...Book Review Review of John Lauritz Larson’s The Market Revolution in America In his book, The Market Revolution in America: Liberty, Ambition, and the Eclipse of the Common Good, John Lauritz Larson explains the effects of the Market Revolution on Jacksonian America. He goes into detail describing these effects, which makes it a bit difficult to feel out Larson’s intentions, as many of the effects were negative. It is quite easy to see that the book is critical of the market revolution, but there is more to Larson’s point. He explains that the economic changes were a result of the people running the market revolution. These people were present during a time that saw great technological advancements which acted as a catalyst to economic change. These changes that were occurring were entirely new and thus, the people during this time had to adapt to them in stride, which, as Larson points out, wasn’t easy. In his introduction, Larson states that the book explains the “unexpected, overwhelming force of economic changes and the positive aspects that made it difficult for people who experienced the market revolution to know whether they were rising in a privileged class or falling victim to an economic juggernaut.” (Larson, 10) In the first three chapters he discusses the political environment that existed prior to the market revolution, the technological advancements that helped spur the revolution, and how these advancements affected the daily lives of the people living during...
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...In this week's reading the chapters both talk about Nationalism in Latin America. The definition of Nationalism in the book Problems in Modern Latin American History, by James Wood, is the identification of a large group of individuals with a nation. In the book Born in Blood and Fire: A Concise History of Latin America, by John Chasteen, it says that nationalists were often urban , middle class, mixed race, or recent immigrants. It is said that Nationalism is one of the most widespread and influential ideologies in modern world history. In this week's reading for James Wood, entitled "Nationalism", it talks about Nationalism and how it affected Latin American countries. An example of how Nationalism affected Latin America is the Cuban war for independence from Spain, which happened from 1868 to 1898. Jose Marti was a apostle of Cuban Independence, in which he earned this title from many years of fighting for this cause. Jose had died on the battlefield fighting for Cuba's independence in 1895. Due to his belief about Cuba being independent, Jose was imprisoned and was also exiled from Cuba. Jose Marti's most famous essay was published in newspapers in both New York and Mexico City in January of 1891. In this essay he talks about the blindness of the previous Latin American governments to what was actually going on in the that region. The Mexican Revolution of 1910 had posed a revolutionary challenge to the neocolonial system. Francisco Madero had led a campaign to overthrow...
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...IDENTIFICATIONS * Manifest Destiny * Cotton Gin * American System of Manufacturers * Bartleby the Scrivener Market Revolution * Early 1800’s-1860 * Era of “Good Feeling” * From 1812, there is only one political party: democratic- republicans * Reassembles Hamilton’s view of America * Changes everything about how Americans work * Challenges ideas of freedom The Change * Before the Market Revolution work was done at home controlled by individuals, regulated by daylight. * Introduces the concept of “going to work” * Lays the foundation for modern America Transportation and Technology * Roads, railroads, steamboats, canals. Telegraph * Previously transporting between US cities was an expensive as shipping overseas * Production was local * No standardization, no connection Examples: * 1806 congress approved road from Cumberland, MD to Illinois * 1807, steamboat tested, made transportation upstream possible * 1825 Erie Canal-upstate New York connected to the Great Lakes * 1830’s telegraph developed * 1837 3000 miles of canal * For decades huge tracts of land go to railroad companies THE GROWING WEST * Between 1790 and 1840 4.5 million people move west of Appalachians * Between 1815 and 1821 six new states entered the Union: Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Alabama, Mississippi, and Maine * Southerners with slaves moved into a new Cotton Kingdom * Alabama, Mississippi...
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...the federal government to financially back the construction of a transcontinental railroad. Lincoln felt the transcontinental railroad was a necessity, an idea whose time had come (HUL 2014). With the development of the transcontinental railroad spurred a major economic growth. The true economic impact of the railroad may never be known, but one thing is for certain: It was dramatic. The flow of goods over the line after the first full year of operation was around $50 million in 1869 dollars (Friedman 2010). Individuals felt the joining of America, economically, geographically and totally was complete. But with the development of the railroads came a rise in big businesses, it opened up the whole country for the development of new products, growing population and distribution and communication. Between 1865 and 1920, the nation’s population increased by nearly 200 percent, from 36 million to 100 million (Revolution by Railroad...
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...totally reflect the companies’ opinions, reader discretion is advised. The PAs will add the report abstract here © Euromonitor International 1 THE SPORTSWEAR REVOLUTION: GLOBAL MARKET TRENDS AND FUTURE GROWTH OUTLOOK MAGDALENA KONDEJ – HEAD OF APPAREL RESEARCH 24TH JULY 2013 STATE OF THE INDUSTRY: THE HIGHLIGHTS DYNAMICS OF MAJOR SPORTSWEAR MARKETS EXPLORING HOT CATEGORIES AND INDUSTRY TRENDS EMERGENCE OF OMNI-CHANNEL – WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR SPORTSWEAR BRANDS? THE SPORTSWEAR REVOLUTION: GLOBAL MARKET TRENDS AND FUTURE GROWTH OUTLOOK Setting the scene - sportswear vs other consumer goods industries $1728bn $2200bn $433bn $770bn $245bn Forecast % CAGR 2.7% 4.1% Sportswear 2.3% 3.0% Beauty and Personal Care 2.1% Consumer 4 Electronics © Euromonitor International Apparel and Footwear Packaged Food THE SPORTSWEAR REVOLUTION: GLOBAL MARKET TRENDS AND FUTURE GROWTH OUTLOOK Three-speed recovery of the global apparel and footwear market Apparel and Footwear Market Value Growth 2012 5.8% Global growth in 2012 US 2.2% © Euromonitor International EUROZONE -0.4% EMERGING AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 12.2% 5 THE SPORTSWEAR REVOLUTION: GLOBAL MARKET TRENDS AND FUTURE GROWTH OUTLOOK Sportswear outperforms across all years Market Value Growth 2007-2012 8 7 % year-on-year growth 6 7.5% Sportswear 5 4 3 2 1 0 2007-08 2008-09 Apparel and Footwear 2009-10 2010-11 5.8% Apparel and Footwear ...
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...Throughout this semester, we have touched on two connected and central themes: Religious revival across America, and the continued conflict between men and women. These themes became critical during the market Revolution, as the economy began to boom, intense religious excitement and issues with social structure began rise as well. Was this Second Great Awakening going to bring America together or tear it apart? That was a difficult question. Paul E. Johnson & Sean Wilentz book, The Kingdom of Mathias: A Story of Sex and Salvation in 19th-Centurey America, gives insight to this question and the greater themes gonging on during this period in American history. During the Market Revolution, Americans were eager for a transformation. This revolution...
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...From 1824-1854 America was under the Second American Political Party System. This system included two parties that played a vital role in shaping the way America’s party system operates now: the Democrats and the Whigs. The development of these two parties and the relationships between the candidates can be seen throughout the thirty years the Second Party System existed which is discussed in the book Andrew Jackson vs. Henry Clay: Democracy and Development in Antebellum America by Harry L. Watson. By reading Watson’s work, the reader can differentiate the comparisons and contrasts of Andrew Jackson and Henry Clay, personally and professionally, and how they believe that the American government should operate. For example, the Market Revolution opened the political...
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...The Market Revolution was responsible for promoting social, economic, and political changes in America (Schultz, 2010). The Market Revolution was expedited by the implementation of tariffs, the new economic system known as the American System, and internal improvements. Furthermore, the Market Revolution consisted of three major components. First, a transportation and communications revolution improved how people communicated with one another and how they, along with goods were transported (Schultz, 2010). States began financing the construction of canals and toll roads, which in return paved the way for innovations of transportation over four different eras. Advancements to the roads and turnpikes in 1810 were known as the turnpike era. However,...
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...money into foreign markets as a way to increase America's international presence. US foreign policy - US statement of its place in the world--would not come from the government or the military, but from private businesses. This was a very different approach to American foreign policy. Private businesses are not elected...
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...27 January 2011 THE ELUSIVE REPUBLIC The period spanning the American Revolution and the War of 1812 was marked by a controversial, difficult, and painful effort to define the terms of a flourishing economy in the United States. Drew McCoy’s, The Elusive Republic discusses the ideological origins upon which many eighteenth century thinkers developed their rationale for America’s “young” economy. During a time in which Europe was a dominating force and America was still in its infancy, the political economy in Jeffersonian America struggled to define itself as an independent republic and not just a replica of its oppressor. England had grown to be an old, corrupt, and overpopulated land where, “the people who cloathe the whole world are in rags themselves.” (McCoy 47) Seeing its counterpart in such a state of decay, Revolutionaries in America forged a commitment to republicanism that would soon lead to an ongoing public debate over superior ideologies. The two conflicting visions that spurred the post-war vision of a republican America was that of developing across space, which was supported by Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and Thomas Jefferson, and that of Alexander Hamilton’s vision of developing through time. As America progressed through its post-war stages, it was evident that one vision had surpassed the other in dominating the economy. According to Madison, “…The United States might be forced into manufacturing as an alternative source of employment even...
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...Frederick Jackson turner developed a thesis called the frontier thesis where he conquers that the democracy of America was established by the Western frontier. He also stated that the democracy of America resulted from violence and the absence of interests in high culture. He continued to state that the Frontier land was acquired, and there was no need to establish institutions to attain it. His insistence on the frontier’s need to shape the country led to a pool of responses found in many articles. His works led to the use of social history as the underlying grounds for all socio-economic and political progress in the history of America. When Turner died, history departments were teaching frontier history based on his approach. For a long time, the history of America has been largely tied to the colonization history of the Great west. The presence of free land and the settlement of Americans to the west explain the progress of America. American institutions have been required to change with the increase of the diversity and population of people and facilitate the transformation from backward political and economic ways to civilization. Development in some nations has only taken place in some areas, but in America, development has been widespread. However, there is a frontier line still facing primitive conditions along the western part. Nevertheless, the history of America is not based on the western coast but the great west. Some primitive conditions such as slavery were related...
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...The American Revolution was caused by problems with religion, government, finances, freedom, and rights. All of these subjects have been presented earlier during the enlightenments, the glorious revolution, the English Civil War, and stand in the English Bill of rights which later set the basis for our country today. Without the thinkers that the Scottish enlightenment produced, our modern government wouldn’t be the way that it remains today. If it wasn’t for the English Bill of Rights, the constitution would not exist. All of the causes listed above play a part in the American Revolution, which would later result in the creation of the United States of America. Maybe the most influential character came out of the enlightenment, his name...
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...The consequences of the Egyptian and Tunisian Revolution Inspired by the successful revolution in Tunisia, the Egyptian Revolution started on January. Thousands of people demonstrated in the streets to protest against poverty, rampant unemployment, government corruption and autocratic governance of President Hosni Mubarak. After 18 days of protest, President Mubarak resigned. After the turmoil in Egypt, a question still remains: do we have to fear some impacts on the global economy? Is there a threat for the rest of the world? To answer to these questions, it is important to keep in mind the different arguments. Even if Egypt is not well integrated into the international financial system and Cairo is not a significant financial hub, the Egyptian Revolution can have major economic and financial implications. Although the country is not a major oil producer, the main way Egypt can impact the global economy is through oil. It is interesting to see that oil markets overreacted to the Egyptian uprising. Oil prices have risen around $100 U.S. per barrel. First with the Suez Canal which runs through Egypt, the country plays a key role for transporting oil from the Persian Gulf to Europe and elsewhere. The Egyptian crisis could create some disruptions in the operation of the canal and that might cause a rise in oil prices. That could have negative effects for oil-importing countries and bring inflationary pressures. After the 2008 crisis, the world has been weakened. Today, it...
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...America Transformed HIS 110 June 13, 2011 Abstract Some individuals have a curious thought of how Americans built their society. In this reading the reader will understand a historic timeline from 1780-1850. Learning the important information during certain years and how they overcome each event. The Agricultural Revolution of Europe started in the 1700’s; it was widely spread throughout Europe and America by the 1800’s. The results of the revolution, was the farming processes became more efficient, and productive due to several inventions, and discoveries. The Agricultural processes became faster, and less manpower is required in the field, as a result the population from the countryside had no means of supporting themselves. They were forced to move into the urban cities in search of factory jobs. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain during the 1700s. The term Industrial Revolution refers both to the changes that occurred and to the period itself. During the 1700s and early 1800s, great changes took place in the lives and labor of people in several parts of the world. These changes resulted from the development of industrialization and it started spreading to other parts of Europe and to North America in the early 1800s. By the mid-1800s, industrialization had become widespread in Western Europe and the northeastern United States. America Transformed In 1781 Peace Commission occurred and what it meant was Congress appoints a Peace Commission comprised...
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...Asia before 1492. - This process was called by Blaut: “Proto-capitalism.” So capitalism does not appear out of nowhere. It shifted its center from Indian Ocean to Europe = continuous process. Industrial revolution started later: symbolically situated in 1688 (overthrow of King James II in England by Parliamentary group) So... How did Capitalism develop more in Europe after 1492? - This is the main question of the chapter. Why did Europe discover America? Myth of adventuresome superiority in Europe. - Based on internal characteristics of Europe and giving no credit to non-Europeans. But they were trading in maritime centers just like everyone else. Technology superiority of Europe? Others had traveled long distances. Inventions were criss-crossing and Europeans did not have technological superiority in navigation. So why...??? Special progress in Europe? Nop... Europe in 1492 was “sluggish”. - Economic growth was slow and most likely negative. - Urbanization process was slow. In 1 or 2 decades progress and economic growth started to rise. - - Why??? So Why??? Geographic location. - Europe was simply closer to America and this was an advantage. Sailing conditions were better: winds were favorable. West-African traders were oriented towards east by land and alongside the coast. Marcos: but... why did they not go through...
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