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The Elephant Man

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The Elephant Man
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English 225 Introduction To Film
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The film “The Elephant Man” is an iconic and powerful humanistic filmmaking endeavor. Director David Lynch forces the horrors and sadness of deformity onto the audience in a way that leaves the viewer tear choked with sadness and sympathy. Most people who watch the film are touched in a way that alters their view of the crippled, weak, and deformed persons of the world. The creation of the film begins with Joseph Merrick’s incredible story being written into a play by Bernard Pomerance in 1979. This play is still performed from time to time. Lynch’s film version was released the following year, but was not derived from the play but did give Lynch his inspiration. Lynch based his film version of Merrick’s life on various biographical sources most of which were Merrick’s own words in his memoirs. The script, written by Lynch, contains information based upon Merrick’s memoirs and biography, as well as from Frederick Treves’ personal accounts. As far as historical accuracy is concerned, certain details have been altered to make the story suitable for film. For example, Merrick is referred to incorrectly as “John“. This inaccuracy is however, a perpetuation of the error that was made in history according to Frederick Treves’ account of the story. Lynch in an effort to maintain realism botches the name purposely but fails to make this understandable to the viewer. This is however not an error in writing or research but is exemplary of bad film. But beyond this mistake, many elements within the film are based in history. The way Merrick dressed, wearing a hood and cloak when he travelled, his deep love for his mother, and his cardboard construction of a cathedral. The final scene of the film lacks credibility since no one was with Merrick when he died. Lynch divines a hypothetical death in which Merrick lies down like a normal person, which because of his abnormalities, causes his death. Merrick was found lying down in this manner when he was discovered the next day. Because of the peaceful state of his body it is supposed that he chose his death in this manner. Although the scene lacks evidence, Lynch stays true to at least what is known and believed. Lynch also gives a final grace and dignity to the character of John Merrick which allows the film to end in a way that is touchingly appropriate.

As Merrick’s “proprietor,“ Freddie Jones plays a ruthless menace and desperate part of man his greedy and delights in the suffering and controlling of those weaker than himself. Michael Elphick plays a horrible night porter who orchestrates an excruciating scene of humiliation in Merrick’s hospital room in which Merrick is put on display naked before paying onlookers. Anne Bancroft as Treves’ wife, provides the needed compassion as she shows Merrick kindness in the face of a lifetime of women screaming at his physical ugliness. The supporting cast deliver spot on performance that give validity and weight to the plot.

Today, “The Elephant Man” remains a highly-acclaimed film and emotional masterpiece. Expertly directed, written, and performed, with an old style cinematography and classical music, the film can be seen as a return to the days of black white film. The emphasis on character and acting skill was an original move by Lynch during a time when special effects and color were taking the lead in cinematography. In fact when one views the movie he or she comes away with the idea that it could not have been filmed any other way. Too intrinsic to the plot becomes the camera by virtue of its enhancement of setting. Perhaps the most challenging and famous dialogue is the scene when Merrick the tragic hero demands that everyone acknowledge that he is human. In the famous subway scene, Merrick is chased by crowds of people, viewing him as a freak. He utters in anguish, “I am not an elephant! I am not an animal! I am a human being! I...am...a man!” (Lynch, 1980) The working class is stunned and step back as he falls in exhaustion and sickness. It is a scene that lives on in the minds of viewers and it is the culmination of Lynch’s humanistic endeavor to make the audience realize that the deformed, the hurt, the ugly, and the forgotten; are still human beings and still deserving of respect.

References
Clark, R. (2007-03-02), "The Elephant Man", The Independent
Ebert, R. (1980, January 1). The elephant man . Retrieved from http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19800101/REVIEWS/101031 3/1023
Lynch, D. (1980). The elephant man. Retrieved from Movie

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