...Itatyana Newson Mr.Alvarado 09/6/2016 The united states constitution guards against tyranny by supporting the ideas of federalism . Federalism a system of government in which power is divided . james madison , federalist paper #st , 1788 “ how does this compound government provide “ “double security “ to the people “ the central and state government will check each other's power . this shows how important federalism is and how it is used . “how does federalism guard against tyranny ? “ by distributing certain powers between central and states government neither could gain absolute power over the nation or nations people . The united states constitution guards against tyranny supporting checks and balance . checks and balance a system that allows each branch of government to amend or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent anyone branch from exerting too much power . It was important to keep control of the three branches to make it far for one or another .[ james madison , federalist paper #st , 1788] “each branch should have some check on the powers of the others” . this helped them keep track over each other . “ according to this document , how did the farmers of the constitution guard against tyranny ?” to divide and arrange the several offices in such a manner as that they may be a check on the other ....
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...The Cherokee Nation: Individualism, Collectivism, Power, and Quality of Life Individualism/Collectivism “In the beginning there was no land; just water and the sky. The animals lived above the solid rock vault that formed the sky, but they were very crowded”(Perdue, 2007). This is the introduction of the Cherokee people’s birth and come to being on this earth. Like our tale of Adam and Eve, the Cherokee also had their version of it and their people were named Kana’ti and Selu. They had both lived in a paradise that was created for them, but had a flaw of wanting more and thus were cast out of their own Garden of Eden. When the original Cherokee people were cast out of their paradise they found themselves having to hunt and harvest their food. They developed methods to help kill the bigger animals and trounce on the smaller ones with little to no regard for their lives. The story goes on to tell that the Cherokee people began to get sick from the animals they were eating and their harvest were not growing the way they intended either. The animals were punishing the humans for not respecting their right to live along side with them. The Cherokee soon realized that they must perform rituals to avoid the diseases, give thanks to the animals and land for what they used, and that is when they began to understand the importance of respect for all living things and not dominion over them (Perdue, 2007). Cherokee’s today believe that they are one with their environment...
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...Introduction 1. Throughout the book the main issues that were discussed were those of which about the state of nature, the types of power, property, and the social contract (consent.) 2. In the last few chapters Locke seems to be a little more open to the natural rights of the people. 3. Locke argues that all people shall abide by the natural rights that are placed within a society. 4. In my perception it looks as if the people have more rights later on then they were granted earlier. 5. Locke raises two objections and they are; 1. Has this happened before and were all born under government so when do I give my consent? Paternal Power & Absolute Power 1. Mother – They are typically seen as weaker individuals in the commonwealth of the family thus they grant the...
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...economic data as the trade balance, inflation and the national product. Fundamental analysis is based on the observation and evaluation of these economic data, as has been proved in the past, has influenced exchange rates. Taking into account these correlations optimal analysis can be done to give an indication of the long-term trend of exchange rates; * technical factors. historical rate fluctuations and volumes are examined and analyzed. Some models, which are expected to repeat themselves over time, can be used as a predictive criterion for short-term trends (technical analysis); * expectations. activities of financial operators are not the only based on known economic data, but also on their expectations of future trends; * political events / psychological factors, such as elections, political tensions, etc. Fundamental analysis is based on the study of the economy. It is based on the assumption that the supply and demand of currencies is the result of economic processes that can be observed in practice and can be predictable. Fundamental analysis studies the relationship between the evolution of exchange rates and economic indicators, a relationship that exists and is used to make predictions. Up to this point, none of the theories views ahead serves all the exchange rate forecast requirements. This is why there are many factors of parallel evaluation, valid for part of the study area, but can also be mutually exclusive. Analysis of the balance of payments This...
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...CRITICAL ASSIGNMENT There are several theoretical approaches to consider when discussing geopolitics. Three of these approaches are the Realist approach seen by Michael Klare; the Balance of Power theory outlined by Robert Skidelsky; and Social Constructivism theory used by Gearoid Ó Tuathail. After analysis of these three geopolitical theories, it becomes clear that the Realist approach and incorporated application of Halford Mackinder’s Heartland Thesis, demonstrated by Michael Klare, is the most persuasive and applicable in a contemporary setting. Klare’s Realist Theory Michael Klare applies realist theory to explain contemporary American international relations. In this explanation, Klare draws on the geopolitical thesis of Halford Mackinder. Mackinder’s theory explains that the state that controls the Heartland, which is land seen to be of geopolitical importance, will inevitably become a global superpower as they amass economic and political strength from that territory. Mackinder states “Who rules East Europe commands the Heartland; Who rules the Heartland commands the World-Island; Who rules the World-Island commands the World.” (Mackinder 1919: 150) Klare’s incorporation of a realist approach lies in the way he explains America adherence to the Heartland thesis. Klare demonstrates America’s desire to control the Heartland by overtly militaristic foreign policies in areas of great geopolitical competition. America had been involved in conflict in the resource rich...
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...EMPLOYMENT OF LAND FORCES IN THE ASIA PACIFIC United States military experience in the Asia-Pacific region has been based since its inception in the late 1890s on a joint and expeditionary footing. The U.S. Army has maintained a constant presence since then, fighting in more campaigns in that part of the world than anywhere else outside the Americas. The Asia-Pacific remains, as it was in the 1800s, one of the world’s most important, dynamic and challenging regions. Its importance was shown by a U.S. Defense Strategic Guidance, signed by President Obama in early 2012, directing a national refocus of effort or “rebalance” towards Asia Pacific, with special emphasis on preserving peace and stability. Implementing this Asia Pacific-focused strategy has increased the importance of military relationships, activities and the need to employ land forces in this region, placing U.S. Army Pacific (USARPAC) on the leading edge of demonstrating our nation’s continued commitment in the Asia-Pacific—a unique position replete with myriad challenges and opportunities. Land Forces Employment, Air and Naval Access The U.S. military has enjoyed unfettered air and naval access across the Pacific since World War II. Working with treaty allies in Australia, Japan, Republic of Korea, the Philippines, New Zealand, and Thailand, the United States has built a network of ports and bases that allows it to project and sustain military power. China’s recent investment in its military capabilities, especially...
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...is the United States Constitution. When the thirteen British colonies in North America declared their independence in 1776, they laid down that “governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” The “colonies” had to establish a government, which would be the framework for the United States. The purpose of a written constitution is to define and therefore more specifically limit government powers. After the Articles of Confederation failed to work in the 13 colonies, the U.S. Constitution was created in 1787. The Constitution is important because it was expressly designed to limit powers into three co-ordinate branches, the legislative, executive, and judiciary branch; none of which was to have supremacy over the others. This separation of powers with the checks and balances which each branch was given over the others was designed to prevent any branch, from infringing individual liberties safeguarded by the Constitution. I think the U.S. Constitution was a way for the U.S. to establish government which was a negotiation between the two former governments, a monarchy and total state power. I think by creating the checks and balances, people’s rights would be safer and they would feel more secure not having one branch of government with absolute power. What I found most interesting about the Constitution was how complex and detailed the framers made it, to effectively explain and limit the individual branches of power in government...
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...the United States were free of British rule, but found themselves in need of a government to keep peace and prosperity among the different states. The Articles of Confederation was finally put into place in 1777 that was intended to do just that. However, not all states agreed with the Articles of Confederation. At that time, each state counted for one vote regardless of size, which was fine for smaller states, but the larger ones felt that their votes should have more say in matters due to its larger population. Congress had little power to tax for much needed funds, nor to regulate foreign and interstate commerce. When Congress would pass laws, there was no executive branch of government to enforce the laws. There was no national court system when issues would arise and any amendments to the Articles of Confederation required a unanimous vote (Barker, 2012). Each state wanted its own individual power and money and rejected any idea of one government controlling them all. This caused problems with the economy because states did want to give up its own money to a central government. They felt like it would turn into something similar to the British Monarchy. With each state printing its own money and having their own military, it was difficult, if not impossible for the government to create any unity among the states (The Articles of Confederation, 2015). The Articles of Confederation presented a good platform to work with, but clearly needed revising if the Unites States was...
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...The roles of the three branches Team A His301 3/11/13 Janice Harder The Constitution of the United States is the permanent document upon which this nation’s government was formed and continues to rely upon in order to maintain the democratic republic. In its conception and many evolutions throughout the past 237 years, the rights of the country’s citizens and the roles that all federal and state governmental bodies play were established. Articles I, II and III contain the multifaceted powers as well as the checks and balances for and between the legislative, executive and judicial branches. This paper examines the reasons and benefits of the three divisions in the government, the obstacles to creating legislation due to the division of power among the branches, and the conflict and issues between supporters of federal versus states rights were characterized at the nation’s birth and at present. When the American forefather divided the government they did it with our futures in mind, a government for the people. In order to make sure things are done correctly and fairly they decided to make three branches, the legislative branch is the House of Representatives which is the congress and also includes the senate which is used for law making decisions. Our forefathers made it this way so that each state had proper representation. The legislative branch receives thousands of bills ever two years and it is the legislative branches duties to make sure only necessary bills...
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...the thirteen original states, except for Rhode Island, frame a government that would be strong enough to serve the new nation, but not create any form of tyranny? The first constitution, The Articles of Confederation, was an agreement among all thirteen states that was drafted on July 12, 1776 and completed its formal ratification in March of 1781. It allowed thirteen states to set up central organizations to oversee the domestic and foreign affairs, but many believed it was not working and needed to be changed. In the summer of 1787, the group of men, including James Madison, gathered at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia because they were concerned about the future of the nation. The Articles of Confederation was intended to discourage oppression, but failed to accomplish this because it lacked a chief executive, a court system, and the central government could not force a state pay taxes. James Madison was primarily concerned with how they framed the document to assure that tyranny did not have a chance to resurface. They drafted the new constitution in hopes that it would keep the country from falling apart. James Madison and his fellow delegates framed the constitution to protect the country from tyranny by any one individual, group of individuals, branch, or level of government from gaining too much power by including the areas of Federalism, separation of powers, a system of checks and balances, and big states versus small states. Federalism was a major...
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...gave Congress the power to collect an income tax; it was proposed and ratified to replace a law that had ben declared unconstitutional in an 1895 Supreme Court case. The income tax had been seen as means of putting into effect the concept of the progressive taxation, in which the tax rate increases with income. The Sixteenth Amendment put the progressive taxation on a constitutional basis. Progressive taxes helped promote social equality through the redistribution of income; that higher-income people are taxed at higher rates to help fund social programs that benefit lower-income people. This being said progressive taxes are very important to our democracy, it helped promote social equality. The Commerce clause is the third clause of the Article 1, Section 8, of the Constitution, which gives Congress the power to regulate commerce among the states. This was very important to the Constitution because the commerce clause was a major factor that increased the national governments power. After the Revolution ended and independence was a reality, it became clear that the national government had neither the economic nor the military power to function effectively. In 1786 a sever problem happened in Massachusetts where high interest rates and high state taxes were forcing farmers into bankruptcy. The Shays Rebellion revolted against established order continuing until 1787 when Massachusetts appealed to the constitution for help. The rebellion demonstrated the importance of the confederation...
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...Power and the Balance of Power The first concept that we will discuss is power, and its related concept, the balance of power. Power is an important concept in global relations, and a fundamental idea within the school of thought known as Realism. Realism is based on the assumption of anarchy, or the absence of a central order, as the key description of global relations. This is supposedly a self-help system, in which states compete with each other for power. Power is defined as the ability to get someone to change their behaviour in a direction desired by a stronger actor. The idea of power and the balance of power go back only 300 years, but there is evidence, according to Realists, that the Ancient Greeks and Romans pursued power politics. The idea of the balance of power is that interstate interaction will be stable if states, operating under Realist principles, seek to balance each other in their relations. By acting prudently, "carefully, with foresight, avoiding rash acts," no state will seek to upset the system. Each state will check the others, and no state will grow powerful enough to overthrow the others. A state that seeks domination will be defeated, so no state will attempt this. The classical balance of power operated only under a certain number of conditions: 1. There were a large number of states for alliance formation. 2. There were clear geographic confines in the system e.g. the European continent. 3. There must be flexibility/freedom...
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...The Branches of Government HIS/301 August 14, 2012 The Branches of Government Articles I, II, and III of the Unites States Constitution outline the importance of dividing government into 3 branches, this system was designed by our forefathers to serve the people. With any division of power obstacles are bound to arise, usually when attempting to enact important legislation. Since the US Constitution was written to the present day there has been conflicts between the supporters of a strong federal government and campaigners of states’ rights. This paper will address these three aspects associated with the first three articles of the United States Constitution. Reasons for Dividing the Government The fact that power is abused if monopolized by one person is something the world has dealt with for some time. History provides us with plenty of examples of rulers who tormented society as well as their own people. The Roman Caesars drove the Roman Empire to break through their selfishness and reckless abuse of power. France was under the same disastrous governance structure under Louis XIV and Louis XVI. Lord Acton, eminent British historian wrote this report to Bishop Mandell Creighton in 1887, "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts totally. Great men are almost always unprincipled men." William Pitt served as the British Prime Minister from 1766 to 1778. The unrest and discontent in the American colonies was building and would require the Patriot leaders...
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... Table of Contents Executive summary: i China: 1 Pakistan 1 Introduction: 2 Background : 3 Sino-Indian war: 4 Timeline of Important events: 5 Diplomatic relations: 6 China support on Kashmir issues: 6 Sino Pakistan boundary agreement 6 China –us relation with the help of Pakistan 7 China support after 9/11 8 Trade relations: 10 Free Trade Agreement: 10 Exports: 12 Imports: 13 Kashgar Special Economic Zone (KSEZ): 14 Thar Coal Project: 15 Influence of china-india trade relation on pakistan : 15 Pakistan-china military relation 17 China and Pakistan defense ties 17 The Indian influence in military relations: 19 GEO-STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN 20 Location of Gwadar port: 20 CONSTRUCTION OF GWADAR PORT: 20 GEO-STRATEGIC SIGNIFICANCE OF GWADAR 20 CHINA’S INTERESTS: 20 PORT OPERATIONS: 21 INDIAN CONCERNS: 21 The balancing act: 23 Regional Cooperation: 24 Nuclear cooperation: 25 Major completed projects: 25 projects underway: 25 Some current issues: 28 The Indian question: 28 Conclusion: 31 Bibliography: 32 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, we would like to say thanks to our...
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...Henry Kissinger’s World Order asks, if today’s leaders can rise above their own definition of world “order”, to achieve peace and global stability. Especially when the “balance of power” is constantly threatened by anarchy and chaos. The reason Kissinger, makes this his core enquiry, is because it addresses a challenge that the human race faces today, one that it might fear the most- a total global chaos. Kissinger uses conflict between different nations as the premise to his argument. He does so by looking at the historical experience of different civilizations, even going back to the Dark Ages, as suggested by the subheading of the book. The author begins by defining World Order as “an inexorably expanding cooperative order of states observing common rules and norms, embracing liberal economic systems, forswearing territorial conquest, respecting national sovereignty and adopting participatory and democratic systems of governance”. But in the introduction, the author also lets us know that “No truly global 'world power' has ever existed”. And what is considered to be the 21st century world order, is just a treaty which was devised in western Europe, without taking into consideration, the other countries and civilisations. Towards the end, Kissinger remarks that the leitmotif of our age is science and technology. With countries making huge advances in technology, they consider the security dilemma, before looking at the zero (sum) game analysis. Technology could thus prove...
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