...the century. (Peiss, Sexual Revolutions, p.405) The 1960s brought about a time when sex be came a more common place topic, and people where able to plan their families more easily. In the early part of the 1900s women became under scrutiny for their sexual practices. Many American women, as well as immigrants, were entering into prostitution in order to make ends meet. They received higher financial rewards as prostitutes than they would have if they had worked in factory of domestic jobs. (Peiss, Prostitution and Working-class sexuality in the Early Twentieth Century, p. 273) Some of the women were forced into sex slavery. They were often brought from abroad to work as sex slaves. The government launched an investigation into these practices, and determined said that most of these women were already living immoral lifestyles. It was not only happening abroad but within America as well. Many women who were prostitutes had to be very careful so to not become the victims of sexual slavery or violence. (Peiss, A Government Agent Explains the White Slave Traffic, 1911, p. 275) In this same time period most states had outlawed abortion. There were strict rules as to the types of contraception that women were able to use. The birthrate dropped significantly in the early part of the 20th century as more and more women began to seek methods of birth control. In 1910, activist Margaret Sanger began a campaign to change the laws that regarded birth control devices and information...
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...Birth Control: Availability to Teens. Many teenagers today are very sexually active and take the risk that comes with sexual intercourse. Education is our number once source in getting sexual information out to our teens: “We have got to start educating our teenagers by introducing the ABC's for sexual education. "A-abstinence; B-be faithful; C-latex condoms." (Rosenthal 113). A type of contraceptive, also called birth control, is to do just that: control birth. Teen and teen births are greatly rising over the years due to lack of education, contraceptives, and finances. Teenagers now days do not wait till a certain age to become sexually active, more and more teens are starting at a younger age. Whether they are having sex or engaging in another form of sexual activity. “The principle behind age-of-consent law is that teens below a certain age are not mature enough to make an intelligent decision about engaging in sexual activity. Twenty-six states set the age of consent for medical making decisions at twelve years of age, yet no state sets the age sexual consent at less than sixteen. Some states provide no provisions for sexual relations between teens of the same age, provided that they are older than twelve, but there is always a penalty if one of the partners is a certain number of years older. Teens are no better prepared to make decisions about their medical health; so then the school or other public authority should inform the parents. Supporters of the lower age...
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...Sexual Liberation Cassandra M. Gonzalez HIS/145 the American Experience Since 1945 Dr. William Frost OCT/10/2012 Sexual liberation The 1960’s in our history of the United States are often described today as the period of profound societal change. Attitudes to a variety of issues changed including changes towards sexual attitudes. This altered view towards sexual attitudes and behavior is often today referred to as the sexual revolution, also known as the time of sexual liberation. Many different political movements were all important components to this period in the sexual revolution, such as Feminists, gay rights campaigners, and hippies just to name a few. American’s during this era faced many controversial issues – from the civil rights, to the Vietnam War, and nuclear arms, and the time was ripe for change. This climate of change led many, particularly the young in significantly shifting social attitudes, behaviors and institutional regulations surrounding sexuality. The Birth of Contraceptives Sexual liberation was a social movement that challenged what society viewed as the sexual norm and typical gender roles. Sex became more socially accepted outside of monogamous, heterosexual marriages, and increased. The increase in acceptance of intercourse prior to marriage gave individuals more freedom. The year of 1962 many advances occurred that supported the freedom of being sexual active and not having to procreate: the first Birth Control pill went on the market...
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...Many people opposed the possession of birth control because they feared that women, especially young girls, would practice sexual activities before marriage. However, women would still find ways of getting a hold of some form on contraception, regardless of what people would say. For the first time in history, women had the decision to wait to have children or not. Birth control came as a liberator for women to have control over their decisions regarding readiness for child bearing. The birth control pill allowed married women to plan and space children to, allowing them the ability to plan for careers and other educational opportunities. This lead women to obtain increased equality in their marriage. The pill did not unleash a sexual revolution, instead, it allowed women to increase their enjoyment of married life. Young women were not persuaded to take the pill, which some people believed that it did and eventually create a sexual revolution. People were wrong about this assumption because young girls began to take the pill after they were regularly having sexual relations, not before. Since the trend towards sexual freedom began so gradually, and given that most women did not use the birth control pill for their first sexual encounter, it makes little sense to say that the pill caused a sexual revolution (The Clayman...
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...Isabella Tugman Dr. Carano English 225 14 February 2009 England 1945-1970: Rebellion and Revolution The period of time from 1945 to 1979 marks an age of sexual and cultural revolution in Great Britain. England, run by a holy monarchy formerly outfitted with a pompous attitude of status and mannerisms, as of 1945 would be defied by its youth. Immigrants flocked to England, laws enabling sexual freedom were passed in Parliament, new and absurd fashions mocked tradition, and music was played in rebellion. England was no longer to be ruled by the upper class; the working class began its reign. Social groups broke out and took on new identities, much to the dismay of traditional Old Englanders. As David Christopher stated in British Culture: an Introduction, England was about to become “a multi-ethnic country with a plurality of identities and heritages” (1). England was regarded internationally as a place of high desire at this time; people of all races flocked to England to chase dreams of education and success. An educated Englishman, in their minds, had superior status, so they sought to become educated in England themselves. Such is the case with the man who came to visit Adah’s village in Second Class Citizen. Buchi Emecheta wrote of Adah’s dream; “She made a secret vow to herself that she would go to this United Kingdom one day. Her arrival would be the pinnacle of her ambition” (16). However, the arrival of new cultures was met with disapproval from the traditional...
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...Social Issues-Part 1 Elizabeth Putman Professor Beshah, PH D Sociology 101 January 24, 2012 How society defines sexuality. People commonly think of sex as sexual activities. Sexuality means much more this. Human sexuality comprises a broad range of behaviors and processes, including those of the physiological, psychological, social, cultural, political, philosophical, ethical, moral, theological, legal and spiritual or religious aspects. Sexuality includes: * Values regarding relationships, dating, marriage, sexual ethnics, sexual culture. * Psychology in relation to gender, sexual role * Physical factors such as sexual characteristics, sexual drive, sexual intercourse, sexual activities. * Sexual orientation, that is heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual. Describe the social category (ies) that may be affected by the social issue. A child’s sex is determined at the time of conception. Unfortunately, at the time of birth your gender will guide your life. From ancient Roman days, women have been known as the weaker and more inferior sex. If you were born a woman, you were a creature of inequality. Women have suffered through history fighting for their rights. In 1848, Elizabeth Cady Stanton drafted the first women’s rights movement, “The Declaration of Sentiments.” In this document she demanded equality with men before the law, in education and employment. Here, too, was the first pronouncement demanding that women be given the right to...
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...1960 Time Capsule Vickie Canzenza Kaplan University The first of the five items that were found in the 1960 time capsule was a newspaper with “Kennedy Assassinated” on the first page. http://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/from-the-archive-blog/2011/nov/22/jfk-assassination-tragedy-world-archive Late in his brief term of a thousand days, Kennedy took up the civil rights issue because of the increased in violence in some of the southern states. He called for increased federal power so that voting rights could be enforced. The major civil rights acts included public accommodations opening and an end to job discrimination. (Salem, 2009) After the Bay of Pigs incident he became “hard line,” by appointing militant anticommunists such as John McCone as CIA director and General Curtis LeMay as commander of the Air Force. He also insisted that western powers remain in West Berlin. (Salem, 2009) The major event of Kennedy’s foreign policy arose in 1962, when Khrushchev tried to establish nuclear missiles in Cuba. Kennedy used information and ideas from his task force and his advisers and blockaded Cuba and to threaten Khrushchev, Khrushchev then withdrew the missiles. (Salem, 2009) He was interested in “peace as a process,” and in 1963, the United States and the Soviet Union ended the nuclear threat. Kennedy listened to advisers who insisted that the United States should send troops to Vietnam to show the South Vietnamese army how to fight, even though skeptical, Kennedy...
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...Until the sexual revolution of the 1960's, women were the victims of a strict double standard; single men had freedom to be promiscuous but women did not. This double standard revolved around the risk of pregnancy for women that men obviously did not have concern for. One of the main events that triggered the revolution that changed women's sexual freedom was an oral contraceptive, also known as "the pill". This new effective form of birth control changed many major aspects of society including women's freedom, social morality, and informed consent on prescription medications. Women's Freedom The birth control pill was developed in the 1950's but the FDA approved it to be released to the public in 1960. (1) The release of the pill was "welcomed by [the] generation" of young women because of the freedom it gave them; they could do whatever they pleased without the high risk of pregnancy. (2) The freedom to control contraception allowed women freedom of dependence on men and to pursue careers because they could control when they had children. After being distributed for two years, 1.2 million women took the pill every day. (3) Before the it was available, men had a significant advantage over women in the workforce because women had the risk of becoming pregnant. Also, women did not have control over when or how often they became pregnant. So many women used the pill to pursue a career and achieve new goals. This freedom leveled the playing field between men and women in the...
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...The 1960s to the 1980s were known as the “Sexual Revolution.” This is where we see a drastic spike in the number of people engaging in premarital sex (usually with several partners). There wasn’t much of a difference in the dating world at this point, but we start to see the roots of the modern "Hookup" culture during this era. In 1960, the first oral contraceptive pill was marketed in the United States. This definitely contributed to the rise in premarital sexual encounters due to of its minimal risk of failure. Lyndon B. Johnson even endorsed the use of the birth control pill. There were a series of studies done by M. Zelnik and J.F. Kantner in which they followed cohorts of young women aged fifteen through nineteen, and surveyed them...
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...impact on the social constituents of structure. Because the social constituents should live within the social structure, they obviously are influenced by the systemic factors. Thus, systemic factors have an underlying linkage with personal behaviors. Systemic factors, such as education, poverty, and economic change, strongly influence on an individual’s behaviors such as teen pregnancy and substance abuse. Education, poverty, and economic changes are systemic factors that have created major shifts in general behaviors of teen pregnancy. According to the article “After the Sexual Revolution,” some factors contribute to these shifts: success of abstinent education, positive effect of comprehensive sex education cultural backlash against sexual revolution, fear of disease. Nationwide in 2007, 47.8% of high school students had ever had sexual intercourse during their life. Overall, prevalence of having had sexual intercourse was higher among African American and Hispanic than white students, and higher among African American than Hispanic students, according to the data of National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. This statistic indicates that the...
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...rhythm method was popular. However, such methods were not always effective, and men and women wanted a way other than abstinence to limit the amount of children in their family. Thus, the birth control pill was developed in the 1950s and approved by the FDA for contraceptive use in 1960. Although birth control is a controversial topic, millions of women use oral contraceptive, and its effects on society are...
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...advancements in technology, humans can now use contraceptives to enjoy the pleasures of intercourse without the repercussions of having a child. The birth control (BC) pill, an important form of contraceptive, deserves to be in next year’s global science and technology exhibition at the Canadian Museum of History. The Canadian Museum of History, formerly known as the Canadian Museum of Civilization, has many exhibitions that showcase important items that have changed the thought and progression of mankind. Their mandate includes the Canadian Museum of History Act, which states that the museum is to “enhance Canadian’s knowledge, understanding, and appreciation...
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...All women and men should have control over if and when they become parents. Making decisions about birth control, or contraception is not easy - there are many things to think about. Learning about birth control methods you or your partner can use to prevent pregnancy and talking with your health care provider are two good ways to get started. There is no "best" method of birth control. Each method has its own pros and cons. Some methods work better than others do at preventing pregnancy. The birth control method you choose should take into account: your overall health, how often you have sex, the number of sexual partners you have, if you want to have children, how well each method works, any potential side effects, and your comfort level with using the method. Let’s take a look at Contraceptive Pill. It was invented in 1960 and led to a revolution in the history of contraception by enabling women to control their menstrual cycle. Some fifty years later, after many new inventions were added to the list of contraception methods, the pill remains the main form of female contraception. The advantages of using the Pill is that: It’s very effective against pregnancy if used correctly, menstrual periods are more regular and lighter, it decreases menstrual cramps and acne, you are less likely to get ovarian and uterine cancer, pelvic inflammatory disease, ovarian cysts, and anemia. And it doesn’t interrupt lovemaking. The disadvantages of using the Pill are the cost or...
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...Sexuality has became a form of personal identity over the course of history. Something that people were not allowed to talk about in the past has transformed with time and made American culture the most sexually open-minded nation. Sexual expression and repression are the influences and forces that directed the history of sexuality to what we have today. While sexual expression was a natural social desire of greater individual freedom, repression was a power of the Church or Government against sexual elements in the American society. We entered the 20th century with women being more independent and educated. Women also gained access to sports, which made a way of socializing and seeking for a more fun lifestyle. No one would even think back then that the beginning of the century, such as early 20s, was the first biggest sexual expression that has set the pace for its further development, and that pace was pretty fast. As the century started, American men came back home from the WWI. During the war, the Government was aware that soldiers had sex yet had no repression against it. Despite the warnings about venereal deceases, unprotected sex for soldiers resulted in millions of lost lives because there was no medical cure. Sex during the war mostly happen with prostitutes from Europe, and those men who survived the war, came back home with new knowledge about sex. This knowledge together with other changes in American history, launched the early 20s known as “roaring 20s”. ...
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...science and manufacturing and the introduction of taylorism in the factories and working areas. Both in Brave New World and We the idea of taylorism is carried to the extreme, not only being applied to the place of work and production but also to free time or even to sexuality. In both works we see that there is a similar idea of elimination of affective ties among people staying the sexual practice only as a form of entertainment in which partners can be easily replaced via either a request of a different person, as it is in We or just by a sexual practice with any other person, as it is in the case of Brave New World. Although sex continues to maintain its reproductive function in Zamiatin’s work, the children do not belong to their parents anymore, nor does the concept of “family” exists. In Brave New World the vision of sexuality is carried to the extreme being the normal procreation completely eradicated from the society being replaced by an artificial reproductive technology and...
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