenhouse effect. Plus, installing solar panels on the rooftop of our houses to heat up our home and water can be a very effective way to save the use of electricity. Generally, use less electricity at home will bring down the percentage of this effect to happen. Secondly, reduce the emission of harmful gases can help shrink greenhouse effect. To illustrate, households should exclude the option of disposing their rubbish through opening burning in the lawn because burning of rubbish will emit harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide. In addition, refrigerants in air-conditioners and refrigerator also help the growth of greenhouse effect as it releases...
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...cultural change which is being taught from home is relevant in this discuss. It is not out of place to imagine that parental socio–economic background can have possible effects on the academic achievement of children in school. Whatsoever affect the development environment of children would possibly affect their education or disposition to it. Parental status is one of such variables. When a woman's nutritional status improves, so too does the nutrition of her young children (Lisa et al, 2003). Rothestein has asserted as follows: "Parents of different occupation classes often have different styles of child rearing, different ways of disciplining their children and different ways of reacting to their children education needs. These differences do not express themselves consistently as expected in the case of every family; rather they influence the average tendencies of families for different occupational classes." (Rothestein, 2004). Socioeconomic status can be defined as a person’s overall social position to which attainments in both the social and economic domain contribute. (Ainley et al., 1995). When used in studies of secondary school students school achievement, it refers to the SES of the parents or family. Socio-economic status is determined by individual achievements in education; employment, occupational status; income and wealth. Several Parent may provide higher levels of psychological support for their children through environments that encourage the development of skills...
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...A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF HOME-ENVIRONMENT ON EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF HIGH STUDENTS INTRODUCTION:- Family environment seemingly has a significant bearing on pathogenesis in the family. Inspite of the various changes that have taken place in the pattern of Indian life in the recent decades, the family is still the most important and finally personality and cognitive development. It is the family that provides feeling of security meets through physical and psychological needs, guides and helps in times of problems and caters to all the wishes and whims of children. Not only this, family is also a source of affection, acceptance and companionship. According to Moos and Moos (1986) family environment consists of ten components i.e. confusion, expressiveness, conflict, independence, achievement –orientations intellectual-cultural orientation and active recreational-orientation, moral and religious emphasis, organisation and control. Various components of family environment have different effects on the development of children. Cohesion, expressiveness and intellectual-orientation are closely associated with young, children’s cognitive, social and emotional development. Good parenting requires more than intellect. It touches a dimension of personality that has been ignored in much of the advice dispensed to parents over the past 30 years. Good parenting involves emotions. In the last decade science has discovered a tremendous amount...
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...The Effects of Population Density and Noise Toni Kubitscheck University of Phoenix Environmental Psychology PSY/460 Cheryl Sanders December 07, 2011 The Effects of Population Density and Noise WHAT??? Speak up, there are so many people in here and it is so loud… In analyzing the effects that nose and population density have on the human race, it is not uncommon for people to be affected in many different and negative ways. However, there are a vast number of negative factors that affect individuals in either their work or home environments such as: noise, population changes, territoriality issues, privacy, and personal space issues just to name a few, there can be just as many positive impacts as well. As population becomes denser or increases it is only natural that noise pollution is going to increase too, and along with the increase in population and noise, concepts of trust, privacy and personal space issues increase. The effects of these issues become increasingly negative. However, there are factors within personal environments that increase positive impacts upon individuals, for instance in every city, county and state there are parks, nature trails, zoos, and other wonderful environments within bigger environments that people can utilize to counter balance the negative impacts. Concepts of territoriality, privacy, and personal space are all cognitive processes that portray ownership including; places, possessions, and even people. Therefore, with the growth...
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...perception of children to the world and, therefore, believing concerns of the child do not matter. There are numerous factors involved in the developing child such as family constellation, home environment, peer pressures, and societal stresses. “The family, school, community, and many other variables enhance or impede a child’s well-being.” (Henderson, 2011). An examination of the effect of environmental stressors on a child's health and wellbeing is provided. A glance at how cultural differences in parenting influence a child's developments is mentioned. Additionally, how secure attachment and problematic family relationships affect a child's wellbeing. Equally important are the factors contributing to attachment concerns during the child development, such as newly formed blended family. Effects of Environmental Stressors “Crime, corrupt public figures, a world full of tension, war, and the threat of terrorism that may strike anywhere at any time also create an environment of uncertainty and fear” (Henderson, 2011, p. 9). The family has the most impact on the development of children. As parents begin to understand the variables of environmental stressor influences have on children they can provide an environment where the children can thrive. Environmental stressors that can have an effect on children include family structure, stability, temperature, crowding, and noise. When children are exposed to extremely...
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