...Subsidizing the Arts There is always much debate when it comes to government intervention in every aspect of a nation. The “less is more” versus the “more is necessary” views oppose one another leading to no end. When it comes to opinions of government subsidizing the art, each side has its weaknesses intertwined with their valid points causing many to be on the fences neither agreeing nor disagreeing that there is an issue with government subsidizing the arts. In Arts Funding: A New Approach, David Rawcliffe explains that government subsidizing would be necessary because the art market is subject to market failure. He explains that an accomplished arts industry creates national pride, leaves a legacy for future generations, contributes to education, encourages tourism, and that artistic innovation benefits other artists which isn’t protected by intellectual property laws (Rawcliffe). This means that an effective art industry has positive long term effects on a nation’s economy and society as a whole. Government subsidy also makes it possible for all to gain the benefits of art especially the lower income individuals that would normally be able to afford to attend art events (Rawcliffe). Another reason that the government should subsidize art is because generally the public wants them to as shown by a survey commissioned by the Scottish Arts Council. The survey found that 82% of the Scottish public believe that central government is responsible for the support of art and culture...
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...and opportunity cost that the cities that house professional sports franchises must consider when deciding whether or not to publicly finance building or remodeling a new sports arena. It is those cost and benefits that we will be looking at through the rest of this paper. The benefits when considering subsidizing a franchise can be broken down into two categories: Economic Benefits and quality of life benefits. The economic benefits would include job creation, as the new venue would put many people back to work. From general labor to account executives, jobs would be created to account for the complete operation of running a successful franchise. The creation of jobs would not only be seen in the arena but the surrounding businesses as well such as hotel and restaurants that will need the additional personnel to accommodate the new influx of consumers. Because of the number of jobs created the influx of jobs creation the personal income of the community will increase. The city or region will receive tax revenue increases because of the increased spending of consumers in or around the stadium. (Wilhelm, 2008) There are a few quality of life benefits that come with subsidizing an arena, or stadium. The first is what economist call consumer surplus. The consumer surplus is the difference between what a fan of a sport or team is willing to pay to attend and what they have to pay. Being that the city and surrounding towns will be recognized nationally sometimes globally the city...
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...Minimum Wage Solutions Paper Labor Economics Minimum Wage Dilemmas There is a large push from the Democratic Party to increase the federal minimum wage. What effects could this have on American citizens? Minimum wage has been around for quite a while now, but what are its origins? What are the pros of having a minimum wage, what problems does it have potential to solve? What are the problems with having a minimum wage, and just how much do they affect the U.S. economy? What are potential alternative solutions to raising the federal minimum wage? Many different viewpoints and ideas will be discussed below, but it is difficult to fully grasp how far reaching the effects of minimum wage. The purpose for a baseline wage was set to help poverty stricken workers a fair wage for their cost of living. In June 25, 1938 President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the “Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938,” which aimed to ban child labor, set maximum work weeks at 44 hours, and set minimum hourly wage at 25 cents. Roosevelt felt child labor, undercutting wages, and stretching out hours of the lowest paid workers during times of recession had a big effect on buying power even though this act affected one-fifth of the United States population at the time. Roosevelt realized a population without buying power is more than just an ethical problem but an economic one as well (U.S. Labor Department). The father of modern economics Adam Smith once stated, “But what improves the circumstances...
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...THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN EDUCATION (Milton Friedman) Economics and the Public Interest ^ | 1955 | Milton Friedman Posted on 7/17/2004 4:04:55 PM by Remember_Salamis THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN EDUCATION by Milton Friedman The general trend in our times toward increasing intervention by the state in economic affairs has led to a concentration of attention and dispute on the areas where new intervention is proposed and to an acceptance of whatever intervention has so far occurred as natural and unchangeable. The current pause, perhaps reversal, in the trend toward collectivism offers an opportunity to re-examine the existing activities of government and to make a fresh assessment of the activities that are and those that are not justified. This paper attempts such a re-examination for education. Education is today largely paid for and almost entirely administered by governmental bodies or non-profit institutions. This situation has developed gradually and is now taken so much for granted that little explicit attention is any longer directed to the reasons for the special treatment of education even in countries that are predominantly free enterprise in organization and philosophy. The result has been an indiscriminate extension of governmental responsibility. The role assigned to government in any particular field depends, of course, on the principles accepted for the organization of society in general. In what follows, I shall assume a society that takes freedom of the...
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...The ability to improve academic performance by simply changing the nutritional value of school lunches has sparked an increased interest in providing free meals for all students as New York City has motioned to do. In the city, approximately 75% of students had already qualified for free or reduced meals leaving the majority of food expenses to fall on struggling communities (Piccoli, Sean). Other major cities such as Boston, Chicago, and Detroit have begun subsidizing more of the school lunch programs and entertaining the idea of providing it entirely free of cost (Piccoli, Sean). By utilizing a federal program that enables school districts whose students reach a certain economic threshold the ability to subsidize the entire district as New York City elected to do. The long term stigmas associated with receiving government assistance prompted many students and families...
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...TERM PAPER ABOUT POVERTY I. INTRODUCTION : One of the major problems that continue to plaque the Philippines is poverty. Despite the said efforts of both government and business firms many Filipinos remain in need. It is not a simple problem because nowadays we are facing mass poverty. For all the magnificent testimonies to man’s superior skill and intellect in producing today’s level of cultural development, he still has to find the solution to mass poverty. Whether the government would admit it or not, it is very clear even with our bare eyes that we our suffering a lot from poverty. But what is poverty anyway? Let first define poverty so we can have a clear understanding with what are we going to discuss. From a Webster dictionary, poverty means ‘lack of money or material possessions’. While from the book of Villegas entitled ‘Guide to Economics for Filipinos’ he stated that poverty or being poor means ‘experiencing a low quality of life deprived of both the material and non material requirements that allow an individual to live like a human being’. According to ‘Addison Wesley Economics’ by Richard M. Hodgetts’ said most of people regard poverty as ‘a condition in which people are unable to buy the minimal amount of food, clothing and shelter that is required for existence’. Over all there are a lot of ways to define poverty, it depends on how the person thinks or how does the person relate it to his life personal experiences. Obviously there are a lot more economic...
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...Have you ever wonder how is it to be a girl with no privileges whatsoever! When a girl goes to school she except a full education and an equal educational opportunity, with a teacher that will support her and will not limit her ability considering that she’s a girl. Educating the females is the enormous strategy that will make the change to get the gender equality back on track. According to the UNICEF, “31 million girls, are out of school and two thirds of illiterate adults are women.” Education is one of the most importance human right, everybody has the right for receiving an education In view of the fact that it will impact their lives and their future, also in achieving their human rights. Yet, the majority of people think women...
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...INTRODUCTION: Globally, there is increasing demand for higher education, especially from the youth population of developing countries, as it is viewed as an important pathway for greater social mobility (Devesh, 2008). According to the World Trade Organization (WTO 2010), private returns from higher education are high for both developed and developing countries. In developing countries, the wage differential between a secondary school leaver and a university graduate is estimated to be as high as 200%. Besides the wage premium, rapidly changing technology in a globalized world is also demanding new and changing competencies that require life-long learning skills, for which mature students often have to go back to college for re-training and re-skilling. Malaysia is one of the most subsidized nations in the world. Its total subsidy of RM74 billion in 2009 is equivalent to RM12,900 per household or 4.6 per cent of GDP even higher than Indonesia (2.7 per cent) & Philippines (0.2 per cent). Out of the numbers, RM 30.8 billion goes to Primary, secondary, higher education and scholarships. Higher education in Malaysia is divided into 2 sectors; public and non-public sector, there are about 20 universities and 6 university colleges (the term “university college” is used to for those tertiary level education institutions that are able to confer their own degrees but have not achieved university status). In the non-public sector there are 559 institutions of varying types including:...
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...aroused discontent of citizens. Thirdly, some immature teens abuse animals just for fun. It seems to be a trend recently that record the process of abusing animals and then put the clip on YouTube, and gaining the sense of pride by accumulating the clicks. To make it clear, before searching the solution of relieving the animal abuse problem, we need to set up criteria to determine if the solution is feasible. First is to control the animal population and second is to educate people respecting animals more. To summarize the points, there are three main solutions suggested by general public. First is to aggravate the punishment of the existing ordinance about preventing animals from cruelty. The second one is carrying out public education,...
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...reaching record high levels. The inequality in income distribution is an important social problem that cannot be ignored. I’m interested in learning more about whether education level influences this increasing inequality. According to Piketty et al. (2016), the top 1% started making a greater share of the total income than the bottom 50% in 1995. This trend continues to diverge, and as of 2014, the bottom 50% held only a 12.5% share of the national income, while the top 1% of people owned over 20%...
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...Health care reform in the United states In the United States, the debate regarding healthcare reform includes questions of a right to health care, access, fairness, sustainability, quality and amounts spent by government. The mixed public-private health care system in the United States is the most expensive in the world, with health care costing more per person than in any other nation, and a greater portion of gross domestic product (GDP) is spent on it than in any other United Nations member state except for East Timor (Timor-Leste).[2] A study of international health care spending levels in the year 2000, published in the health policy journal Health Affairs, found that while the U.S. spends more on health care than other countries in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the use of health care services in the U.S. is below the OECD median by most measures. The authors of the study concluded that the prices paid for health care services are much higher in the U.S.[3] In spite of the amount spent on health care in the U.S., according to a 2008 Commonwealth Fund report, the United States ranks last in the quality of health care among developed countries.[4] The World Health Organization (WHO), in 2000, ranked the US health care system 37th in overall performance and 72nd by overall level of health (among 191 member nations included in the study).[5][6] International comparisons that could lead to conclusions about the quality of the health care...
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...obese which puts them at risk for any number of health problems. Diabetes, joint and bone problems, and heart disease or stroke are just some of the health problems affecting the nation’s young people. “70% of obese youth had at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease” (CDC, 2013, Health Effects of Childhood Obesity)....
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...United States Deficit, Surplus, and Debt ECO/372 United States Deficit, Surplus, and Debt In the United States, the deficit, surplus, and debt of the nation have an effect on many aspects of the nation’s economy. Taxpayers carry heavy burdens, both today and in the future, to support the economy as it recovers from a recession. Future Social Security and Medicare users face uncertainty and possible poverty as current negative cash-flow eats away at the integrity of future Social Security and Medicare. The effects of a high unemployment rate create a ripple effect that certainly will reach into the economy of coming years. Gross Domestic Product is affected as international trade and deficit fluctuate with the country’s interest rates, inflation, and dollar buying power. Even University of Phoenix students see the effect of these economic aspects in their tuition. Although these are not the only issues of concern in the current economy, these serious issues are affected by the deficit, surplus, and debt of the nation. According to experts, the taxpayers eventually will pay the costs of today’s deficit tomorrow. To finance last year’s trade gap, Americans had to borrow $503 billion in international markets. Foreigners will buy billions of dollars’ worth of United States corporate mortgages, and government bonds. They lend Americans the money needed to import more from the rest of the world (Ackerman, 2004). The additional expense is the burden of the American taxpayer. Meanwhile...
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...Through numerous historical and contemporary examples, Friedman lays out his arguments for the advancement of economic freedom and the decentralizing of government in his work Capitalism and Freedom. He holds fast to his strong belief that any increase in “big government power” has a negative effect on society. As a liberal, he believes that as many decisions as possible would be best kept at the local level. According to Friedman, this is not only a matter of efficiency, it is fundamental to our freedoms, "If government is to exercise power, better in the county than in the state, better in the state than in Washington. If I do not like what my local community does, be it in sewage disposal, or zoning, or schools, I can move to another local community. If I do not like that my state does, I can move to another. If I do not like what Washington imposes, I have few alternatives in this world of jealous nations." Friedman explains that the Constitution was written because the founders knew from thousands of years of human history that...
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...However, I strongly disagree with them when they state that there is now greater access for any American to advance to higher education. I would accept that this is the case for a subset of Americans: those who are either wealthy, extremely talented, or have parents or guardians who are educated. Growing up in Overland Park, I experienced this trend first-hand. Long before graduation, students began to be asked by family, teachers, and friends which university they planned on attending in the coming fall. I would presume that at least 90% of my graduating class went on to pursue higher education, leaving those who forwent college to be viewed as unordinary. Personally, I am guilty of this; when my friend told me that he planned on attending Park Ranger Training School, I was shocked. In Overland Park the only logical option in the mind of most high school graduates is to attend college. In other parts of the Kansas City metropolitan area, however, this college-culture has never and will never exist. Becker and Murphy seem to suggest that everyone has an increased opportunity to attend college, but, for those in the lower class, the opportunities are still so slim that it is unlikely they will be able to obtain an education. Investing in one’s human capital is...
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