...have very minimal control on monitoring internet content. In 2015, Obama and millions of activists demanded the Federal Communications Committee to adopt Net Neutrality rules that keep the internet free and open, allowing information to be shared and accessed with no interference. In February 2015, the FCC adopted strong Net Neutrality rules under Title II of the Communications Act; it gave the FCC the ability to ensure companies like AT&T, Comcast, Verizon, etc, could not interfere with web traffic or monitor internet content. The initiation of Title II allowed for open access of the internet and ushered in the era of creativity and innovation. However, the federal government under the Trump administration is currently trying to do...
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... and context can have on an argument, based on the article of “Net Neutrality Is Here – Thanks To an Unprecedented Guerilla Activism Campaign” by Lee Fang of “The Intercept” written on February of 2015. The article of “Net Neutrality Is Here – Thanks To an Unprecedented Guerilla Activism Campaign” by Lee Fang, was written with the purpose of informing the nation that net neutrality is important and worth fighting for. Not everyone in my community knows about the importance of net neutrality, and how if it didn’t exist ISP’s would become monopolies and would control the internet “the world at your fingertips”. Also, The Context of the article was put in a manner of victory in the hearing of 2015 and all the different supporters and activist for net neutrality was unprecedented no one expected support in such numbers but the string of events they pulled got the activist group the publicity they needed to get the importance of net neutrality, at least understood because entrepreneurs in the app development community couldn’t really flourish because ISP’s might see them as competition and either cut them completely out or just charge them their house and home in order to operate. The simple fact that people can even do that is simply appalling big monopoly businesses shouldn’t exist because they only make money at the expense of others, and I believe that’s what the author of the article on “Net Neutrality Is Here – Thanks To an Unprecedented Guerilla Activism Campaign”...
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...2015 Net Neutrality The purpose of this research paper is to discuss how net-neutrality regulations will hinder competition and innovative growth. The research paper starts with an introduction of net neutrality then proceeds to the main argument of the topic. The paper will examine how net neutrality regulations have posed threats to internet use while reviewing some the work done different scholars. At the end of this part, an argument will be presented to show how threat to internet use will hinder competition and innovation growth. To strengthen the argument and stand of this paper, the paper will also examine the importance of net neutrality in businesses and communities which are core for development and show how this regulations will hinder innovation and competition to businesses and communities due to lack of information. The paper shall close with a conclusion part that will sum up the ideas discussed in the paper and bring to light how net neutrality will hinder competition and innovation. A research done by Bauer, Johannes, and Woohyun on "Regulation and innovation in Telecommunications" revealed that more than any other innovation or invention of our time, the Internet has opened potential outcomes we could barely imagine of a generation ago (Bauer 9). The research provided major reasons we have seen such extraordinary development and advancement as most Internet providers have treated Internet traffic in an equal manner. That is the principle known as "net neutrality"...
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...February 26th, 2015; I screamed with joy after hearing about the enactment of net neutrality. I started running in my dorm and asked every person I met: “Do you know the FCC just passed Net Neutrality?” Despite my enthusiasm, most people looked at me with a confounded gaze, then asked: “What are you talking about?” I only got one positive response: “Oh, I saw an article about how ‘Pornhub’ was trying to inform people about net neutrality.” I was stunned, if not outraged. How do you not know what is net neutrality in this epoch that we socialize through Facebook, travel by uber, and shop with amazon? Net neutrality is almost equivalent of the 16th Amendment for the life we live online. It granted everybody equal access to all websites and prevented blocking and favoring. If net neutrality were not enacted, unfair competition between websites would’ve stripped people their freedom to browse the Internet freely. By enacting Net Neutrality, we establish equality on Internet viewing....
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...Net Neutrality Internet users are under threat by the rules and regulations demanded by Internet service providers. The implication of this act is the deprivation of our right to free internet access. Hereafter, FCC Tom Wheeler fought back by releasing a plan to defend net neutrality and preserve our rights. Net Neutrality gives Internet users the freedom to access and enjoy any kind of content on the web and protect free speech without any restrictions or limitations. It provides a platform for innovative ideas, which the internet thrives of. This guiding principle is supported by the Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) Open Internet Order, which was specifically issued to prevent Internet Service Providers (ISP) from blocking or impeding user’s connections to online content. In defense, without the Net Neutrality, Internet Service Providers would be able to strategize new ways to charge users more for access and services, which would hinder online communication. Without Net Neutrality, Internet Service Providers would be allowed to censor content and speech that does not cater to their taste, reject applications that is in competition with their own offerings and prioritize Web traffic. This paper will be written in the defense of net neutrality, in terms of importance for business and communities of color, etc., and our right to free internet access on behalf of all Internet users. There are a number of reasons why net neutrality is important to us. Net neutrality...
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...In December 2017, the Federal Communications Commission voted to repeal net neutrality rules set in place during the Obama administration. This decision has reignited heated debate on the value of public versus private interests, as well as government regulation of the media and internet throughout the nation. So, why does this decision matter? In order to understand the implications of the repeal, it is necessary to understand what net neutrality itself is, its history, and the inherent link between the internet and democracy in the United States in our modern age. Throughout history, the government has struggled to keep up with the rapid advancement of communication technology. The Federal Communications Commission is “...an independent...
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...According to the Federal Communications Commission of the United States, net neutrality has been recognised to entail three primary norms: a. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) must operate in a transparent manner; b. ISPs cannot block access to any content; c. ISPs cannot discriminate against any internet traffic in any manner. Critics fear that powerful service providers could choose to control Internet traffic by funnelling data into fast and slow lanes; this thereby would allow the richest companies to pay extra fees to ensure that their online content is accessible through the fast lanes, creating an additional barrier of entry for new online start-ups who could not afford access to such fast lanes. One of the alleged drawbacks of the...
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...New Year’s Eve 1879 is not a date most people recall from their history classes. However, on this ostensibly unassuming day in my hometown of Edison, NJ, Christie Street became the first street in the entire world to be powered by an incandescent light bulb using a power system designed by Thomas Edison. This was the catalyst to the creation of the modern electric grid and, subsequently, the electric utility corporations we know today. During the earlier years, neither the states nor the federal government regulated the industry. Cities and townships were largely tasked with granting utility companies the right to use public streets. Consequently, regulation for entry into the industry was de facto controlled by municipalities. It was not uncommon for cities to grant these rights to competing companies for the same area. In 1907, states began to pass legislation that granted utility companies localized monopoly power in order to correct for ‘natural monopoly-style’ market failures. The states argued that the cost advantages caused by overwhelming economies of scale allowed the winners to establish monopolies “naturally” threatening public well-being. This idea of a “public interest” and the “greater good” was extended to also regulate other critical public services such as the water and gas utilities. Recently, in January of 2014, a federal appeals court ruled that regulations enacted by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) unfairly treated Internet services providers as...
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...Arien Hazell 412002254 Watts (2003) Conservatism in Accounting Part I: Explanations and Implications Paper Review ACCT 3040 Advanced Accounting Theory and Practice Mr Terry Harris Conservatism is one of the fundamental principles of accounting and its application in financial accounting has recently become a highly controversial issue involving a variety of views as there is a desire for financial accounting information to be neutral. Conservatism has lasted in the accounting practice for many years and has become more popular over the past 30 years. In addition, Basu (1997) and Sterling (1970) made statements that lead us to believe that conservatism’s influence on accounting practice has been long and significant. Sterling (1970) argued that conservatism is the most influential principle of valuation in accounting agreeing with Basu (1997) who argued that it has influenced the accounting practice for at least 500 years. Professor Ross L Watts wrote two papers on the conservatism in financial accounting. Paper I sought to examine alternative explanations for conservatism in accounting and their implications for accounting regulators while Paper II is aimed at looking at the empirical evidence on conservatism, its consistency with alternative explanations and opportunities for future research. The paper under review is Paper I and the objectives of this paper are to discuss the explanations for conservatism and draw implications for regulation and standard setting...
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...Chapter 1: The objective of financial reporting Chapter 1 describes the objective of financial reporting, the primary user group to which financial reporting is directed, the types of decisions made by that group and the financial information useful to that group in making those decisions. 1. The boards decided that an entity’s financial reporting should be prepared from the perspective of the entity (entity perspective) rather than the perspective of its owners or a particular class of owners (proprietary perspective). Do you agree with the boards’ conclusion and the basis for it? If not, why? Yes, we agree with the boards’ conclusion about the preparation of the entity’s financial reports from the entity perspective because this is in correspondence with the current situation of entities. In other words, under the entity perspective, the reporting entity has substance by its own; contrary to the situation under the proprietary perspective where it does not have substance separately from the proprietary one. The proprietary perspective is more accurate to the situation where entities do not exist separately from its owners or to those days where most businesses were sole proprietorships and partnerships that were managed by their owners. Nowadays, the separation between managers and owner grew, most of today’s businesses have legal substance, and multiple capital providers with limited legal liability being more appropriate, in our opinion, the entity adopted perspective...
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...27. Corporations issue their shares to the investing public in the: A. Option A B. Option B C. Option C D. Option D AACSB: Reflective thinking Bloom's: Knowledge Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the function and primary focus of financial accounting. Level of Learning: Easy 28. The primary focus for financial accounting information is to provide information useful for: A. Option A B. Option B C. Option C D. Option D AACSB: Reflective thinking Bloom's: Knowledge Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the function and primary focus of financial accounting. Level of Learning: Easy 29. Which of the following is not true about net operating cash flow? A. It is the difference between cash receipts and cash disbursements from providing goods and services. B. It is a measure used in accrual accounting and is recognized as the best predictor of future operating cash flows. C. Over short periods of time, it may not be indicative of long-run cash-generating ability. D. It is easy to understand and all information required to measure it is factual. AACSB: Reflective thinking Bloom's: Knowledge Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the function and primary focus of financial accounting. Level of Learning: Medium 30. Which of the following groups is not among financial intermediaries? A. Mutual fund managers B. Financial analysts C. CPAs D. Credit rating organizations AACSB: Reflective thinking Bloom's: Knowledge Learning...
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...uncontrollable, and growing power. Social media platforms already have standards and regulations in place that flag, prohibit, and remove hate speech and false information. These regulations can be further expanded and enacted without government interference. Twitter has made consider progress in removing Islamic State propaganda, Google has stopped hosting the neo-nazi website The Daily Stormer, Facebook has taken down white supremacist support groups, Apple has cut off payments selling Nazi themed merchandise, Airbnb has removed users connected to the rally-- these actions are in the company's’ best interest with strong control over offensive content. Significant importance is placed upon the principle of the internet as an “open and free†space, which net neutrality provides. With the repeal of neutrality, the Internet is under more government control than it has ever known. Manipulation of the Internet under government control would shape economic policy, competition policy, media policy, social policy, and oversight of the political process; with such broad power under government control, free speech remains an element of higher societal value that must remain protected. So how can monitoring internet content lead to social equality that will adhere to American values? For the government to embolden their control over their internet is not the answer--- regulation of the internet must be done by its own people, its own creators, and its own values rather than those asserted...
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...Feedback value 3) Timeliness B..Reliability: 1.Verifiability 2.Representational faithfulness 3..Neutrality Secondary qualities: 1.. Comparability: information that has been measured and reported in a similar manner for different enterprise is considered comparable 2. consistency : same accounting treatments to similar events by an entity from period to period is considered consistent ELEMENTS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ASSETS: Probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by a particular entity as a result of past transactions or events. LIABILITIES: Probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of a particular entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future as a result of past transactions or events. EQUITY: Residual interest in the assets of an entity that remains after deducting its liabilities. In a business enterprise, the equity is the ownership interest. INVESTMENTS BY OWNERS: Increases in net assets of a particular enterprise resulting from transfers to it from other entities of something of value to obtain or increase ownership interests (or equity) in it. Assets are most commonly received as investments by owners, but that which is received may also include services or satisfaction or conversion of liabilities of the enterprise. DISTRIBUTIONS TO OWNERS: Decreases in net assets of a particular enterprise resulting from transferring assets, rendering services, or incurring...
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...LVMH Submission: Public consu lt at ion on t he Gre en Pap er f rom the Commission on policy options for progress towards a European Contract Law for consumers and businesses January 2011 EU Registration number: 16094042309-21 2 LVMH Submission Public consultation on the Green Paper from the Commission on policy options for progress towards a European Contract Law for consumers and businesses Executive Summary The LVMH Group welcomes the opportunity general contract law are creating obstacles to to respond to the European Commission’s cross-border transactions as businesses face public consultation on “policy options for a considerable administrative burden to comply progress towards a European Contract Law for with diverging national legal systems. Moreover, consumers and businesses”. LVMH supports despite international private law rules regarding the Commission’s work in the area of contract choice of law and national mandatory rules in law and supports its aim of developing cross- consumer contracts, consumers are not familiar border commerce by increasing legal certainty with their rights when shopping online and for businesses and consumers. We believe hence lack trust in online transactions. further work on an optional 28th regime is an opportunity to enable businesses to operate with legal certainty across the 27 EU Member States while ensuring a high level of consumer protection across the...
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...Intellectual Capitalism 2 Verizon Q1: How can this video inform your company president based on the contents of his letter? (video) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yd98Naz8jvQ One of the key focal points of Verizon’s strategic position is exploring the Internet of Things. Understanding and creating solutions on this new platform will be paramount to staying ahead of direct competitors. To address this topic and the challenges and opportunities that lie therein, Chad Jones, formerly of Xively by LogMeIn, delivered the above-linked lecture at the Harvard Innovation Lab entitled “The Business of the Internet of Things”. The Internet of Things (aka Internet of Everything, Industrial Internet) is viewed as the next great technological revolution that will transform how we experience our daily life. The exploration of this new frontier has captivated many different industries, such as energy, health care, manufacturing, construction, and transportation. Many have begun to “connect” devices by incorporating sensors or software that can be remotely monitored, enabling seamless communication in real-time between computer networks and the physical world. Estimates are that by the end of 2014, there were 1.2 billion connections in Internet of Things, and future projections have that number leaping by as much as 5 times by 2020 with the potential to boast nearly 1 trillion connections by 2025. The economic impact is being estimated at $4.6 trillion by 2020, at which point could...
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