...Table of Contents Partial table of contents: Carbon Compounds and Chemical Bonds. Representative Carbon Compounds. An Introduction to Organic Reactions: Acids and Bases. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Conformations of Molecules. Stereochemistry: Chiral Molecules. Alkenes and Alkynes I: Properties and Synthesis. Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions. Radical Reactions. Alcohols and Ethers. Conjugated Unsaturated Systems. Aromatic Compounds. Reactions of Aromatic Compounds. Aldehydes and Ketones I: Nucleophilic Additions to the Carbonyl Group. Aldehydes and Ketones II: Aldol Reactions. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives: Nucleophilic Substitution at the Acyl Carbon. Amines. Carbohydrates. Lipids. Answers to Selected Problems. Glossary. Index. Solomons/Advices ADVICES FOR STUDYING ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1. Keep up with your studying day to day –– never let yourself get behind, or better yet, be a little ahead of your instructor. Organic chemistry is a course in which one idea almost always builds on another that has gone before. 2. Study materials in small units, and be sure that you understand each new section before you go on to the next. Because of the cumulative nature of organic chemistry, your studying will be much more effective if you take each new idea as it comes and try to understand it completely before you move onto the nest concept. 3. Work all of the in-chapter and assigned problems. 4. Write when you study. over and over again. Write the reactions, mechanisms...
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...Introduction The transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions such as Negishi,1 Heck,2 Suzuki-Miyaura,3 Stille,4 Kumada,5 Hiyama,6 and Sonogashira7 are extremely powerful tools for making C−C bonds. These methods have been extensively used in wide range of academic areas including material product synthesis, materials science, medicinal, biological, supramolecular chemistry, catalysis and coordination chemistry. Some of these reactions are also useful in pharmaceutical, agrochemical and fine chemical industries.8 Among these powerful transformations, the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling (Scheme 1) (defined as transition-metal catalyzed cross-coupling between an organoboron compound and an organic halide or pseudo halide) is the most widely applied transition-metal catalyzed C−C bond forming reaction since its discovery in 1979.9 Scheme 1. Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Suzuki reaction has become the most attractive approach for C−C bond formation due to many reasons. Firstly, the mild reaction conditions and broad functional group tolerance of this transformation. Secondly, the use of organoboron reagents has many advantages such as they are inexpensive, some are thermally stable and inert to water and oxygen, thus easy to handle (industry), they transmetallate with a variety of metal compounds under exceptionally mild reaction conditions, low toxicity, good availability of diverse organoboron reagent and easy separation of boron containing by-products from the reaction...
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...| | |Assumptions | | | |Please note that a number of assumptions have been made in response to this assignment. These include the size of the Belcher | |Rollins business and its operations, its international locations, its listings on international stock markets and its | |financial reporting process. Assumptions have also been made about the product development process and pricing. All of these| |are as realistic as possible, having been established through detailed research of the current market leader, Reed Elsevier, | |and its major competitors. | | | |As InScope is directly comparable to the Reed Elsevier ‘Scopus’ product, it has also been assumed that Scopus does not exist | |at time of the InScope launch. | INSCOPE: A NEW GENERATION OF RESEARCH PR PLAN...
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...Organic Chemistry Second Edition The INSTANT NOTES series Series Editor: B.D. Hames School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK Animal Biology 2nd edition Biochemistry 2nd edition Bioinformatics Chemistry for Biologists 2nd edition Developmental Biology Ecology 2nd edition Immunology 2nd edition Genetics 2nd edition Microbiology 2nd edition Molecular Biology 2nd edition Neuroscience Plant Biology Chemistry series Consulting Editor: Howard Stanbury Analytical Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 2nd edition Medicinal Chemistry Organic Chemistry 2nd edition Physical Chemistry Psychology series Sub-series Editor: Hugh Wagner Dept of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK Psychology Forthcoming titles Cognitive Psychology Physiological Psychology Organic Chemistry Second Edition G. L. Patrick Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Paisley University, Paisley, Scotland This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. "To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge's collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore. tandf.co.uk.” © Garland Science/BIOS Scientific Publishers, 2004 First published 2000 Second edition published 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0-203-42761-0 Master e-book...
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...www.hbrreprints.org BEST OF HBR Using the Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management System by Robert S. Kaplan and David P Norton . • Included with this full-text Harvard Business Review article: 1 Article Summary The Idea in Brief—the core idea The Idea in Practice—putting the idea to work 2 Using the Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management System 14 Further Reading A list of related materials, with annotations to guide further exploration of the article’s ideas and applications Reprint R0707M BEST OF HBR Using the Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management System The Idea in Brief The Idea in Practice Why do budgets often bear little direct relation to a company’s long-term strategic objectives? Because they don’t take enough into consideration. A balanced scorecard augments traditional financial measures with benchmarks for performance in three key nonfinancial areas: The balanced scorecard relies on four processes to bind short-term activities to long-term objectives: • a company’s relationship with its customers • its key internal processes • its learning and growth. COPYRIGHT © 2005 HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. When performance measures for these areas are added to the financial metrics, the result is not only a broader perspective on the company’s health and activities, it’s also a powerful organizing framework. A sophisticated instrument panel for coordinating ...
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...Surname Centre Number Candidate Signature Other Names Candidate Number Leave blank General Certificate of Education January 2006 Advanced Subsidiary Examination CHEMISTRY Unit 3(a) Introduction to Organic Chemistry Wednesday 11 January 2006 9.00 am to 10.00 am CHM3/W For this paper you must have G a calculator. For Examiner’s Use Number Mark Number Mark Time allowed: 1 hour Instructions G Use blue or black ink or ball-point pen. G Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. G Answer all questions. G Answer questions in Section A and Section B in the spaces provided. G All working must be shown. G Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want marked. G The Periodic Table/Data Sheet is provided on pages 3 and 4. Detach this perforated sheet at the start of the examination. Information G The maximum mark for this paper is 60. G The marks for questions are shown in brackets. G This paper carries 25 per cent of the total marks for AS. For 1 Advanced Level this paper carries 12 2 per cent of the total marks. G You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate. G The following data may be required. Gas constant R = 8.31 J K–1 mol–1 G Your answers to the question in Section B should be written in continuous prose, where appropriate. G You will be assessed on your ability to use an appropriate form and style of writing, to organise relevant information clearly and coherently, and to use specialist vocabulary, where appropriate. Advice G You are advised...
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...Budgeting and Control MHRM 502-2 Supported Distance Program June 2015 Addis Ababa Table of Contents Title Page Unit One: Overview of Budgeting and Control .............................................................................. 2 1.1. The Basic Concepts of Budget and Budgeting ................................................................ 2 1.2. Definition of Budget ........................................................................................................ 3 1.3. Budgeting and Forecasting .............................................................................................. 4 1.4. Budgeting and Management ............................................................................................ 6 1.5. Budgeting and Planning ................................................................................................... 6 1.5.1 Purposes of Planning and Budgeting systems ................................................................. 7 1.5.2 Limitation of Budgeting................................................................................................. 10 1.5.3 Planning Cycles ............................................................................................................. 11 1.6. Budgeting process (Budget cycle) ................................................................................. 14 1.6.1 Designing the budget ...............................................................................
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...Page 1 – ASIA PACIFIC 2012 Copyright © ESOMAR 2012 “SO MANY DIFFERENT SUNS” HOW SUCCESSFUL BRANDS HIT THE CONFLUX OF AFFORDABILITY AND ASPIRATION Shobha Prasad • Sangeeta Gupta INTRODUCTION All of us are familiar with the current industry focus on emerging markets. It is also no surprise that the larger consuming population in these markets lies not at the top end, but towards the middle and lower ends of the income pyramid. This is also where marketers struggle the most – how should the offer be constructed to ensure it is affordable yet desirable? The proposed Theory of Multiple Aspiration & Poverty Lines (MAPL) represented a new and stratified approach to understanding affluence, poverty and aspiration. This has many implications on brand positioning and portfolio strategies for creation of winning brands or “suns”. Objective The objective of this paper was to take this thinking forward through an exploration as follows: Broadly, what are the implications of the Multiple Aspiration & Poverty Lines (MAPL) theory for brand positioning, communication and portfolio management? What drives brand success in the Indian context? What strategies have these brands used to achieve success- to what degree are these brands wedded to symbols of aspiration /belongingness in each social class? How did the brands that were not so successful in the Indian market falter on making the right connections on these dimensions? Approach We identified product categories through which...
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...lic o yp t ec ot tive pr pec t s st n o em ti un xa idy ta ubs s c e l se w s po ket ies ar eg e m at g str ad y c s tr gin te er ra oli ver ersment n of emorpo m l p o rg ploy xatio ts ke e cl er ers n m lder p yme u ns keho plo a co n io t fla in g lin r e ng hao a ke c eed c a m fis t objectives t fr d men aims an ic environnment m econo enviro ment social nviron ange h legal e e em un ta of c causes ship leader g and proc hange g for c ess entin implem ing change s manag decision plannin rship exch st rates intere tives objecg markets in g emerg tion inflaange rates cto phic fa nemp subsid taxa hea u n envirot l M e ade s on na a n gi ra demog al dec politic ow ons er su n c C change i nfl subunemployateion men si m nt t re gula dy tio p an h envir social u lea ence ns d s fisc ersh al p i olic p y ge leade e cultur nt onme leg al inte stra rnal c teg au infl ic decisio ses enviro n missio tec al envir ecisio nt ra hno onm ns logi ent po cal or c strategi es influenc ent nm han ic envi gic lega ge a aim ron men l p l stra enviro roces t nm te soc tegic e s i d ic om on ec cy ure env ct iron e m bj lead iron en pla nni ersh ment t nd o tech...
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...MANAGING CORE RISKS IN BANKING: CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT Industry Best Practices BANGLADESH BANK CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT Industry Best Practices PREPARED FOR: BANGLADESH BANK PREPARED BY: FOCUS GROUP ON CREDIT & RISK MANAGEMENT Team Co-ordinator: Team Members: Sudhir Chandra Das Ali Reza Iftekhar Niaz Habib A.G. Sarwar Brian J. McGuire Naser Ezaz Bijoy Page 2 INTRODUCTION: Risk is inherent in all aspects of a commercial operation, however for Banks and financial institutions, credit risk is an essential factor that needs to be managed. Credit risk is the possibility that a borrower or counter party will fail to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed terms. Credit risk, therefore, arises from the bank’s dealings with or lending to corporates, individuals, and other banks or financial institutions. Credit risk management needs to be a robust process that enables banks to proactively manage loan portfolios in order to minimize losses and earn an acceptable level of return for shareholders. Central to this is a comprehensive IT system, which should have the ability to capture all key customer data, risk management and transaction information including trade & Forex. Given the fast changing, dynamic global economy and the increasing pressure of globalization, liberalization, consolidation and dis- intermediation, it is essential that banks have robust credit risk management policies and procedures that are sensitive and responsive to these changes...
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...JO I N N O W ! SEARCH Adv anced search Search Coursew ork .info You a re he re : Universit y > Business and Adm inist rat iv e st udies > Finance > R.J. Reynolds I nt er nat ional Financing ( HBS 9- 287- 057) . N O M ORE BRAI N FREEZE - j ust love ly ide a s j uice ! W e 've got 1 ,4 6 2 GCSE Gr e e n Pla n t s a s Or ga n ism s Essa ys on lin e r ig h t n ow t o in sp ir e you St udy t he w ork of t he bright est st u den t s in t h e u k , a ll for le ss t h a n 1 7 p a da y. Accoun t ing ( 513 Essays) Econom ics (1,080 Essays) Fina nce ( 1, 083 Essays) H um a n Re sour ce M a na ge m e nt ( 1,012 Essays) M a na ge m e nt St udie s ( 1, 723 Essays) - I n t e r n a t ion a l Fin a n cia l R.J. Rey nolds I nt er nat ional Financing ( HBS 9- 287- 057) The case is set in t he cont ext of RJR’s 1985 financing of it s $4.9 billion acquisit ion of Nabisco Brands I nc. To finance t he acquisit ion, RJR was pr oposing t he issue of $1.2 billion of 12 year not es and t he sam e am ount in pr efer r ed st ock . I t had alr eady funded $1.5 billion of t he acquisit ion leav ing $1 billion m or e t o finance. Challenges facing RJR: Of t he $1.5 billion t hat had been funded, $500 m illion cam e from cash and t he r em aining was t hr ough bank bor r owings and com m er cial paper. These borrow ings added t o t he debt t hat RJR had issued in 1984 and br ought t heir debt rat ings dow n t o A. The r em aining $1 billion financing w ould hav e t o k eep t his...
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...by 'H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, show two strong infrared absorption bands in the 17001800-cm-' range. The first band (1740 cm-') is assigned to the ester carbonyl while we attribute the second one (1765 cm-' for 6a and 1760 cm-l for 6b) to the amide carbonyl. These abnormal high values for an amide band reveal, in accordance with Bredt's rule, an important inhibition of the N-C=O resonance in these N-bridgehead lactams." On the other hand, ' NMR spectra of the crude maH terials obtained from diesters 4c,d at 390-400 "C showed the characteristic signals of a terminal vinyl group suggesting that an elimination reaction follows or competes with the [1,4] migration. Flash column chromatography of the mixture resulting from the thermolysis of the piperidine derivative 4c afforded besides the pyrazolinone 6c12an isomeric N-alkenyl compound whose spectroscopic datal3support the hydroxy-bpyrazole structure 7c. The analogous elimination product 7d formed in lower yield (15% estimation on the basis of 'H NMR spectra) could not be isolated. Pyrazolinone 6c submitted to flow pyrolysis at 400 O C was recovered unchanged. Thus hydroxy-bpyrazoles 7c,d result from an intramolecular elimination reaction of ylides 5c,d (Scheme 111),either by a six-center mechanism involving the negative charge delocalized on the carbonyl oxygen (path a) or by a Cope-type elimination14 (path b) and subsequent isomerization (8 7) to the stable tautomer in aprotic media.ls We believe that the...
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... Name: DONARD O. CABANGON School: CALAUAG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Period of Research: SCHOOL YEAR 2015-2016 Proposed Action Research Title: USE OF ICT THROUGH VIDEO PRESENTATION: AN INTERVENTION IN TEACHING COOKERY IN CALAUAG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL I. Introduction: Teaching cookery among high students requires more time to facilitate the lessons and its activities. This is to comply to the K12 curriculum in senor high school in the TLE subject under the Technical Vocational Course with specialization in COOKERY. Having demonstrations in front of the students need ample time to prepare the...
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...CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY Breaking away from the shackles of ‘colonialism’ (British control) the oil rich Nigeria got her independence in 1960. Having being plagued by political instability, the negative impact of a prolonged military rule, corruption, unemployment, inadequate infrastructure and poor macroeconomic management for a long period of time, the nation currently undertakes certain reforms under a new reform minded administration. Prior to the present democratic rule, Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from its overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 20% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 80% of budgetary revenues. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth - Nigeria is Africa's most populous country - and the country, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. Following the signing of an IMF stand-by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt-restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion credit from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. Nigeria pulled out of its IMF program in April 2002, after failing to meet spending and exchange rate targets, making it ineligible for additional debt forgiveness from the Paris Club. In 2003, the government began deregulating fuel prices, announced the privatization of the country's four oil refineries, and instituted the National Economic...
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...Mindful Emotional Intelligence In College Students College students unusually face personal, socioeconomic and academic responsibilities that are often ignored (Barragán, Lewis, Palacios, 2007). Several studies show that psychological problems suffered by college students are related to anxiety disorders, stress and fear of being evaluated (Salanova, Breso, & Schaufeli, 2005). These emotions have a really important and transcendental role on student’s lifestyle, their way of interacting with their own reality and their everyday life. Likewise, the increase of college workload, lack of motivation, the feeling of failure, hopelessness about the future or a low concept of auto efficacy have increased frustration expectancies among students because nowadays a bachelor’s degree is not enough for young people to find a good job (Tejedor & García Valcárcel, 2007)....
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