...Changes of Fashion in the World Fashion is a general term for a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, body piercing, or furniture. Fashion refers to a distinctive and often habitual trend in the style with which a person dresses, as well as to prevailing styles in behavior. Fashion also refers to the newest creations of textile designers (Fashion). The more technical term, costume, has become so linked to the term "fashion" that the use of the former has been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while "fashion" means clothing more generally and the study of it. Although aspects of fashion can be feminine or masculine, some trends are androgynous (Bruzzi 2012), (Cumming 2004) The fashion industry is a product of the modern age. Prior to the mid-19th century, most clothing was custom made. It was handmade for individuals, either as home production or on order from dressmakers and tailors. By the beginning of the 20th century with the rise of new technologies such as the sewing machine, the rise of global capitalism and the development of the factory system of production, and the proliferation of retail outlets such as department stores clothing had increasingly come to be mass-produced in standard sizes and sold at fixed prices. Although the fashion industry developed first in Europe and America, today it is an international and highly globalized industry, with clothing often designed in one country, manufactured...
Words: 2088 - Pages: 9
...(insert subject for PEST analysis - market, business, proposition, etc.) | political ecological/environmental issues current legislation home market future legislation international legislation regulatory bodies and processes government policies government term and change trading policies funding, grants and initiatives home market lobbying/pressure groups international pressure groups wars and conflicts | economic home economy situation home economy trends overseas economies and trends general taxation issues taxation specific to product/services seasonality/weather issues market and trade cycles specific industry factors market routes and distribution trends customer/end-user drivers interest and exchange rates international trade/monetary issues | social lifestyle trends demographics consumer attitudes and opinions media views law changes affecting social factors brand, company, technology image consumer buying patterns fashion and role models major events and influences buying access and trends ethnic/religious factors advertising and publicity ethical issues | technological competing technology development research funding associated/dependent technologies replacement technology/solutions maturity of technology manufacturing maturity and capacity information and communications consumer buying mechanisms/technology ...
Words: 2521 - Pages: 11
...Fashion is a general term for a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, body piercing or furniture. "Fashion" refers to a distinctive; however, often-habitual trend in a look and dress up of a person, as well as to prevailing styles in behavior. "Fashion" usually is the newest creations made by designers and are bought by only a few number of people; however, often those "fashions" are translated into more established trends. The more technical term, "costume," has become so linked in the public eye with the term "fashion" that the more general term "costume" has in popular use mostly been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while the term "fashion" means clothing generally, and the study of it. For a broad cross-cultural look at clothing and its place in society, refer to the entries for clothing, costume, and fabrics. Although fashion can be geared towards being feminine or masculine, some fashion trends are androgynous Fashion Industry The fashion industry is a product of the modern age. Prior to the mid-19th century, most clothing was custom made. It was handmade for individuals, either as home production or on order from dressmakers and tailors. By the beginning of the 20th century—with the rise of new technologies such as the sewing machine, the rise of global capitalism and the development of the factory system of production, and the proliferation of retail outlets such as department stores—clothing...
Words: 493 - Pages: 2
...Dress Homes TABLE OF CONTENTS S.No. 1. Contents Competitors’ Background - Bareeze Home Expressions IKEA Pakistan alKaram Studio ChenOne Ideas Habitt Junxion Zubaida’s homestore 2. 3. 4. Marketing Audit - Tagline Comparison - USP Comparison - Website Comparison Action Plan (8-Step Plan) - Step 1: USP - Step 2: Vision Mission & Values - Step 3: Brand Personality - Step 4: Corporate Tagline - Step 5: Product Development Strategy - Step 6: Service Development Strategy - Step 7: Social Media Marketing - Step 8: Promotional Strategy References Page No. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 16 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 24 2 3 Home Expression was founded in 1998 by Bareezé. All bed sets, bed covers, etc. of Home expressions are made with Bareezé quality fabric. Bed sets by home expressions are designed according to local and global fashion trends. Beautiful bed without beautiful bed cover looks ugly, taking consideration this need of customers, Home expressions has made several stylish bed sets in several designs and color combination. Now Home expressions has also introduced various new home accessories as well like beautiful rugs, soft furnishing etc. which helped Pakistani women to decorate their home in a more stylish way. Design Type: Floral/trendy motif Designs 4 Affordable Solutions for Better Living The IKEA Concept is founded on a low-price offer in home furnishings. It is based on offering a wide range of well-designed, functional home furnishing...
Words: 2927 - Pages: 12
...Introduction 1.1 Indian Textile Industry India is a traditional textile-producing country with textiles in general, and cotton in particular, being major industries for the country. India is among the world’s top producers of yarns and fabrics, and the export quality of its products is ever increasing. Textile Industry is one of the largest and oldest industries in India. Textile Industry in India is a self-reliant and independent industry and has great diversification and versatility. The textile industry can be broadly classified into two categories, the organized mill sector and the unorganized decentralized sector. The organized sector of the textile industry represents the mills. It could be a spinning mill or a composite mill. Composite mill is one where the spinning, weaving and processing facilities are carried out under one roof. The decentralized sector is engaged mainly in the weaving activity, which makes it heavily dependent on the organized sector for their yarn requirements. This decentralized sector is comprised of the three major segments viz., powerloom, handloom and hosiery. In addition to the above, there are readymade garments, khadi as well as carpet manufacturing units in the decentralized sector. The Indian Textile Industry has an overwhelming presence in the economic life of the country. It is the second largest textile industry in the world after China. Apart from providing one of the basic necessities of life i.e. cloth, the textile industry contributes...
Words: 9221 - Pages: 37
...impact of NAFTA on trade as well as migration flows between Mexico, Canada, and the United States in the textile industry. Several questions are being investigated: Why did many textile jobs apparently migrate out of the United States in the years after the establishment of NAFTA? Who gained and lost from the process of readjustment in the textile industry after NAFTA? The act whether to protect or not to protect the textile industry when a free trade agreements? The findings show that the migration of many textile jobs out, mostly Mexico was mainly due to a cheaper and enhanced plants included with a flood of cheap labour compared to the United States. Certain quarters like the people of Mexico, people of the United States, apparel companies, and etc both benefits and lost at the same time. The impact on long-term trends were noticeable, while the short-run impact is more difficult to assess due to competing factors such as changes in business cycle patterns, immigration laws, economical climate, weather conditions, and exchange rate movements. Finally, there is the idea that protecting the textile industry from painful free trade agreement is not a perfect solution, bringing a solid and positive outcome to many with only a little much to sacrifice for the betterment of the countries’ wealth and dependency. Introduction The first major international trade agreement in the world was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) formed in 1947. Countries, including the United...
Words: 3117 - Pages: 13
...Market research clothing in China While Asia, particularly China, has enjoyed a dominant position in shoes, apparel and household textiles manufacturing for several years, makers of these items located in developed nations such as the U.S. and Canada have suffered a long period of decline. For example, over 98% of the shoes sold in America each year are imports, and the majority of these imports come from Asia. To consumers in Europe and North America, this growing reliance on Asia as a low-cost producer has meant very low retail prices for goods of reasonable quality. However, recent increases in the value of the Chinese currency, combined with rapidly rising labor costs, have put Chinese manufacturers in a much less competitive position. Competition from very low-cost nations in Africa as well as Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Malaysia, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Philippines and elsewhere is intense, and a large portion of apparel manufacturing formerly done in China is moving to these areas at a rapid pace. For example, Vietnam’s apparel exports to the U.S. jumped to $7.1 billion in 2012 from $6.6 billion a year earlier. China’s apparel exports to the U.S. were $29.0 billion in 2012, down slightly from 2011’s $29.3 billion. While China continues to have a robust apparel manufacturing industry, it is moving up the industrial chain by fostering manufacturing that requires greater skills, better technology and more investment in advanced...
Words: 2301 - Pages: 10
...MARKET ANALYSIS FOR THE RETAIL INDUSTRY IN SOUTH AFRICA Contents Page Executive Summary 2 1. Introduction 3 2. Retail industry in South Africa 5 3. Macro and Micro environment analysis 6 3.1 Macro environment of Retail market in South Africa 6 3.1.1. Political Environment 6 3.1.2. Economic environment 8 3.1.3 Technological Environment 10 3.2 Micro environments analysis 11 3.2.1. Suppliers’ Environment 11 3.2.2 Consumers’ Environment 12 3.2.3 Competitors’ environment 15 4. Findings summarization 17 5. Conclusion 18 References 19 Executive Summary The purpose of the assignment is to develop the written and oral communication skills of marketing for business leadership students. The objective of the assignment is to aware students about the application of market analysis for the retail industry in South Africa. The retail industry effectiveness is dependent on the macro and micro environment analysis of the sector. The students of this group has done the analysis using different resources from South Africa statistics, Standard Bank, and other private consultancy reports that are listed in the reference list. According to the findings, South Africa’s economy is continuing in growth since 1994, which is after the democratic election that resulted from the failure of apartheid. During the regime of Nelson Mandela different improvement in poletical, technological...
Words: 4876 - Pages: 20
...IN-COMPANY TRAINING REPORT ON MARKETING STRATEGY OF TOMMY HILFIGER COMPLETED IN TOMMY HILFIGER LTD SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) GURU JAMBHESHWAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, HISAR TRAINING SUPERVISOR: SUBMITTED BY: MR. SAUMYA GHOSH MANDEEP SINGH (Senior Marketing Manager) Batch: 2007-2010 Enrollment No.: 07511213132 Session: 2007-2010 RNIS COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION GURU JAMBHESHWAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, HISAR-125001 PROJECT REPORT ON MARKETING STRATEGY OF TOMMY HILFIGER COMPLETED IN TOMMY HILFIGER LTD SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) GURU JAMBHESHWAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, HISAR TRAINING SUPERVISOR: SUBMITTED BY: MR. SAUMYA GHOSH MANDEEP SINGH (Senior Marketing Manager) Batch: 2007-2010 Enrollment No.: 07511213132 Session: 2007-2010 RNIS COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION GURU JAMBHESHWAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, HISAR-125001 STUDENT DECLARATION I hereby declare that the Summer Training Report conducted at “Marketing Strategy Of Tommy Hilfiger” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of bachelor of business administration (BBA) RNIS College...
Words: 17393 - Pages: 70
...Agarwal | 1211243 | Dipak Das | 1211258 | Mandal Saurav | 1211273 | Rao Amit Kumar | 1211288 | Subhankar Chakraborty | 1211303 | P Niklesh | 1211319 | ------------------------------------------------- Section - D Competition & Strategy Textile Industry in India Part -2 (Firm Analysis) Competition & Strategy Textile Industry in India Part -2 (Firm Analysis) Contents Introduction 3 Group Companies 3 Major joint Ventures 4 Brands 4 Strategic brand positioning 5 Financial highlights 5 Strategic Direction 5 Resource based view (RBV) analysis 6 Tangible resource 6 Intangible resources 7 Organisational capabilities 8 VRIN Framework 9 Core competence 10 Sustaining Superior Performance: Tetra Threat 11 The threat to imitation 11 The threat of Substitution 11 The threat of Holdup 11 The threat of slack 12 Strategic Fit: McKinsey 7S 12 Critical issues (Risks & Concerns): 14 Key recommendations: 15 Elaboration: 15 Plans for implementation 16 Financial projections 17 Contingency plans 17 Alternatives considered 17 Appendix 18 Exhibit 1 (Apparel industry growth trend) 18 Exhibit 2 (Growth in number of retail outlets) 18 Exhibit 3 (Raymond maintains Leadership...
Words: 4998 - Pages: 20
...ACADEMIC PAPERa Longitudinal patterns of comparative advantage in the textile complex – part 1 An aggregate perspective Peter Kilduff and Ting Chi Department of Consumer, Apparel and Retail Studies, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina, USA Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to present a preliminary investigation into long-term patterns of trade specialization among leading textile- and apparel-exporting nations, assessing patterns of comparative advantage across the textile machinery, man-made fiber, textile and apparel sectors of the textile complex to determine whether these conform with both trade specialization and industry evolution theories. A model of evolutionary change in intra-complex specialization is defined and evaluated. Design/methodology/approach – A revealed comparative advantage index is employed to evaluate international competitiveness for 30 nations over a 42-year period. With repeated measures, ANOVA is used, to determine the significance of the observed patterns across five income-defined groups of nations. Findings – Long-term patterns of specialization broadly reflect expectations of factor proportions theory and industry evolution models. Product and income group characteristics combine to influence comparative advantage. Higher income nations generally remain stronger in more capital-intensive sectors, while lower income countries have emerged to dominate labor-intensive sectors. However, inclusion of a more...
Words: 6750 - Pages: 27
...Industry in Galicia: Understanding the ‘Zara’ Phenomenon ARTURO REVILLA BONNIN ABSTRACT Galicia is traditionally one of the weaker regional economies in Spain. However it is home to one of the most successful global marketing phenomena of the age. Zara, the mid-market fashion arm of the Galician INDITEX Group, is amongst the ‘culprits’ that have been blamed for the demise from high street hegemony of such European retail notables as C&A, Littlewoods and Marks & Spencer. In this paper an analysis is provided of the mechanisms by which this peripheral region has succeeded in producing, from virtually nothing, a globally outstanding retail fashion industry in one of the world’s most cutthroat competitive industries. It is shown that regional, national and supra-national factors have had important parts to play, but that the Galician approach is nevertheless unique, compared to that of other fashion clothing regions. Among the special features at play are high levels of tacit and codi ed knowledge exploitation, integrated design, production and retailing and advanced retail feedback technology that enables anticipation of customer preference. 1. Introduction The fashion industry in Galicia presents different characteristics from that in the rest of Spain. Until the end of the 1970s, the Spanish textile industry was highly protected, oriented mainly towards domestic markets and with a very restricted exporting capacity, in spite of State aids and the competitiveness of its products...
Words: 4586 - Pages: 19
...affect the garments that are seen in any high street store. 2.2 The development of the fashion market 2.2.1 Origins of the modern fashion market Until relatively recently, fashion had always been élitist and was used by its adopters to show that they were above the common people. Even the inventions of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; the spinning jenny, the water frame and the sewing machine have not had as great an effect on the market as have cultural changes and the explosion of the media during the twentieth century. The Fashion Market and the Marketing Environment The end of World War I, in 1918, really marked the start of mass fashion. Style began to be influenced by the fashion designers of Paris, Milan, New York and London. In the 1930s film personalities and later pop stars all played their part in spreading or even starting fashion trends. Some fashion...
Words: 15960 - Pages: 64
...Session 2007-11 Submitted to: MR.SHAHZAD GHAFOOR Submitted by: SAMI-UL-HASSAN REG NO: MBA-FA10-084 DEDICATED TO Our worthy parents and the Respected teachers who Always try to find ways And thinks to provide which We do not know and don’t have Table of Content SERIAL NO. | SUBJECTS | | PAGE No. | | 01 | ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | | 05 | | 02 | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | | 06 | | 03 | COMPANY INTRODUCTION | | 07 | | 04 | Departmentation | | 24 | | I | H R. DEPARTMENT | | 25 | | II | INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY | | 30 | | III | MERCHANDISING DEPTT. | | 36 | | IV | PPC DEPTT. | | 43 | | V | PRODUCTION DEPTT. | | 48 | | VI | FINISHING DEPTT. | | 52 | | VII | QUALITY CONTROL DEPTT. | | 57 | | VIII | QUALITY ASSURANCE DEPTT. | | 59 | | IX | FORWARDING DEPARTMENT | | 60 | | X | PROCUREMENT DEPTT. | | 67 | | XI | STORE DEPTT. | | 68 | | XII | INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERIN | | 70 | | XIII | FINANCE DEPARTMENT | | 72 | | 5 | PEST ANALYSIS | | 100 | | 6 | SWOT ANALYSIS | | 105 | | 7 | SUGGESTIONS | | 114 | | 8 | CONCLUSIONS | | 115 | | Acknowledgement All praises are for Allah almighty that has bestowed upon human being the crown of creation and has endowed him with knowledge and wisdom. After Allah, is the last...
Words: 12496 - Pages: 50
...reasons. First of all, even if we focus on the French market, the fact that H&M is a global brand, operating from nearly everywhere in the world, both made us sure that we would have to analyze a very strong and efficient strategy, and to face some difficulties, deeply linked with the industry (such as problems of relocations or competition from Chinese textile) that would help us understand a strategy better. Besides fashion is an unavoidable factor of our daily life. It always seemed interesting to analyze what stands behind the doors of a store in which we shop. Presentation of the brand H&M is a Sweden based company. It was funded in 1947 by two Swede Hennes and Mauritz, which gave the brand their name. The firm designs, produces and retails clothing items and accessories (including cosmetic products). Its range of product includes clothing (innerwear and sportswear) for men, women and children. Presently, H&M operates in 28 countries. Its largest/major markets are in Germany, Sweden and the UK. The company also allows its customers to buy on the Internet through their online shop (not available in all countries.) H&M reflects international trends through different concepts and ranges of clothes that cover different “style” with above all classics, basics and a line depending on international trends. The brand’s largest department is the women’s department (followed by children’s wear). Almost all H&M stores are full-range stores, although...
Words: 4487 - Pages: 18
