...* The author of the Article is Kenneth B. Scott. * The Article title is A Single Police Force for Scotland: The Legislative Framework (1). * The Journal Title is Policing a Journal of Policy and Practice Volume 7. * The publication date is June 2013. * Issue 2. * Page numbers 135-141. * The content of the Article is focused on the introduction of The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 and how the provisions of the Act may impact upon four key areas of policing which are the nature of policing, governance, local policing and police accountability. The Article briefly touches upon the history of the evolution of legislative police reform since 1962 and how the values and role of the police have been modernised with the introduction of the Act with a particular emphasis on human rights. The author draws the reader to the observation that the Act will emphasise that the police are a provider of public services, not just a law enforcement agency. Highlighting potential conflict between police commanders, local authorities in terms of local performance accountability and broader governmental targets known as ‘single outcome agreements’, the Article does not offer a resolution merely that conflict is very possible. The author introduces the reader to the transformation of independent police accountability mechanisms in Scotland and how this more aligns to the current arrangements in England and Wales. The author suggests that the role of the Police Investigations...
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...We don’t learn from History, we repeat it? By dhara on November 17, 2010 in Articles I think its agreeable that if we don’t learn from history we would repeat it again.For example: If a person like Hitler borns back then now we will not ignore his acts may be we will take persistent actions to get rid off from him and his actions. History is proof that has examples of people repeating the mistakes of the past. Many of those mistakes are being repeated in the world today. This “law” is true whether it be on an international level, or a personal one. This is one of the things which is annoyable when said “We must let the kids learn from their own mistakes”. Bull. If you love your children, you will hope to teach them to avoid that which is harmful to them by trying to let them learn from YOUR mistakes. Learning by one’s own mistake can often be too late, and you can be too dead to learn anything from it. Insanity is repeating the same mistakes of the past and expecting a different outcome. But—— What if Orville and Wilbur Wright had paid attention to the history of attempts at flight? Would you be using the Internet if Gordon Moore had spent more time building a computer “the historically correct way” rather than designing the ridiculously tiny processor he developed? How many of you would prefer the good old days of medicine to what we have now? With all of the History majors the colleges crank out you would think that there wouldn’t be any more war, crime, or poverty...
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...Technology Brandi Harbin HIS 204 American History Since 1865 Max Fassnacht August 20, 2012 American Technology: Physical and Intellectual Isolation's End The era of the 1860s through the 20th century was full of political drama, warfare, violence surrounding civil rights and economic problems. Despite all of these pitfalls, America still had times of prosperity and hope. One of the areas in which the United States of America saw evolution and growth, despite all the socio-economic/socio-cultural issues, post-war wake, and man's inhumanity to man, was in the sphere of technology. Technology propelled the nation through these tumultuous times, and the ripples from this century and a half of America's history are still felt strongly today in the American market. The government's involvement in researching alternative methods of power has had a positive effect on the environment and, with time, the U.S. will increase its influence around the world. In addition to the political influences of technology, the commercial economy has also been enhanced through the research of various innovations, and individual families have been affected by advancements in healthcare, which is heavily dependent on the latest high-end machinery. Without a doubt, technological innovation is the cornerstone of the foundation which supports America's end of physical and intellectual isolation and the country's continuing involvement with technological evolution. Because finances and human resources...
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...Abstract The history of convoy security necessitated design through ingenuity throughout history. By applying initiative and ingenuity, Leaders developed concepts, tactics and vehicle designs to protect their supplies moving throughout their area of operations. This produced innovations from the effective hybrid vehicles developed and used in Vietnam to the common use security platforms used in today’s modern Army. Further dialogue will ensure future doctrine should include funding and discussion. Forgetting the lessons learned, with the lives of Soldiers at stake, would be unconscionable. 3 3 The History of United States Army Convoy Security United States (US) Army doctrine has addressed convoy security since the mid 1800’s. The debate over convoy security operations as a hazardous undertaking of war has been a challenging topic throughout US Army history. The first published discussion of convoy operations described challenges that 19th century convoy commanders had to deal with. To conduct a convoy in safety through an enemy’s territory, where it is exposed to attacks either of regular, or of partisan troops, is one of the most hazardous operations of war; owing to the ease with which a very inferior force may take the escort at disadvantage in defiles (Mahan, 1861, p. 155). The US Army has a history of convoy experience. Most early instances relate to the Indian campaigns conducted prior to and after the Civil War. The American Indian had a completely...
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...Amazon’s business strategy and revenue model: A history and 2014 update I’ve used Amazon as a case study in my books for over 10 years now since I think all types of businesses can learn from their digital business strategy. From startups and small businesses to large international businesses, their focus on the customer, testing market opportunities made available by digital technology and their focus on testing and analysis to improve results. I aim to keep this case study up-to-date for readers of the books and Smart Insights readers who may be interested. In it we look at Amazon’s background, revenue model and sources for the latest business results. We can also learn from their approach to digital marketing since they use digital marketing efficiently across all customer communications touchpoints in our RACE marketing planning framework: * Reach: Amazon’s initial business growth based on detailed approach to SEO and AdWords targeting millions of keywords. * Act: Creating a clear simple experiences through testing and learning. * Convert: Using personalisation to make relevant recommendations and a clear checkout process that many now imitate. * Engage: Their focus on customer experience, “Customer Obsession” as they call it is shown by the way they consistently outperform other retailers in their ACSI customer satisfaction rating too. We have our own internal experimentation platform called “Weblab” that we use to evaluate improvements Experiments and...
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...Running head: The Charleston Fire The Charleston Fire Gary Scott Ard Columbia Southern University MSE 5201-10A-4A12-S1 Professor Donald Adams Running head: The Charleston Fire Abstract On June 18th, 2007 nine firefighters died in the line of duty fighting a fire at the Sofa Super Store. The way of life for firefighters in Charleston, SC was thus changed forever. The history and mindset of the department would change forever following the tragic event. This event would change the department’s way of doing business forever. The Charleston Fire Department (CFD) was established as a full time service in 1882. The department possesses sixteen engines and three ladder trucks. A large scale department with modern equipment yet stuck in an ancient time when it came to performing firefighting objectives. There had always been a ideology that a firefighter who wasn’t rushing into any situation without concern for many safety related issues was not a good firefighter. It was the mindset of many employees that rushing in and putting out of a fire was all they needed to worry about-this was a deadly mindset passed down through ranks by leadership and the Chief. This was a very outdated way of thinking in the fire service, unfortunately Charleston had fell behind the times and refused to progress as time moved forward. The departments’ philosophy was one of interdependency and did not feel the need to look beyond their own doors for anything. Charleston felt...
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...Running head: The Charleston Fire The Charleston Fire Gary Scott Ard Columbia Southern University MSE 5201-10A-4A12-S1 Professor Donald Adams Running head: The Charleston Fire Abstract On June 18th, 2007 nine firefighters died in the line of duty fighting a fire at the Sofa Super Store. The way of life for firefighters in Charleston, SC was thus changed forever. The history and mindset of the department would change forever following the tragic event. This event would change the department’s way of doing business forever. The Charleston Fire Department (CFD) was established as a full time service in 1882. The department possesses sixteen engines and three ladder trucks. A large scale department with modern equipment yet stuck in an ancient time when it came to performing firefighting objectives. There had always been a ideology that a firefighter who wasn’t rushing into any situation without concern for many safety related issues was not a good firefighter. It was the mindset of many employees that rushing in and putting out of a fire was all they needed to worry about-this was a deadly mindset passed down through ranks by leadership and the Chief. This was a very outdated way of thinking in the fire service, unfortunately Charleston had fell behind the times and refused to progress as time moved forward. The departments’ philosophy was one of interdependency and did not feel the need to look beyond their own doors for anything. Charleston felt as though they...
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...Amazon E-Commerce Joel Christensen DeVry University Author Note This research is being submitted on February 16, 2014, for Professor Sharon Carnes N505 Essentials of Telecom Abstract The author analyzes Amazon.com and its role in the e-commerce world. He begins with a brief overview of the history of the Amazon.com start up followed by the current information of the company. The second section describes the characteristics of the company as it is today. The third section discusses three strategies that Amazon currently practices. The fourth section contains a look at the weaknesses and growth opportunities that are facing Amazon.com. The fifth section is an analysis of the company’s telecommunications structure and some of the unique offerings that Amazon has as a result of their creative initiative in the telecommunication field. Finally, the author provides some recommendations for the Amazon.com company and the CEO from the perspective of a consumer and someone in the technology field. Table of Contents Introduction 4 History of the Company 4 Characteristics of Amazon 5 Current Strategies 6 Weaknesses and Growth Opportunities 7 Telecommunication Analysis 9 Recommendation 11 Conclusion 12 References 13 Amazon.com is one of the leading e-commerce websites in the United States today. I personally know of several families who use Amazon not only for their music and entertainment, but also to complete the majority of their family grocery shopping...
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...System Evolution Celia A Langlinais HCI/500 Week 3 05/14/2012 Systems Evolution Health Management Organizations (HMO) is a prepaid health care coverage. In an HMO health care coverage plan, the patient picks primary care physicians (PCP) who takes complete care of the patients’ medical needs. This PCP has a contract with HMO and has to follow HMO regulations. In some cases, which the PCP is not qualified to treat a specific medical problem, so the patient is referred to a specialist. This type of coverage was started in Two Harbors, Minnesota. A railroad company had two doctors who retired and left them without any health care service. This prompted the community to buy the hospital from the railroad and create the Community Health Association in 1944. This became the model for today’s HMOs but this is not the first of its kind. In the history of health care there have been programs similar to the HMO coverage, which helped mold the HMOs of today. The first example of an HMO was seen in 1910 in Tacoma, Washington. A timber mill and their employees paid a premium each month for certain medical services. In 1929 Ross-Loos Medical Group offered medical services to the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power and Los Angeles employees for a premium every month. This prompted the fire and police departments to enroll within the year. In 1982 as Ross-Loos Medical Group continued to grow, they merged with the Insurance Company of North...
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...centralized. The defense was improve and great was expanded and Buddhism was spread. When Yangdi took over the throne he didn’t seek to gain support from nomads. He restored Confucian education and examination system of bureaucrats. Yangdi lost support of nomads by supporting educational forms. Yangdi start expensive construction work. Yangdi luxury expense lost him public support and he was assassinated by his minister, but the biggest factor that led to the down fall was invadation of Goguryeo. Li Yuan took advantage of the situation and declared a new foundation dynasty known as Tang. The Tang dynasty started from 618 and ended 907 it was founded by Li family who gain power during the collapse of Sui Dynasty. According to Chinese history records The Tang dynasty was the greatest historic period in China. During this time period the economy, politics, culture and military strength reached an unparalleled advanced level. Tang dynasty experience a wonder of change in China culture by modern feel that era represents the apogee of Chinese creativity poetry n sculpture. The explosion of this culture was influence by Buddhism, which affected art, Literature, philosophy, and as well as religion and politics. Finally it came to an end when the border troubles with northens nomadic people called the...
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...Heather Jones Contemporary Political Thought Dr. Pickell November 24, 2015 Karl Heinrich Marx Throughout history many ideologies have been created and many philosophers have explained their thoughts and ideas. It has been over a century since Marx’s death, but he still remains to be one of the most highly influential figures (Prychitko). Karl Marx was not known as a 19th century philosopher, yet he was known as a German journalist, revolutionary socialist, and revolutionary communist. Not only did he discuss political and social issues, but he also inquired about history. Karl Marx was born to Heinrich and Henrietta Marx in Trier, on May 5, 1818 and was one of nine siblings. According to Ball, Dagger, and O’Neill, his father Heinrich was a Jewish, wealthy lawyer in Trier, but was forced to convert to Christianity because the government did not allow Jews to practice law. He was privately educated prior to going to college, and because Marx’s family was wealthy, he went to study law at the University of Bonn. There his grades began to deteriorate because he dedicated himself to his friends, alcohol, and trouble instead of his studies. As a consequence, his father made him relocate to University of Berlin, and while studying philosophy and pursuing law here he was introduced to the ideas Hegel and Feuerbach. In 1941, Marx graduated with a doctorate in Philosophy, but later turned to journalism because with his radical way of thinking he was unable to find an academic...
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...Abstract This paper explores the origin of wire services, major new agencies providing those services, and the evolution of the service over its history. Wire services are necessary for the facilitation of news internationally. The methods of providing news from a wire service, or news agency, to other newspaper, periodical, radio, television, or other communication outlet has evolved throughout history. This paper explores the humble beginnings of wire services and highlights several of the major wire service providers, including Reuters, The Associated Press (AP), United Press International, Agence France Presse (AFP), and Bloomberg. The Evolution of Wire Services: Then and Now Wire services are integral components of international communication. Also referred to as a news agency, a wire service is an organization “that sends out syndicated news copy to subscribers by wire or by satellite transmission (Mish, 1997).” With origins dating back to the early 1850s (McPhail, 2010), wire services have not always conducted communication transfers with advanced technology like satellite transmissions. From telegraphy to teleprinters to radio, the process of getting news from a wire service to its dependent news and other providers has evolved substantially throughout the years. The conception and continued modernization of wire services can be attributed to various agency titans, including Reuters, The Associated Press (AP), United Press International, Agence France Presse (AFP)...
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...land transportation in existence and value to show and document our heritage thru the evolution of land transportation in the Philippines. THE PURPOSE: There are a lot of cars and other vehicles of value and a few have already been restored by some club members of the Vintage Car Club of the Philippines Such as the V-16 Cadillac Limousine of Gen. Douglas MacArthur, the Packard Limousine of president Jose P. Laurel Sr. and lately the Chrysler Zypher, bullet proof car of president Manuel L. Quezon. These cars, all part of our transportation history, are kept in different place in our country. These priceless cars need a permanent home, where it can be shown to public at the same time, be a tourist attraction which would contribute immensely to the Tourist industry. THE SITE: The site shown in the last two pages is located at the Manila-Cavite coastal road, very close to the site of the sport complex and almost in front of the Asian Development Bank Building. The lot has an area of approximately 30,000 SM. The proposed area has a relatively flat terrain which slopes towards the 30,00 M. wide Estero which is adjacent to the Manila Bay. THE REQUIRED DRAWINGS: On the tracing paper, draw all required illustrations of the following: 1. Master plan, scale 1 : 500 meters a. Based on the building to the surrounding area, roadway, parking, Landscaping and land uses, including the support and services facilities - 2. Floor plans of the museum building, scale 1 : 100 meters Based on...
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...Leadership Under Severe Stress in Fire Services Contents Introduction 1 Leadership 1 What is Leadership? 1 Theories of Leadership 2 1. Great Man Theory 2 2. Behavioral Theory 2 3. Participative Theory 2 4. Situational Leadership 2 5. Contingency Theory 2 6. Transactional Leadership 2 7. Transformational Leadership 2 Directive Leadership Theory 3 Supportive Leadership Theory 3 Situational Leadership Theory 3 Transformational Leadership Theory 3 Leadership in Fire Service 4 Who is an effective Leader? 5 Situational Leadership 6 Leadership under severe stress 6 What is Stress? 6 Acute stress 6 Episodic acute stress 6 Chronic stress 6 Kinds of situations in a fire service 6 Leadership under severe situations 7 Leadership Failure 7 Conclusion 7 Introduction Fire service is an organized body of people developed to rescue and help people in case of fire emergencies. A fire service, also known as fire brigade, acts as a savior of people’s lives and property. It includes fire fighters and volunteers as staff. Fire service department works both on public and private grounds. Saving lives is the main objective of this department. Firefighter also help people in situations other than emergency by giving them precautionary advice, setting fire alarms and adequate training in severe situation. All the work done by fire department runs on specific decision guidelines. In a decision guideline a firefighter is taught...
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... in this sense, has not changed since. Teck-Heang Lee observed that “auditing serves as a mechanism to monitor conduct and performance, and to secure and enforce accountability (Lee 2008). All in all, an audit function plays a crucial role in maintain welfare and stability in society.” However, what has changed is how the roles and responsibilities of auditors have changed to reflect the needs of the business environment of the time. As such, auditors and the auditing profession have always played a very important role in business and, more recently, in society in general. As business in today’s world becomes more dynamic, accounting (and therefore by extension auditing) must also evolve to become more dynamic. The evolution of auditing is a complicated history that has always been changing through historical events. This can be seen in the shift in the role of external auditors from a cyclical audit approach to now more of a top-down risk-based continuous audit. The factors that have played a major role in this shift of role and responsibilities are the cycle of fraud, regulation, and compliance; and also the rise and importance of technology in the Information Age we currently live in. The combination of these two factors has had a profound impact on the auditing profession and has helped solidify its place in society as serving the public interest. This...
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