...Emma Briger AP U.S. History Ms. Phillips 21 March 2017 The Influenza Epidemic of 1919: America’s Determined Fight to Contain, Prevent, and Cure In 1919, more soldiers died from a fatal flu than the number of soldiers who had died in World War I (MacFarlan). After World War I, from 1919 to 1920, a life-threatening flu spread around the United States of America. As the Influenza of 1919 spread across the United States, American people worked hard to contain the flu. Some of these actions to stop of the growth of the influenza were successful, while others were not as successful. The United States worked very hard during the Flu Epidemic of 1919 in order to try to contain the influenza, using both medicinal cures and by changing public health...
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...not let their waste go into the water just in case there was something on the boat. The men on the boat worked on the ship but mistakenly let the bowl go so all of the ship’s waste was let out. Unknowingly, they let out a deadly disease called Yellow fever. With this area being surrounded by water and it being its main resource, the disease spread like wild fire. The host for this disease was a mosquito that carried the disease, Aedes aegypti. The mosquito lived in the water in every feature of the boat. Since the boat was going to New York, the city was informed about the disease and New York declared this area infected and would let the boat come to their port. The town council of the Metropolitan area banned anyone in the area from coming to the North Carolina area in fear of spreading the disease. The epidemic got so bad that the people started to go crazy. They burned the quarantine houses and neglected all the infected people in fear of getting the disease themselves. Some of the symptoms were headaches, backaches, fever, black vomit, etc. One out of three people were dying. Coffins were scarce because people were dying so often. People started to roll the bodies up in carpets. The mortality rate got so bad, bodies were being laid out on top of each other in...
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...Memphis and the 1878 Yellow Fever Epidemic. Executive Summary:.. The Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1878 had a destructive effect on Memphis, Tennessee. The death and destruction resulting from “Yellow Jack” reduced Memphis from a thriving city, all but immune to the effects of the Civil War and Reconstruction, to a charterless tax district run by the State of Tennessee (Baker, 1968). The 1878 epidemic was not the city’s first experience with the fever, but it was by far the most devastating. Adding to the general effects of the epidemic were the failures of the city’s government to keep Memphis financially solvent and physically sanitary. Growing distrust among the citizens of Memphis toward their municipal government, local newspapers, and doctors added to the chaos the epidemic brought to Memphis. Volunteer agencies formed a proxy government in the city that managed the epidemic and spearheaded the dissolution of the city’s charter and the formation of the Memphis Tax District, which eventually...
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...|Perspective/goals |The goal was how to prevent, understand, and control diseases | |Role/functions |In 1847, the American Medical Association (AMA) formed a hygiene committee to conduct sanitary surveys and to| | |develop a system to collect vital statistics. (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, p 25). | |Health partnerships |The Howard Association of New Orleans, Louisiana, responded to periodic yellow fever epidemics between 1837 | | |and 1878 by providing physicians, lay nurses, and medicine. (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, p 25). | |How did this event (or influence) advance community and public health nursing? | |This event established state health departmenst and local health boards in every town...
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...had anytime to mourn her friend’s death when her mother got sick with fever as well. Matilda knew something was amiss when her mother consigned her away with her grandpa to the country. But things didn't turn out that pleasant when the Chauffeur kicked them off because of a cough that was mistaken as the fever. leaving them stranded alone miles away from the city or farm lands. Then Matilda ends up waking up in a hospital after fainting to too much sun exposure and finding out she had the fever, but survived it. After hearing the crazy news her grandpa and her ended up going back to their coffee shop house in the city. and then getting robbed in the middle of the night. Due to a fight against a robber and her grandpa Matilda felt very alone without her grandpa, not to mention hungry. She set out to town to scavenge food but stumbled upon upon an orphan that just lost her mother, she took it upon herself to take her to the orphanage. But decided not to when she found Eliza, her coffee house maid, and close family friend. Confronted by Eliza's presence, she opened the coffee house once more with Eliza at first sight of snow. And The next day Matilda's mother came home from the country alive and well, showing that no fever was going to beat her...
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...Did you know, that the yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia of 1793 lasted 4 to 5 months with over than 4,000 deaths? In the novel fever 1793 by Laurie Halse Anderson, the town of Philadelphia suffers though a tough time caused by yellow fever. 14 year old Matilda Cook who lives with her mother Lucille, her grandfather, and their house cook Eliza in a coffeehouse, must try to make it through the fever. In the novel fever 1973 we learn many themes, but one important theme is maturity that teaches that even when going through the toughest situations people become grown-ups. First of all, when yellow fever has strike through the town of Philadelphia, Lucille is the first one to get the fever and doesn't want Matilda near her so she doesn't get sick too. So Lucile makes the decisions of sending grandfather and Matilda to a friends farm to keep them safe. Matilda wanted to stay with her mother but Eliza convinced her to go away and promised Matilda she would look after her mother. Once grandfather and Matilda had left Philadelphia and were on their way to their...
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...Jack FitzWilliam Mrs. Ruettgers English 9 October 2012 Yellow Fever Horrible sickness, awful violence, and sudden death are all experiences that no child should have to go through. However, these experiences can change a person’s character completely in a helpful way. The main character, Matilda Cook, in the book Fever, 1793 experiences all of these things as a teenager. This book follows her story of how she makes it through the Yellow Fever epidemic of 1793, and how it changes her character and personality in a constructive way. This book was written by Laurie Halse Anderson and published by Simon & Schuster Books in 2000. Fever, 1793 is a horrifying, historical fiction book that is understood easily enough that anyone over the age of ten or eleven could read it, but the content can be graphic when scenes of sickness or death arise. Laurie Halse Anderson has also published popular books such as Speak and Wintergirls. The book Fever, 1793 is a powerful story of horrible sickness and death along with the transformation of a teenager into a mature, young adult. Stubborn Matilda lives in her family’s coffeehouse in Philadelphia with her mother, grandfather, a parrot, and a cat. Just like everyone else at the coffeehouse, Matilda must get up early and do her chores, but Matilda is your average teenager. No teenager enjoys getting up early, and Matilda is no exception. I woke to the sound of a mosquito whining in my left ear and my mother screeching in the right....
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...Black Death Coming out of the East, the Black Death reached the shores of Italy in the spring of 1348 unleashing a rampage of death across Europe unprecedented in recorded history. By the time the epidemic played itself out three years later, anywhere between twenty-five percent and fifty percent of Europe's population had fallen victim to the pestilence. The Black Death will forever go down in history as a great turning point for civilization. Some thought that moderate living and the avoidance of all luxury would preserve them from the epidemic. They formed small communities, living entirely separate from everybody else. They shut themselves up in houses where there were no sick, eating the finest food and drinking the best wine very temperately, avoiding all excess, allowing no news or discussion of death and sickness, and passing the time in music and other pleasures. Others thought just the opposite. They thought the sure cure for the plague was to drink and be merry, to go about singing and amusing themselves, satisfying every appetite they could, laughing and jesting at what happened. They put their words into practice, spent day and night going from tavern to tavern, drinking immoderately, or went into other people's houses, doing only those things which pleased them. This they could easily do because everyone felt doomed and had abandoned their property, so that most houses became common property and any stranger who went in made use of them as if he had owned...
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...The Spanish Flu was the most devastating pandemic our world has ever seen. Even though few medical records exist, historians believe that 20 – 100 million people were killed by this flu. Despite the number of deaths and the severity and geographic reach of this disease, it merits little attention in the history books. Today one of our greatest medical threats is AIDS. The Spanish Flu is exponential compared to AIDS casualties (Gloria). The Spanish Flu of 1918-19 affected our world like no other disease in history. It changed the ways people sought medical help, the ways physicians treated illness, the role of medical researchers and how society, particularly medical and political leaders respond to pandemic diseases. Influenza is a unique respiratory viral disease infecting the whole respiratory tract-namely, the nose, sinuses, the throat, lungs, and even the middle ear. The disease spreads from person to person by airborne droplets produced when an infected individual coughs or sneezes. Acute symptoms of influenza, including fever, headache, shivering, muscle pain, cough, and pneumonia, are the result of the virus replicating in the respiratory tract, in which infected cells die and slough off (Rosenberg). The Spanish Flu got its name from newspaper reports of that period. It was thought that the influenza infection was carried form Asia to Spain during World War I. During WWI Spain remained neutral and the government did not censor the press. Spanish papers were filled...
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...In Europe there is a big epidemic that is killing two-thirds of Europe’s population. That epidemic was called the Black Plaque. There were three big responses to the black plaque in Europe and those responses were greed, religion, and scientific reasoning. The first big response to the black plaque was greed. The black plaque allowed people to take money from people after they died, and sought out money from their heirs. Many nurses back then found out they can kill their patients faster, and get there pay quicker if they just killed them off, this is what most nurses did back then, and there greed for money blinded them from their motives for becoming nurses. “The demand for nurses in Barcelona was so great that they were hard to find. Many times all they did was to make the patients die more quickly, because the sooner they died, the sooner the nurses collected the fees they had agreed on.” (Document 11). Another reason was so heirs could get money faster if they killed the people higher up in the family. “About 40 people at Casale in Western Lombardy smeared the bolts of the town gates with an ointment to spread the plaque. Those who touched the gates were infected and many died. The heirs of the dead and diseased had actually paid people at Casale to smear the gates in order to obtain there inheritances more quickly.” (Document 4). The second big response to the black plaque was religion. The black plaque allowed people to move away or get closer to religion, people that...
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...Yellow fever in 18th century was one of the worst epidemics in Philadelphia history because of its mysterious cause, tenacious symptoms, and economic impact. When the yellow fever came to Philadelphia it became a ghost town. So many people effected by the yellow fever. It killed them from...
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...Influenza erupted across the globe as a mere common cold. In two years from the time the epidemic erupted, a fifth of the world’s population had already been infected. Influenza killed around fifty million people worldwide and infected twenty-eight percent of the total American population . It is estimated that 675,000 Americans died of influenza during the pandemic. The impact on the U.S. was of high magnitude, especially within the army in World War I. Due to the economic status of the U.S. at that time, soldiers during that war lived within the trenches and went through very harsh conditions of life. For instance, the total number of the U.S. soldiers who went to Europe to fight the enemy, half of them fell to the influenza virus and not to the enemy. A report by Crosby showed that an estimated 43,000 servicemen mobilized for World War I died of influenza. While others have depicted the country as a “tired nation” in a spiritual sense, Pettit and Bailie argue that post-war apathy was more likely caused by the...
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...History is filled with periods of great suffering and change. The novel Fever 1793 recounts the events of the 1793 yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia through a fictional perspective. In the novel, a young teenager named Matilda Cook (“Mattie”) feels the threatening press of the epidemic as her family and their coffeehouse is endangered. Mattie experiences great suffering both through the physical pain of her and those around her and through the complex emotions that drive the plot and set the book’s entire atmosphere. Immediately the reader can see that the story will include much physical suffering. The book’s premise revolves around a terrifying outbreak of disease. Mattie’s friend, a worker at the coffeehouse, is found to be dead within the first few pages. Thousands die from the yellow fever, and those not dead have either fled from town or are starving and struggling to survive. To illustrate, when Mattie returns from Philadelphia she finds “A small child cowered in the corner, her blonde hair loose and tangled, her feet bare and black with dirt. She was sucking her thumb and keening to...
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...“Give a man a fish, and he’ll eat for a day. Teach a man to fish, and he’ll eat forever.” A free clinic embodies this proverb; it will not only help the sick but also educate our youth about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle. Being unskilled, children and teenagers make health changing decisions; some beneficial, some lifethreatening. Regarding this, the most helpful facility that targets the youth is a medical center, because it too healthy generations, educates the adolescents about the mind and body, and combat the harmful effects of drugs. Particularly, a children’s infirmary would best aid in the War on Drugs. Ecstasy and other “club drugs” are at their peak rates of use in a decade. The drug trade has flourished into a million dollar industry under this demand by our youth. Entire communities and towns have been ravaged by this organized crime and the effort to destroy it. But like all business, drugs are only as strong as their demand. A medical center for our youth would play a pivotal role in the movement to destroy drugs, by educating and discouraging our the teenagers of our society about narcotics we will directly save our adolescents from lifethreatening side effects and indirectly make our community safer by ridding it of drugs and the crime associated with the trade. Equally, a youth medical institution is also a great place to encouraging safe and healthy lifestyles among minors. HIV, AIDS, and other sexually transmitted ...
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...World Culture | | Joshua Wallace | 9/5/2013 | This document is an imagined view of cultural differences fifty years after an epidemic, the fall and re-emergence of civilization, revival of governing powers, and decades of wars. | Prologue It’s the year 2063, fifty years has passed since the epidemic that changed humanity forever. During the fall of 2013, an airborne virus called raptus was spreading rapidly through North Africa’s population. The virus caused no significant symptoms out of the norm other than that of a common cold. Once contracted with raptus, the victim usually died in their sleep after five to seven days. With the latest advancement in international travel through a transport called Hyperloop, capable of transporting any adventurous traveler anywhere in the world in just a few short hours, caused the transmission of the virus seem almost instant. Within the first week, ten percent of the population had deceased; the end of the second, thirty-five percent had perished. By the end of October, a month after the spread of raptus, about three-quarters of humanity had been wiped out. The twenty-five percent of survivors, “the not so lucky few”, carried a rare immunity to the virus. After the passing of the epidemic, there was a worldwide collapse in societies. Governments ceased to exist after the epidemic, so chaos ran ramped amongst the twenty-five percent. Without any governance, people resorted to looting and pillaging. Another five percent...
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