...Under God The United States of America is a country founded on religious principles and freedoms. Protestants escaping religious persecution in England came to the new world and planted the seeds of what would grow into a world superpower. The Native Americans, whose ancestors had been the first men to live there, became nothing but second class citizens. They were forced into slavery whilst dying by the thousands from disease brought by the white man. The pilgrims’ quest for religious freedom had brought ruin to an entire culture. Though it was the greatest, this genocide was not the last injustice done by religious organization in the new world. The framers of the United States constitution granted the right to freedom of religion among others. But all rights are limited; they cannot be exercised if they infringe upon another’s rights. Furthermore, despite claims of separation of church and state Christianity continues to take precedent over the rights and liberties of many citizens. Today one of the chief injustices regarding religion in America is tax exemptions for religious organizations. Proponents of tax exemption for religious organizations claim that there is no breach of separation of church and state. This claim is made on the grounds that by not taxing religious organizations they are not affiliating with them; therefore separation of church and state is attained. This logic is flawed to an unbelievable extent. The government electing not to tax religious organizations...
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...proper research and education into what changes will have the best impact on this planet. The cost of the change will always be a factor but humankind needs to consider; is the cost of change a bigger factor than the change itself. There needs to be real consideration for the impact that we have over the environment by our actions and not the cost of what it will take to make a positive impact; the longer humankind takes to make positive changes the more it will inevitable cost to make those changes. The different environmental problems at this point in time that impact this planet are all linked; they all break down to how much carbon dioxide we are producing on this planet. Carbon dioxide is produced by using nonrenewable resources such as oil and coal and has exponentially increased due to the industrial revolution. The earth naturally producing carbon dioxide but we have increased the amount in the atmosphere due to our use of nonrenewable resources. We need to find the best ways that can reduce our dependence on nonrenewable resources and find a way to increase renewable resources. The energy consumption of this planet needs to become clean...
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...Foundation prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmission without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2009, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation Version: 2011-09-21 “Bottled water is a disaster, for several reasons. First there’s the issue of the sustainability of underground aquifers, from where much of the bottled water is drawn. And then there’s the carbon footprint. Water is heavy, and transporting it around the world uses a lot of energy.” Jeff Angel, Total Environment Centre, Sydney, Australia2 “We survived before we had water in bottles. It is unnecessary. When you see water imported from Fiji in plastic bottles, you know it’s bad for the environment all round.” Lee Rhiannon, Australia’s Greens MP3 “I think the world is slowly going insane. No thanks but I prefer water in bottles, that way you know it’s clean and you know, healthy. Not a sacrifice people should make when plastic bags are still rampant. Those Greens are extremists and I don’t see this ‘tap water alternative’ ever being viable.” Anthony L, N.S.W.4 “Consumers who choose...
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...public. It is vital that the company climb back into the good graces of the public for continued success. This objective can be achieved by continuing and increasing involvement in surrounding communities, being completely honest with consumers, and creating positive dialogue with environmentalists; all while utilizing a successful marketing campaign to convey to the public exactly what is being accomplished by the company. Current situation FIJI Water is just one company in the booming bottled water industry. When looking at bottled water statistics, consumption has reached close to 185 million liters in 2007 and bottled water has become the second largest category of beverages consumed after soft drinks. Even with the current state of increased environmental vigilance, is apparent that bottled water is not going anywhere anytime soon. FIJI has been singled out in particular amongst bottled water companies for one of the things that made them a household name in the first place: where the water comes from. A large part of the criticism that the company is faced with has to do with its importation of a basic substance from thousands of miles away. What was once the key thing...
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...Global Taxation by R Boadway* Environmental Taxation and Revenue for Development by A Sandmo* Revenue Potential of the Tobin Tax for Development Finance: A Critical Appraisal by M Nissanke* A Development-Focused Allocation of the Special Drawing Rights by E Aryeetey* The International Finance Facility Proposal by G Mavrotas* Private Donations for International Development by J Micklewright and A Wright* A Global Lottery and a Global Premium Bond by T Addison and A Chowdhury* Remittances by Emigrants: Issues and Evidence by A Solimano* The Way Forward by A B Atkinson Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 * These chapters are available on the WIDER website. Chapter 1 Innovative Sources for Development Finance 1 A B Atkinson, Nuffield College, Oxford Introduction 1 Innovative Sources to Meet a Global Challenge 2 New Development Finance: Innovative Sources 3 Origins of the Proposals 4 Political Economy 5 Criteria for Evaluation 6 Guide to the Contents of the Book Box 1 The Millennium Development Goals Box 2 Innovative Sources of Development Funding Considered Here Introduction Two powerful and divergent forces grip the world at present. On the one hand the effectiveness of international organisations has been called into question. The role and functioning of the United Nations is debated. Some nations exhibit frustration with multilateral co-operation. There is increasing resort to unilateral...
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...motor and transports passengers. The automobile as we know it was not invented in a single day by a single inventor. The history of the automobile reflects an evolution that took place worldwide. It is estimated that over 100,000 patents created the modern automobile. You can point to the many firsts that occurred along the way to producing the modern car; and with that goal in mind, highlighted below are articles, biographies, timelines, and photo galleries related to the history of the automobile and its many inventors. History of Automobiles A multi-part feature on the history of automobiles starting with the first steam, electrical, and gasoline-engine cars. Learn the controversy behind what was the first car in history and the importance of the internal combustion engine. The lives of many famous automotive makers are explored in detail with special pages on the assembly line, the origins of the name automobile, the patent disputes, and more. Automobile Benz "Velo" model (1894) by German inventorCarl Benz – entered into an early automobile race as a motocycle[1][2] Classification Vehicle Industry Various Application Transportation Fuel source Gasoline, Diesel, Electric,Hydrogen, Solar energy Powered Yes Self-propelled Yes Wheels 3–4 Axles 1–2 Inventor Ferdinand Verbiest...
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...importantly innovations turned mud huts into thriving modern cities with billions of people. The secret to success is power. But by continuing to fuel large cities and businesses with fossil fuels, many nations are knowingly releasing tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. A study done by Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center states that "The world pumped 39.8 billion tons (36.1 billion metric tons) of carbon dioxide last year. That is 778 million tons (706 metric tons) or 2.3 per cent more than the previous year" (Zolfagharifard 2014). The United States and many countries attempted more environmentally friendly solutions but only to fall on heuristic approaches. In order to tackle the problem head on, nuclear reactors must be built; for this reason Lucas Davis writes: The NRC received 16 license applications for a total of 24 proposed reactors. The time was right, so it seemed, for a nuclear power renaissance in the United States. Natural Gas Prices were at their highest level ever in real terms. The 2005 Energy Policy Act provided loan guarantees, production tax credits, and other subsidies for new nuclear plants. Many believed that the United States Was close to enacting legislation that would limit emissions of carbon dioxide. (Davis 49) Nuclear power is the solution to the world's growing energy problems; it is relatively safe, sustainable and most importantly, powerful. Nuclear reactions can easily be dangerous being such a powerful force...
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...Emissions Trading and Carbon Credit Accounting for Sustainable Energy Development With Focus on India A. N. Sarkar Senior Professor (International Business), Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, New Delhi, India Abstract Global climate change is inextricably linked with the enhanced build-up of greenhouse gases. Emissions- trading in the form of carbon credits or CERs is opening up a new vista of trade opportunities with prospect for gradual reduction of emissions particularly by the developed nations under Annexure-I categories. Various national and international programmes undertaken by the government and voluntarily by the non-government agencies have positively impacted on progressive reduction of emissions in many parts of the world. The paper highlights the emerging issues linked to the modalities of emission-trading, together with scope for developing sound accounting procedures for trading carbon credits. Paper discusses the opportunities for developing a sound marketing system of carbon credits with built-in efficiency in transactions, accountability and transparency in reporting systems with focus on India. Paper also GMJ,VOL 4,ISSUE 1 & 2, JANUARY - DECEMBER 2010 underlines the need to comply with the Global Accounting Standards, Tax Planning, access to Multi-commodity Exchange Market, certification, verification and enforcement procedures for proper execution of emission-trading initiatives aimed at achieving carbon neutrality. The aspects of Carbon management with...
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... 2014 The Measure of Ecological Footprint in Hopes to Reduce Human Consumption on the Earths Resources 1 GEOG 2210 S14 Dhurim Gjureci The Measure of Ecological Footprint in Hopes to Reduce Human Consumption on the Earths Resources By: Dhurim Gjureci Table of Contents What is Ecological Footprint? How is Ecological Footprint Measured? The Current State of the Earth Canada’s Ecological Footprint The Importance of Knowing Our Ecological Footprint Reduction Efforts Conclusion Bibliography Appendix/ Exhibits 3 4 5 6 6 8 11 12 13 GEOG 2210 S14 What is Ecological Footprint? Dhurim Gjureci An...
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...Rhonda Montgomery American Intercontinental University Abstract The energy act 2005 addresses issues having to do with energy usage covering fossil fuels, nuclear power and the efficiency of energy and includes two major provisions, tax incentives for the advanced energy saving technologies with the second provision being to set standards for the minimum efficiency with a set of smaller efficiency provisions. The laws of thermodynamics are the study of energy and the ability of energy to be able to do work. Physicists were involved with studying the flow of heat from machines and the chemical changes that accompanied the work, obtaining its maximum efficiency, a machine that has the ability to run off of its own heat. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy and matter cannot be created or destroyed with the second law stating that it is impossible to take away heat from a reservoir and positive work with the energy moving away from the source not being able to flow from cold to hot. In order to have a continual flow of heat there must be energy present. In order to have a continual flow of heat there must be energy present. The third law of thermodynamics states that all processes will stop when the temperature reaches an absolute zero and with this the molecules will then not move and as a result the production of energy will be stopped. Scientific law applies to energy conversions...
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...Carbon Credit How company’s Generating profit An Interactive Research Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH by Aamir Malik(B 43) Anuj Dubey(B 55) MBA (G) 2013-2015 October 2013 __________________________________________________ INDEX S.No | Topic | Page No. | 1. | Acknowledgement | 4 | 2. | Abstract | 5 | 3. | Introduction | 5-6 | 4. | How carbon credit Trading works | 7 | 5. | Global Scenario | 8 | 6. | Analyzing Indian Scenario | 9 | 7. | Benefits for India | 10-11 | 8. | Financing Up port in India | 11-12 | 9. | Business Mechanism and Carbon exchange | 12-13 | 10. | CDM process and carbon Trading | 14 | 11. | Accounting and Tax treatment In different Countries | 15-17 | 12. | CASE 1: Buddhil Hydro Electric Power Ltd. | 18-20 | 13. | CASE 2: Greenply Industries Ltd. | 21-22 | 14. | CASE 3: Reliance Power | 23 | 15. | Future Of Carbon Trading | 24-25 | 16. | Conclusion | 26 | 17. | References | 27 | ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them. I am highly indebted to Ms. Lakhwinder Kaur Dhillon Mam for their guidance and constant supervision...
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...in particular. I have been living in the U.S. for 9 months now, and the way U.S. individuals and politicians cope with this issue is different compared to where I come from. France efforts to reduce the human footprint on earth are far more significant than the U.S. The French were very shocked when the U.S. refused to sign the Kyoto agreement. French consider Americans as energy wasters who damage the Earth with their energy-inefficient cars, the absence of efficient public transportation in cities, the absence of a real passenger train network and waste of energy in houses, etc. France discharges 3 times less CO2 per inhabitant than the USA: 8 tons per inhabitant per year compared to 24 tons for the United States of America. This phenomena is due mainly to: The importance (almost 80%) of nuclear power plants in the production of electricity in France; the much lower gas consumption of European cars; the more energy-efficient urban development (less urban sprawl) in Europe; the much less waste of energy in housing (heating, air-conditioning) and much better systems of public transport: fast trains, subway, street cars, car pool. I am going to emphasize on this last point, because it is the most striking difference I have noticed as a student. As such, the MBTA network has to be developed....
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...over 100 countries and has an extensive worldwide supply chain. GSK’s mission is to help people do more, feel better, live longer. They do this through investing in R&D, adopting flexible approaches to pricing, promoting open innovation, and strengthening healthcare systems. By growing their business and extending access to their medicines, GSK ensures long term commercial success as well as creating value for its shareholders and delivering economic benefits to the wider society. GSK contributes directly and indirectly to the economic growth in more than 150 countries through tax, charitable support and employment of 101,255 people around the world. This report reflects the actions taken up by GSK for achieving sustainability in their supply chain operations. GSK’S top 10 sustainability successes have also been highlighted in this report as to how they achieved the Carbon Trust Certification, reduced Carbon footprint,...
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...Meagan Frances AyersJames FranksEmelie HallJean-Hubert Trahan | Instructor: Sachin Modi | Objective/Scope The purpose of this article is to determine whether staying at the Temecula plant or outsourcing to China is the best option for Scotts Miracle-Gro. A cost analysis will be used to determine which option will give Scotts Miracle-Gro the best opportunity for long-term growth and profit. Recommendations It has been determined that staying in the United States at the Temecula plant in California will be the best decision for Scotts Miracle-Gro financially and with regards to their image and product quality. However, in order to remain competitive, costs must be lowered to keep profits up to par with where they would be had the company decided to outsource. To do this, it has been recommended that Scotts Miracle-Gro cut production costs by reducing: 1. Energy Costs, 2. Raw Materials Costs, and 3. Labor Costs. By reducing costs, Scott’s Miracle-Gro can remain competitive while in the United States and avoid outsourcing the production line to China. Analysis Risk and Benefits Upon reviewing the information regarding the production line of The Spreader, it has been concluded that there are many risks with outsourcing the production line overseas to China which include but are not limited to: 1. Loss of quality 2. Loss of production innovation 3. Forgoing in-mold label capabilities or paying to provide such technology to a contract...
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...magazine an astonishing seventeen times. There is an extensive amount of questioning that ranges in the flexibility of their programs and the usabilty of them, and also the responsiveness of managers. (PwC Ranked Among Ten Best Companies by Working Mother Magazine, 2011) I am not concerned with the size of the company but they do employ over 160,000 people worldwide which will allow me to develop networking contacts that I might not have been able to make if I were to work in a smaller company. They are headquartered in the United Kingdom and have offices worldwide. I am not afraid of having to relocate and am hopeful that I will be allowed to relocate overseas and experience Europe with my family while working on my career. In addition to a family friendly culture I am concerned with the reputation of a company and their social responsibilty. Pricewaterhouse Cooper embraces those qualities by improving their business practices, reducing their carbon footprint, and giving back to communities. (Pricewaterhouse Cooper's Corporate Info, 2011) They have exceeded my expectations of meeting my desired criteria while researching a potential company to aim for in my career after graduation. Company No. 1 KPMG: Products and Services Commonly known as one of the big four accounting firms they are headquartered in Amsterdam and have offices worldwide with...
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