...How is Toyotas cars produced? stockless production The Mind of the Strategist Just in time production is the essence of economies of scale. It is subject to the law of diminishing return. You must have large enough demand for your finished products to receive free shipping on a particular day. The closer the manufacturer is to its supplier the less likely the manufacturer will have a supplier issue. Financially sustainable The company receives the order then orders inventory to build the products. Maintain high quality is maintained by having the right employee in the right job. The employee is consistently doing the same job. Inventory buildup requires a lot of cash that could be used to reinvest into the company’s growth; research and development, lowers short term debt requirements. Inventory buildup increases storage cost which lowers your ROI. Requires team work Lean production requires the integration of tasks, identification and removal of defects, kaizen production. Integrated tasks is Requires discipline You must wait for orders to come in before you start manufacturing. This means that you need to have faith in your sales team. Regular improvements to the design of the manufacturing system. Look at Amazons system robots As soon as the product is manufactured it is already sold. Slow is smooth, smooth is fast http://www.economist.com/node/13976392 http://www.economist.com/node/13941150 Problems with Just in time Just in time manufacturing...
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...Innovative Practices in Customer Creation Submitted to : Prof. Mithileshwar Jha On 18th October 2013 In partial fulfillment of the requirements of GMITE-VII By |Name |Registration No. | |Gopakumar Nair |GMITE- 22 | |Jijo Mathew |GMITE | |P G Rajesh Nair |GMITE- 63 | |Name |Registration No. | |Gopakumar Nair |GMITE 22 | |Jijo Mathew |GMI | Name Registration no. Gopakumar Nair GMITE 22 Jijo Mathew Rajesh Nair [pic] Executive Summary From the conception level to the launch of a product/service and then to sustain and enhance market acceptability, each product /service follows certain marketing techniques. Marketing strategies decide the futuresucess of a product, be it services or a new product, it is the strategies adopted to identify the customers, positioning and pricing of the product which determines the life of the product in the market. In this paper we have researched on some of the Innovative strategies successfully employed by automobile companies for new customer creation This document is a study about...
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...Koito Case Study Submitted by Weichao on March 12, 2011 Category: Business and Economics Words: 7841 | Pages: 32 Views: 160 Report this Essay 1. The Japanese corporate governance system differs vastly from the US system. Discuss corporate governance issues that may arise under the Japanese keiretsu system from the perspective of a) financiers b) owners c) suppliers and d) employees. A Japanese keiretsu is effectively a system of cooperation among various stakeholders. From the Japanese point of view, corporate governance includes maximization of long-term corporate value for shareholders and accountability to all the stakeholders, particularly shareholders (Corporate Governance Committee of Japan 1997). This model appears more attractive than the Anglo-Saxon corporate governance model since it takes social benefits into account. However, it must be noticed that the workability of this model relies on a flawless functioning of the market economy, which is not always the case in Japan (ibid). The later paragraphs will discuss in detail the corporate governance issues related to the Japanese keiretsu system in relation with financiers, owners, suppliers and employees. a) Financiers As shown in Exhibit 8 – Ownership Structure of Major Japanese Automotive Assemblers (1989), banks in Japan usually hold a substantial portion of equity in borrowing companies. The Japanese model is often perceived as efficient since it encourages information flow between firms and their lending...
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...Warehousing and Inventory Management Assignment 1, Question:- Recent events in the global scene have had a significant impact on supply chains especially JIT operations. Discuss what these events are and their impact on the role of warehousing in the supply chain. JIT or Just-In-Time has been defined as an inventory control whereby is to maintain or control just right quantity materials in just right place at the just right time for the just right amount of products or manufacturing (Lee White, 1985). JIT concept was originated in Japan in the 1950s when the Toyato Motor Company developed a system known as “Kanban” to meet customer demand for various models with minimum delivery delays. When we talk about JIT we cannot run away from warehousing as warehousing is part of a supply chain logistic network. Warehousing is used for store or house of inventory for all stages of a supply chain JIT is a demand pull system in which manufacturing planning begins with the final assembly line and works backwards, not only through the various manufacturing processes, but also to the vendors and subcontractors supplying materials and components. Therefore two things must happen in order for JIT to work: ➢ All parts/materials/components must arrive where they are needed, when they are needed and in the exact quantity needed ➢ All parts/materials/components that arrive must be usable parts Hence any natural disasters occurred it will certainly affect the impact on...
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...Review on The Effectiveness of Brand/product Placement in Films and A Comparison between Brand Placements in Hollywood and Bollywood films Pulidindi Venugopal, Avinash Inuganti, P. Harsha Vardhan, Vedika Kashyap Abstract: The advertisements of products/brands in televisions are experiencing skipping of channel and the marketers finding it difficult to promote their brands or products, effectively. So the marketers are now finding new media to promote their products/brands. One of those media is films. This paper studies the effectiveness of brand placement in films in the minds of consumers, especially in Hollywood and Bollywood films. Key words: Brand placement, Hollywood films, Indian films, Product placement Introduction: India is the world’s biggest film industry and product placement in Indian films is relatively a new concept and films are now turning out to be a powerful media for promoting the brands (Pavan C Patil and P L Bisoyi, 2012). Product/brand placement is defined as “A paid product message aimed at influencing movie (or television) audiences via the planned and unobtrusive entry of a branded product into a movie or television program” (Balasubramanian, 1994). Majority of the product placements are of display and dialogue product placement. Most of the product placements are taken for instance, for which, they are not paid (Alex Walton, 2009). Generally, the duration, number of types of product placements and level of product placement, that is...
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...计算机辅助制造概论 An Introduction to Computer Aided Manufacturing 郑联语 教授 机械工程及自动化学院 工业与制造系统工程系(720) 办公电话:82317725 电子邮件: lyzheng@buaa.edu.cn 内容提纲 1 制造工程的发展方向——计算机(现代)集成制造 2 制造自动化技术 刚性和柔性的制造自动化 3 制造工程中的 CAD/CAM技术 4 柔性制造系统(FMS) 5 计算机(现代)集成制造系统(CIMS) 北航 机械学院 工业与制造系统工程系 IMSE(720) 郑联语 教授 制造工程的发展方向—CIM 1 制造工程的发展方向——计算机(现代)集成制造 • 20世纪80年代,工业发达国家,相继启动高技术发展计划 – 美国,战略防御计划 – 法国,尤里卡(EURECA)计划 计划内容大体相似,集中在:电子信息、新材料、新能源、生物、新型 生产体系、宇航、海洋等几大方面。 • 1986年3月,我国提出实施高技术研究与发展计划(863计划) 七个领域: 生物工程; 电子信息技术; 激光技术; 航天技术; 自动化技术(包括计算机集成制造、智能机器人两个主题) 新能源; 新材料; 北航 机械学院 工业与制造系统工程系 IMSE(720) 郑联语 教授 计算机集成制造及其技术基础 • 计算机集成制造(CIM, Computer Integrated Manufacturing) (1)目标: 将企业内从产品构思到出厂的各个生产环节的所有活动都置 于计算机的统一管理控制之下,采用各种CAX技术,由网络和数据库建立 联系和资源共享,从而提高企业整体效益,达到综合自动化。 (2)企业效果:20多年来,先后有200多家企业(国内)实施了或正在实施 CIMS取得明显的经济效益和社会效益,同时也面临很大挑战与问题。 如90年代成都飞机、北京一机床、沈阳鼓风机、杭州汽轮机、郑州 纺织、广东华宝、重庆长安等。 (3)教育态势:欧美国家的重要理工科大学大都建立了与CIM有关的研 究所或实验室,大多数大学还开设了CIM相关技术的课程。 • CIM的技术基础是CAD/CAM, 将各种CAX有机集成。 本质是制造自动化。 北航 机械学院 工业与制造系统工程系 IMSE(720) 郑联语 教授 制造自动化技术 2 制造自动化技术 连续流水作业 自始至终流水作业 传感器用于监测或监控 应用综合控制与优化策略 全部实现计算机化的操作 组合机床和自动机床 自动传输装置 局部或全部自动化装配 机器人用于焊接、装配、喷漆 计算机过程监测或监控 数控机床(NC) 计算机数控(CNC) 直接数字控制(DNC) 自适应控制 机器人应用 柔性制造单元或系统(FMC/FMS) 计算机集成制造系统(CIMS) 数控机床(NC) 计算机数控(CNC) 刚性 自动化 大量生产 成批生产 柔性 自动化 单件生产 北航 机械学院 工业与制造系统工程系 IMSE(720) 郑联语 教授 刚性自动化(Fixed Automation) 2.1 刚性自动化(Fixed Automation)——大批量生产自动化 简史: 19世纪70年代出现 (1873年第一台凸轮控制机床), 1940年后期进入成熟阶段 • 典型模式:美国底特律,福特(Ford)汽车生产线,节拍1辆/分(20年代) 称为福特模式。 长春一汽:奥迪52秒;捷达/宝来38秒(2003); • 生产形式: 按产品加工或装配过程依次安排设备,由物料运送装置连接起来,...
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