...telescopes to find a city-smashing asteroid before it finds us. Asteroids are space rocks, which can range from boulder sized up to chunks of rock nearly 1,000 kilometers (621 miles across). Most of them orbit between Mars and Jupiter. A fleet of pint-sized satellites orbiting the sun could track down the majority of asteroids that threaten Earth's safety. Or that’s what a team of scientists now proposes. Others aren’t so sure. This plan has holes big enough to drive an asteroid through, some scientists charge. The U.S. Congress directed NASA, the nation’s space agency, to identify 90 percent of all asteroids wider than 140 meters (roughly 460 feet). Congress set a deadline of 2020. The space agency could meet the first goal using five miniature observatories, say scientists on a team that includes Michael Shao. He’s an astrophysicist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. All it would take, his group says, is to space the satellites out evenly just inside the orbit of Venus. Some astronomers have looked into building and launching a single space telescope, tasked with keeping its eye out for asteroids. Building it could take eight to 10 years and cost about half a billion dollars. But those five mini telescopes could do the same thing, Shao’s group proposed online March 29 on arXiv.org. Once launched, they could find all the high-risk asteroids in perhaps three years — and for just one-tenth a big telescope's cost. They would be really tiny Scott...
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...Institutions in International Relations: Understanding the Effects of the GATT and the WTO on World Trade Judith L+ Goldstein, Douglas Rivers, and Michael Tomz Abstract The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ~GATT! and the World Trade Organization ~WTO! have been touted as premier examples of international institutions, but few studies have offered empirical proof+ This article comprehensively evaluates the effects of the GATT0WTO and other trade agreements since World War II+ Our analysis is organized around two factors: institutional standing and institutional embeddedness+ We show that many countries had rights and obligations, or institutional standing, in the GATT0WTO even though they were not formal members of the agreement+ We also expand the analysis to include a range of other commercial agreements that were embedded with the GATT0WTO+ Using data on dyadic trade since 1946, we demonstrate that the GATT0WTO substantially increased trade for countries with institutional standing, and that other embedded agreements had similarly positive effects+ Moreover, our evidence suggests that international trade agreements have complemented, rather than undercut, each other+ When and how do international institutions promote cooperation? Few questions are as fundamental to international relations or as salient for world leaders+ Due to the contributions of Keohane and others, we now have sophisticated theories about the emergence and effects of international institutions...
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...marked a dramatic twist in the investigation. But some reports have quoted other Malaysian authorities offering conflicting information, with some denying the military official's claim. What can cause an airplane to disappear? Search underway for missing Flight 370 Authorities 'puzzled' by missing flight Search area for missing plane widens The situation is so unprecedented that experts have been careful in speculating about possible explanations. Here are four scenarios they're talking about, and the related facts: 1. Scenario: Mechanical failure? Fact: The absence of a debris field suggests the possibility that pilots were forced to ditch the plane and it landed on water without breaking up, finally sinking to the ocean floor. Analysis: But if that were the case, then why no emergency signal? These planes are able to perform a "miracle on the Hudson" maneuver. They have the ability to glide more than 100 miles and belly land on the water with...
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...Vaughan was among the first group of African Americans to be hired as mathematicians and scientists. The executive order prohibited discrimination based on race, religion and ethnicity in the defense industry. Local laws requied "colored" mathematicians to work separately from their white female counterparts. Dorothy Johnson Vaughan was assigned to the segregated “West Area Computing” unit where she was required to use separate dining and restroom facilities. At NACA or NASA, she was responsible for calculating mathematical computations for engineers conducting aeronautical experiments in wind tunnels on the variables affecting drag and lift of aircraft. In nineteen-forty nine, Dorothy Johnson Vaughan became the first black supervisor at NACA or NASA when she was promoted manager of the West Area Computers. This work group was composed entirely of African American female mathematicians. The title gave her rare visibility and she collaborated with other well-known computer operators on various projects. She also became a dedicated advocate for female employees who deserved promotions or raises, often supporting white women as well. Vaughan lead the West Area Computing...
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...Advertising Management Assignment “Analysis of 6 TV Advertisements” Table of Contents Sl. No. I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X Introduction Advertisement 1 – Mountain Dew’s “Bad Cheetah” Ad Advertisement 2 – Kinetic Blaze Introductory Ad Advertisement 3 – Gillette’s “Champions” Ad Advertisement 4 – Orbit White Chewing Gum “Cow” Ad Advertisement 5 – VISA’s Pierce Brosnan Ad Advertisement 6 – Surf Excel’s Ad (Brother & Sister Duo) TV Advertising Advertising Success Conclusion Topic Introduction A television advertisement or television commercial is a span of television programming produced and paid for by an organisation that conveys a message. Advertisement revenue provides a significant portion of the funding for most privately owned television networks. The vast majority of television advertisements today consist of brief advertising spots, ranging in length from a few seconds to several minutes (as well as program-length infomercials). Advertisements of this sort have been used to sell every product imaginable over the years, from household products to goods and services, to political campaigns. Many television advertisements feature catchy jingles (songs or melodies) or catchphrases that generate sustained appeal, which may remain in the minds of television viewers long after the span of the advertising campaign. Some of these ad jingles or catch-phrases may take on lives of their own, spawning gags or “riffs” that may appear in other forms of media, such as...
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...Advertising Management Assignment “Analysis of 6 TV Advertisements” Table of Contents Sl. No. I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X Introduction Advertisement 1 – Mountain Dew’s “Bad Cheetah” Ad Advertisement 2 – Kinetic Blaze Introductory Ad Advertisement 3 – Gillette’s “Champions” Ad Advertisement 4 – Orbit White Chewing Gum “Cow” Ad Advertisement 5 – VISA’s Pierce Brosnan Ad Advertisement 6 – Surf Excel’s Ad (Brother & Sister Duo) TV Advertising Advertising Success Conclusion Topic Introduction A television advertisement or television commercial is a span of television programming produced and paid for by an organisation that conveys a message. Advertisement revenue provides a significant portion of the funding for most privately owned television networks. The vast majority of television advertisements today consist of brief advertising spots, ranging in length from a few seconds to several minutes (as well as program-length infomercials). Advertisements of this sort have been used to sell every product imaginable over the years, from household products to goods and services, to political campaigns. Many television advertisements feature catchy jingles (songs or melodies) or catchphrases that generate sustained appeal, which may remain in the minds of television viewers long after the span of the advertising campaign. Some of these ad jingles or catch-phrases may take on lives of their own, spawning gags or “riffs” that may appear in other forms of media, such as...
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...Development in the Study of Atomic Structure Bohr’s and Rutherford’s Contributions Mihret Gelan 17th September 2014 Word Count (title page & references excluded): 1459 Atomic Theory & Structure "By convention sweet, by convention bitter, by convention hot, by convention cold, by convention color: but in reality atoms and void." Those are the words of Democritus, one of the founding fathers of the ancient atomic theory, on his philosophical viewpoint on the nature of matter. It began as a philosophical concept in ancient Greece and India, but today, the atomic theory is not mere philosophy, but a scientific concept or model of the fundamental nature of matter. How it went from a philosophical belief called atomism to an empirically-proven, well-studied, scientific concept is what I’m going to explain throughout this essay; focusing on two renowned scientists of the early 20th century, Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr, who made significant contributions to this growing theory of the atom and its structure (the composition of the atom). The Atom before Bohr and Rutherford The modern model of the atom was built upon the many vital discoveries of the major scientists throughout history since the birth of the theory in ancient Greece. Bohr and Rutherford were able to make the discoveries and scientific conclusions they made because they were “standing on the shoulders of giants.” To begin with, Democritus, although not entirely correct, laid a philosophical foundation...
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...Jubin Shah The Future for Space Elevators: The Moon and Beyond An interesting concept, a space elevator from the Earth to the Moon, has been suggested since 1885, or perhaps even earlier (Soderman). Several countries, including the United States, have begun working on the concept with hopes of making it a reality. The NASA Lunar Science Institute, now known as the Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute, has noted that a space affiliate, the Liftport Group, is being funded through Kickstart to help finance the first step in building the space elevator (Soderman). The Liftport website describes their moon elevator project as follows: LiftPort’s proposed research will develop practical, near-term solutions for construction and expansion of a Lunar Elevator. The study will include characterization of materials; analysis of required rocketry and robotics; and evaluation of landing sites and methods of anchoring to the Lunar surface. Additionally, Ribbon spooling, infrastructure deployment, and micrometeorite mitigation techniques will be explored (Lunar). (Now) NASA has also has been instrumental in developing aspects of the moon elevator. Several years ago, NASA sponsored a million dollar contest for whoever could design the best mechanism to climb the elevator. LaserMotive won $900,000 from NASA's Centennial Challenges program for meeting the Level 1 standard of having their laser-powered robot climb a 900-meter-long cable suspended from a hovering helicopter...
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...CH. 12 1. Transmission – Conductive connect6ions between system elements that carry signal power. 2. CAT6/5e – Category 5e computer networking cable capable of handling a 1000MHz bandwidth up to a length of 100m. 3. RJ-45 – the four pair termination commonly used for terminating CAT6/5e cable. 4. Attenuation – amount of loss in the signal strength as it propagates down a wire. 5. Near-end Crosswalk – measure of the level of crosstalk or signal coupling within the cable, with a high NEXT (db) value being desirable. 6. Crosstalk – Unwanted coupling caused by overlapping electric and magnetic fields. 7. ACR – combined measurement of attenuation and crosstalk; a large ACR indicates greater bandwidth. 8. Delay Skew – measure of the difference in time for the fastest ti the slowest wire pair in a UTP cable. 9. Power-Sum next testing – measures the total crosstalk of all the cable pairs to ensure that the cable can carry data traffic on all four pairs at the same time with minimal interference. 10. Return loss – measure of the ratio of power transmitted into a cable to the amount of power returned or reflected. 11. Unbalanced line – electrical signal in a coaxial line is carried by the center conductor with respect to the grounded outer conductor. 12. Balanced line – same current flows in each wire 180 degrees out of phase. 13. Common mode rejection – when signals are 180 degrees out of phase cancel each other out. 14. Baluns – circuits that convert between balanced and...
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...ASSIGNMENT ON OPERATION RESEARCH ( FIN – 3104 ) 3RD YEAR , 1ST SEMESTER BBA – 3RD BATCH DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE JAGANNATH UNIVERSITY TOPIC Quantitative Analysis for Optimization : Using Linear Programming & Transportation Problem Group Name Name & ID No. of the Group Members: |Sl. No. |Name |ID No. | | | | | |01 |Suman Chandra Mandal (Group Leader) |091557 | | |Md. Nahid Islam |091604 | |02 | | | | | | | |03 |Mahbuba Mehreen |091619 ...
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...Correlated with these findings are the reduction of superficial neuromasts (SN) found within the eye orbit (EO) associated with but not exclusively determined by shh (sonic hedgehog) gene. His work supports the most recent of the three theories, asserting that the loss of vision is due to pleitropy. Yamamoto Yoshizawa has used this theory for the basis of much (of his work (4, 5, 6). With knowledge of the various populations Vibration Attraction Behavior and eye orbital superficial neuromasts, Yoshizawa and his team employed multiple non-visual constructive traits and eye regression by doing quantitative genetic analysis of crosses between surface fish and cavefish (5). (Figure 1) Using this method, it was shown that vibration related behavior and the sensory receptors found within the cavefish eye orbit are genetically correlated with reduced eye size. (Figure 1C) In an effort to further investigate this correlation Yoshizawa’s team employed quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, to uncover the genetic basis of this correlation. The sections of DNA (the locus) that correlates with variation in phenotype form two clusters of overlapping quantitative trait loci on linkage groups 2 and 17 (5). (Figure 1B)...
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...THE UNIVERSE When we look up in the night sky we can see the stars and the moon. And because it is natural to be curious, we ask questions and we want answers. When our view was limited by what our eyes could see, the sky was our Universe. Then the telescopes deepened our view, photography enhanced it, and spectroscopy broadened it. The universe grew from a sky of stars to a realm of galaxies, to an expanding universe of galaxies. Many people believe that nature, the sun and moon, the star, even human beings never had a beginning. There is an endless, external cycle of birth, life and death that constantly repeats itself and it never began and will never end. In the Book of Genesis in the Bible, it was written that at first the world did not exist and that God is the only one who existed. So He created the world. The universe is the totality of everything that has ever existed. It is so large that it contains billions of stars, and all of the planets, galaxies and all of space. The study of the universe is called Cosmology. Traditional Views about the Universe 1. Geocentric Universe Greeks believed that the earth was a sphere that stayed motionless at the center of the universe or the geocentric (Earth-centered) view. Orbiting the earth were seven wanderers (planetai in Greek) including the sun, the moon and the known planets, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Greece was centered as the “Golden Age” of early astronomy. Claudius Ptolemy created the book Almagest...
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...makes a prediction that can be tested C. is usually proven to be correct D. can only be tested once E. none of these 2. Which of the following can't be considered an acceptable hypothesis?" A. Dark matter, (invisible matter which still has gravitational attraction), determines the orbits of stars in the the galaxy B. Mass increases with velocity C. Matter came into existence together with time D. The megagalaxies of the universe will become invisible to each other in time. E. all are acceptable hypotheses 3. A theory is an integrated explanation of numerous “proven”_____. A. facts B. laws C. controls D. hypotheses E. guesses 4. What is the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method? I. State a problem II. Analyze and interpret data III. Develop a hypothesis IV. Share the results with other scientists V. Design and perform experiment to test the hypothesis A. I – II - III - IV – V B. III – I - V – II – IV C. V – IV – III – II – I D. I – III – V – II – IV E. V – II – I – III - IV 5. Ptolemy's model sought to explain retrograde motion by _____. A. adding circles to epicycle orbits B. adding circles to elliptical orbits C. adding epicycles to elliptical orbits D. adding epicycles to circular orbits 6. Due to retrograde motion some planets will rise in the west and set in the east. True or False 7. Which of the following is correctly ordered from largest to smallest in size? A. Moon, neutron star, white dwarf, galaxy B....
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...Examination Table of Content 1. Background 2. Vision Statement 3. SWOT Analysis of SpaceX 4. Porter’s Five Forces Model 5. SpaceX TOWS Matrix 6. SpaceX Business Model 7. SpaceX Business Level Strategy 8. Conclusions I. Background SpaceX or Space Exploration Technologies Corporation is a space transport services company headquartered in Hawthorne, California. It was founded in 2002 by former PayPal entrepreneur and Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk. SpaceX was founded with the goal of reducing space transportation costs and enabling the colonization of Mars. It has developed the Falcon 1 and Falcon 9 launch vehicles, both of which were designed from conception to eventually become reusable. SpaceX also developed the Dragon spacecraft, which are flown into orbit by the Falcon 9 launch vehicle, initially transporting cargo and later planned to carry humans to the International Space Station and other destinations.[1] By 2012, SpaceX had over 40 launches on its manifest representing about $4 billion in contract revenue—with many of those contracts already making progress payments to SpaceX—with both commercial and government (NASA/DOD) customers. As of December 2013, SpaceX has a total of 50 future launches under contract, two-thirds of them are for commercial customers. SpaceX's low launch prices, especially for communication satellites flying to geostationary orbit, have resulted in market pressure on its competitors to lower their own prices. In...
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...DIVYA BHASKAR – A Case In 1996, the forty year old Bhopal-based newspaper group Dainik Bhaskar had a circulation of 350,000 copies per day in Madhya Pradesh. By 2004, this had grown by more than 1000 percent to 3.5 million (2.3 million in Hindi and 1.2 million in Gujarati across six states in India: Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Chandigarh and Gujarat), making it one of the top twenty-five dailies in the world. In a little over ten years, Bhaskar has achieved circulation figures that others in global newspaper business taken nearly a century to achieve. Today Bhaskar has a collective circulation of a approximately 4.4 million across its titles – Dainik Bhaskar, Divya Bhaskar, Saurashtra Samchar, Prabhat Kiran, Business Bhaskar, DB Star and DNA. Bhaskar’s rapid growth has occurred in an unlikely setting. All the large, powerful media groups in India are based in the English language. Although Hindi is the most widely used spoken language in India, the vernacular press is highly segmented with small, regional papers holdings sway. No local language newspaper has been able to cut across states the way English newspaper have. Further, the newspaper business was, and still is, a game of slow growth over generation of readers. People don’t easily change newspaper-reading habits and if they do, it takes several years of persistent wooing to get them to shift. But consider this: In Jaipur, its first city of launch outside Madhya Pradesh, Dainik Bhaskar...
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