...guides. The poem takes the reader on a journey with Dante and his guides through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. This is accomplished through the poem being broken up into three main canticles. Each one of these canticles contains thirty-three cantos. The number three is an important Christian symbol as it symbolizes the Trinity. This is important to Dante in his poem due to his religious beliefs. As the reader gets a literal description on Dante’s travels, the reader symbolically gains insight on how people viewed the progression of a person’s soul toward God. The first canticle is about Dante’s and his guide, Virgil’s, descent through the ten circles of Hell. As they descend through Hell the reader learns about the 10 circles. The deeper in Hell the worse your sin is considered. The sins that represented the circles included lust, gluttony, greed, anger, heresy and more. The reader also learns that the punishment a soul in Hell receives is tailored to the sin they committed. For example fortune tellers have their heads placed on backwards so they cannot see what lay ahead. Heretics are buried in tombs that burn forever. Lastly Dante...
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...(a + b)2 - (a - b)2 = 2(a2 + b2 ). 12.If a + b +c =0, then a3 + b3 + c3 = 3 abc . INDICES AND SURDS m n mn (ab)m = a m b m am 1. am an = am + n 2. = a m − n . 3. (a ) = a . 4. . an m am −m = 1 a 5. = . 6. a 0 = 1, a ≠ 0 . 7. a . 8. a x = a y ⇒ x = y m am b b 9. a x = b x ⇒ a = b 10. a ± 2 b = x ± y , where x + y = a and xy = b. S B SATHYANARAYANA M. Sc., M.I.E ., M Phil . 9481477536 2 LOGARITHMS a x = m ⇒ log m = x (a > 0 and a ≠ 1) a 1. loga mn = logm + logn. m 2. loga = logm – logn. n 3. loga mn = n logm. log a 4. logba = . log b 5. logaa = 1. 6. loga1 = 0. 1 7. logba = . log a b 8. loga1= 0. 9. log (m +n) ≠ logm +logn. 10. e logx = x. 11. logaax = x. PROGRESSIONS ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION a, a + d,...
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...After reading through Genesis 1-11, it become apparent that the natural world was created by the all might God for man to enjoy, and throughout history, mankind has an inclination to stray from God’s plan to follow their own. This straying would inevitably result in man’s depravity and consequences from God himself. From the start of Genesis we see a progression of mankind’s morality drifting further and further from God. Man strays so far down the path of evil that God Himself regrets the world he created (Genesis 6:6-7). Ever since Adam and Eve disobeyed God’s first commandment, His creation has been plunged into darkness, and the natural order of the world has been turned upside down. When one reads through the first eleven chapters of...
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...There is one common abbreviation which may cause confusion: c7 - refers to C dominant 7th. This is by far the most common kind of 7th chord, which is why it is standard practice to use the shortest abbrevation. Cmaj7 or sometimes CM7 (with a capital M) refers to the Major 7th chord. Cmin7 or sometimes Cm7 (with a lower case m) refers to the Minor 7th chord. A similar short hand is used for 9ths and other extended chords. DINAMICA DEL PIANO * pp (pianissimo): Muy Suave. * p (piano): ‘suave’. * mp (mezzo piano): ‘poco suave’ (o sea ‘no tan suave’). Se usa más en obras orquestales. * mf (mezzo forte): ‘poco fuerte’. * f (forte): ‘fuerte’. * ff (fortissimo): ‘muy fuerte’. Para indicar graduaciones más extremas de intensidad del sonido, se agregan más pes o más efes. Con bastante frecuencia en las partituras orquestales se encuentra la notación ppp o fff * ppp (pianissimo piano, «tres pe», triple piano o pianississimo). ‘Suavísimo suave’, el sonido más suave posible. * fff (fortissimo forte, «tres efe», triple forte o fortississimo). Cambios graduales Existen palabras que se usan para indicar cambios progresivos de intensidad del sonido. Los dos más comunes son * cresc.: crescendo (‘creciendo’, aumentando gradualmente la intensidad sonora). * dim.: diminuendo (‘disminuyendo’ gradualmente la intensidad sonora). * decresc.: decrescendo (‘decreciendo’), menos usado. Términos que indican cambios de dinámica * al...
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...UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level MATHEMATICS Paper 1 Pure Mathematics 1 (P1) 9709/12 May/June 2013 1 hour 45 minutes Additional Materials: Answer Booklet/Paper Graph Paper List of Formulae (MF9) *2740852128* READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer all the questions. Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question. The use of an electronic calculator is expected, where appropriate. You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total number of marks for this paper is 75. Questions carrying smaller numbers of marks are printed earlier in the paper, and questions carrying larger numbers of marks later in the paper. This document consists of 4 printed pages. JC13 06_9709_12/FP © UCLES 2013 [Turn over 2 1 A curve is such that dy 6...
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...examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total number of marks for this paper is 75. Questions carrying smaller numbers of marks are printed earlier in the paper, and questions carrying larger numbers of marks later in the paper. The use of an electronic calculator is expected, where appropriate. You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers. This document consists of 3 printed pages and 1 blank page. © UCLES 2004 [Turn over 2 1 Find the coefficient of x in the expansion of 3x − 2 x 5 . [4] 2 Find (i) the sum of the first ten terms of the geometric progression 81, 54, 36, . . . , (ii) the sum of all the terms in the arithmetic progression 180, 175, 170, . . . , 25. [3] [3] 3 In the diagram, AC is an arc of a circle, centre O and radius 6 cm. The line...
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...the subtle aspects and details of tone and mood. The two films being compared are Out of the Past and Sin City. Out of the Past was filmed in 1947 and directed by Jacques Tourneur. It is a superb example of film noir due to its convoluted dreamlike storyline and the impressive chiaroscuro cinematography. It has since, been added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed “culturally, historically or aesthetically significant” in 1991. Sin City on the other hand is a 2005 neo-noir film produced and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez. The former being an actual film from Hollywood’s most celebrated but relatively unknown era in filmography, differs vastly from that of Sin City but at the same time drawing similarities in comparison generated from the various aspects of film noir. This will be further analyzed by comparing the two films to what film noir is comprised of. Looking back into the history of film noir and why it was deemed so important, there were four catalytic elements that could define the technique and the distinct trait of noir drew from them. War and post war disillusionments, post war realism, the German influence and the hardboiled traditions. Out of the Past was heavily based around these elements as it was of that time period whereas Sin City made only a few years back, had no direct relation with such elements. However, Sin City still retained many similarities, as they are two films of the same filmography technique and style...
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...#2. Chs. 1:18-3:20 Sin We're damned! Paul takes time to help us see that mankind is worthy of the wrath of God. The ignorance of man is displayed in the supressing of the simple and plain truth that God is real and he has a righeous design(decreee) for this world. This is a section addressed to the Gentiles of the world. The wrath of God is on it's way, and this section shows us why. So yeah, the prolouge is done, and everyone of Paul's readers should be nice and prepared as he uses this section to completely floor them with the revelatio of the sin inside of them. The Gospel in ways is similar to medical care. If the patient doesn't know his state of decaying health, he won't understand why he needs to see a doctor. Paul explains to the Romans...
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...is leading the entire society. It's a dystopian sci-fi novella set in the future when mankind has entered another dark age as a result of the evils of society. She introduces a boy named Equality 7-2521 who is disobedient to the Council of Vocations and experiences self-growth and freedom. Disobedience is an act of courage, necessary for the individual to fight against the unreasonable demands of authority. Fromm writes, “Human history began with an act of disobedience, and it is not unlikely that it will be, terminated by an act of obedience,” supporting his statement that obedience might as well “cause the end of human history.” He uses religious and mythological figures to demonstrate disobedience being the foundation to human progression. “Human history was ushered in by an act of disobedience according to the Hebrew and Greek myths,” says Fromm. This is relative to Adam and Eve disobeying the order and then being forced to leave the Garden of Eden. Adam and Eve’s “act of disobedience broke the primary bond with nature and made them individuals.” Prometheus’s...
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...Comparison 1 The image on the left is of ‘The Parthenon, Acropolis’, a Pantelic marble structure, dating between 447 and 432 BCE, Ancient Greece. The original building on the site was built as an offering in honor of the Greek goddess Athena built in 490 BCE but destroyed in the Persian invasion of 480BCE. However in 447 BCE, Perikles commissioned a much grander and larger temple to be built over the existing foundation. The image to the right is of the ‘Hagia Sophia’, dated between 532-537, Byzantine Period. In a similar way to the Parthenon the Hagia Sophia was built over an existing fourth-century church that had been destroyed during the Nika Revolt in 532. An apparent similarity between both the places of prayer is that they were both aesthetically magnificent and groundbreaking works of art at the time, and are respectively one of the greatest examples of Greek and Byzantine architecture at it’s best. The building of the Parthenon required extraordinary skills of all forms -mathematical, mechanical, architectural, sculptural, and the culmination of this skill resulted in a beautifully harmonious monument. The Hagia Sophia was also planned and developed by the best scholar-theoreticians of the time who managed to...
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...After forming relations with some of the Native Americans they once considered savages, they learned how to hunt for food, plant crops, and start thriving off the land. The population increased, sickness went away, and they even began to trade fur with the Europeans although it was not very profitable. Though they were beginning to makes strides of success in their growing colony, there was still much turmoil in their community. Since their colony exercised great religious tolerance, it eventually became a breeding ground for sin. Bradford, who had been governor for some time now, described the battles he faced at every turn. There were issues regarding how to adequately enforce the laws, problems determining how the government would be properly ran, and coexisting amongst ungodly people. More importantly, Bradford’s mention of the “youth whose name is Thomas Granger” who was “detected (and indicted) for buggery” (p. 474-475) with various mammals paints a very vivid picture that their colony was essentially a petri dish for ungodliness. Bradford probably thought he was living in modern day Sodom and Gomorrah. The disgust he portrayed in writing these events only shined light on some of the overwhelming challenges that they faced within their community over the...
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...4-Mat Review 4- MAT Review 2: Psychology, Theology and Spirituality in Christian Counseling Liberty University Diane Jaynes McMinn, Ph.D., Mark R. Tyndale House Publishers, Inc. (2011) 4- MAT Review 1: Psychology, Theology and Spirituality in Christian Counseling Summary McMinn used psychology, theology and spirituality in the process of supporting individuals with improving distinctive facets of their lives. For a counselor to be effective, McMinn stated throughout the book that it is very imperative that the therapist be fervent and resilient within their personal piety. (McMinn, 2011) McMinn talks about the numerous defenses therapists need to take and he also discussed limitations that counselors face. It can be perplexing for Counselors to articulate their own spirituality when integrating it into their counseling session (McMinn, 2011). Therapist also feel that sharing their spirituality can also be difficult, for the reason that they may possibly feel unsure about their Bible knowledge (McMinn, 2011). And as a solution therapists will just not use anything from the Bible in their counseling sessions since the counselor surely does not want to muddy the waters any more for the individual or elucidate the meaning contrarily (McMinn, 2011). Guidance has been made available by McMinn to any therapist that desire to increase spirituality within their clients therapy sessions, and at the same time, increase their own spirituality (McMinn, 2011). When integrating Christianity...
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...derived from The Aeneid, the work is the most influential depiction of the afterlife. Although they are written over 1,400 years apart, the two works share many similarities in their views of death and the afterlife. In both works, the Underworld is structured with souls separated into good, evil, and neutral sectors based on their actions during life. Dante’s hell, however, is much more clearly defined compared to Vergil’s broad categories, with physical barriers separating the different circles of hell. In Inferno, hell is segmented into circles based upon the sins of incontinence, violence, fraud, and betrayal, which are further subdivided into sections that map the seven deadly sins: gluttony, wrath, sloth, avarice, lust, envy, and pride. The weight of the sin is also considered: the closer to the core of Hell, the eviler the sin. In Vergil’s underworld, the souls are not categorized based on the weight of their sins. However, they are still placed in hell because of violations of his society’s ethical code. The cheaters, hoarders, adulterers, and betrayers in Vergil’s hell are the forebears of the categories Dante uses to divide his Hell. The defined separation of the sinners in Dante’s hell is reflective of the Christian Church, which held great social power during the Middle Ages. Compared to Vergil’s society, the Church of Dante’s time had a much more severe view on...
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...Progress Does Not Always Lead to a Better Life Life, in the primitive sense of the word, means moving through time towards inevitable death. Progression, by definition, means development towards a destination or more advanced state. Life in the emotional aspect explores love, and with love there will always be shortcomings and complexities. Progression, life, destruction, and love are themes in the short story Mule Killers by Lydia Peelle. The short story is a story within a story, and it is first person narration from the point of view of a son retelling the story of his father and his grandfather. The story thereby tells the stories of three different generations of men. The setting is in Nashville Tennessee, the time period is not certain but from the events and descriptions it appears to be during the brink of industrialization. The element of progress in Mule Killers is seen in the family’s life story, the father’s effort to reach adulthood, and - as a parallel story - industrialization; progress is portrayed not only in the stories of the father and grandfather but also in the depiction of the development of the society. In the very beginning, it is clear that the main character’s father has a hard time time coping with his emotions, particularly his immaturity, and striving to progress to a stable future. In the first paragraph where the author introduces the character, the son’s father, he describes him as: “my father has his father’s height, and he carries it...
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...Sonia Del Hierro Ethics 10/29/2012 The Screwtape Letters C.S. Lewis’s novel is about a man who finds happiness and meaning in life through Christianity, and, in the end, gains salvation and the presence of God upon his soul. And yet, Lewis tells this story as if it ends terribly and only gets worse from the beginning. Screwtape, a wise, elder demon corresponds, in thirty-one letters, with his young apprentice nephew, Wormwood; he gives him advice about how to go about stealing the soul of a British man from his first conversion to his redemption. Lewis raises major ethical points by fleshing out the mistakes and every day succumbing to sin of Christians. Lewis gives more than a few examples of this ordinary everyday Christian man giving into the temptation of sin, without even knowing it; thus, giving an extremely real insight to the reader’s own life and the decisions they, themselves, make. From judging people based off looks in his second letter to praying in his third letter to worrying about the future in his fifteenth letter, Screwtape endorses the very things the reader recognizes in his or her own actions in a scary, ‘is-there-a-demon-behind-me’ kind of way. Lewis points out major flaws in the Church on several different occasions, but one in which the “Church of England might have become a positive hotbed of charity and humility” (85) had it not been for the demons’ relentless labor to oppose such outcomes. Screwtape tells Wormwood that if he cannot keep his...
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