...innovation practices. This ranges source from individual and organizational learning, management practices and technology in creativity and innovation. Jones (2004) states, “Each design challenge has implications for how an organization as a whole and the people in the organization behave and perform.” (p. 115). This means that each area influences the direction of the organization and some of the difficulties that stifle a creative environment that lends itself to an innovative organization. Further, successfully overcoming challenges associated with a void in creativity consists of implementing a plan that address concerns highlighted by employees in the recent organizational survey. Creating a plan may source at the leadership level but the input sources from the employees because this is the identified area where creativity does not exist in the desired way. Leadership teams must recognize that the survey indicates employees do not feel they have the freedom to provide creative input therefore; leadership team members become part of the problem. Mat and Razak (2011) state, “Identification of success or failure of innovation can be done through implementation phase” (p. 217). As a result, the problem itself lies within the leadership team members rather than the employees of Best Snacks. Based on this analysis of the Best Snacks survey results and the desired results of the organizational direction, the basis of investigation for the problems with creativity begin...
Words: 3155 - Pages: 13
...Executive Summary This report provides an analysis and evaluation of Triple Bottom Line (TBL) accounting. Many corporations adopt and follow the novel term, along with the public increasing public concern of social and environmental performances. The research pays attention to the arguments for and against the TBL accounting in corporate accounting reporting. Many companies concur with the significance of concept to reinforce their business, yet others hold the view that TBL is accompanied by diverse debates. The findings of this review show that TBL accounting: • Refers to a good tool of the measurement of accountability and transparency • Provides a beneficial opportunity to obtain the value of a corporate name and the market share in completion • Contributes to the reduction of production cost and the conservation of environment through making use of resources efficiently • Improves corporate management and employee productivity due to the measurement of accountability and transparency • Impacts on a core competency of business and a social situation • Adjusts a methodology to measure social and environmental performances TBL accounting with economic, social, environmental activities has been some negative thus far. However, the arguments against TBL accounting, which are related to core competency, poor societies and measure standard, are still doubtful and cannot address a strong persuasive in opposition to...
Words: 2530 - Pages: 11
...Without question, "sustainability" is the latest buzzword in many sectors, public and private, for-profit and nonprofit. Is it just the latest fad? This paper, the first phase of a larger research project, agues that sustainability is "creating permanent shift in the very nature of business." Sustainability integrates three spheres--profits, the planet, and people--often viewed as competing or contradictory. How can management integrate them to boost the "triple bottom line?" This study identifies the leadership challenges through a literature analysis and emphasizes that measurement tools often miss the point: the pursuit of an organization's particular brand of success is a journey, not a destination. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Introduction "Sustainability" has come to have many different meanings. It's the latest buzzword among business, government, and nonprofit entities. Business leaders must be wondering if it's just the latest management fad of a concept that will fundamentally change how businesses are managed and measured. This paper is based on the notion that sustainability is more than a fad, but rather is creating a permanent shift in the very nature of business. Since the advent of the paradigm of sustainable development in the 1980s, the private sector has been shifting from a narrow economic conception of responsibility toward a comprehensive approach that attempts to balance economic objectives with environmental pressures and changing societal expectations...
Words: 4015 - Pages: 17
...International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology Vol. 1 No. 3; November 2011 Sustainability and Triple Bottom Line Reporting – What is it all about? Aimee Jackson College of Business University of Louisiana – Monroe Monroe, LA 71209 USA Katherine Boswell, PhD, CIA Assistant Professor of Accounting College of Business University of Louisiana – Monroe Monroe, LA, 71209 USA Dorothy Davis, DBA, CPA Associate Professor of Accounting College of Business University of Louisiana – Monroe Monroe, LA 71209 USA Abstract Growing demands from stakeholders for more extensive information about the operations and financial standing of businesses is encouraging some companies to including information on sustainability. The recognition that there are finite resources to be utilized by today’s businesses, as well as future generations, is a driving force behind incorporating additional reporting by companies on sustainability factors. This paper attempts to summarize the primary advantages and drawbacks of shifting from a strictly financial reporting philosophy to a sustainability philosophy. Keywords: Sustainability Accounting, Triple Bottom Line Reporting, TBL Introduction With the shift in societal focus toward environmental longevity, b usinesses are encouraged to look at the big picture and see their impact on the world around them. A fundamental philosophy propagated today is how imperative it is that businesses address all values in reporting...
Words: 2794 - Pages: 12
...In Press, Business Ethics Quarterly Getting to the Bottom of “Triple Bottom Line”* by Wayne Norman and Chris MacDonald March 2003 Abstract: In this paper, we examine critically the notion of “Triple Bottom Line” accounting. We begin by asking just what it is that supporters of the Triple Bottom line idea advocate, and attempt to distil specific, assessable claims from the vague, diverse, and sometimes contradictory uses of the Triple Bottom Line rhetoric. We then use these claims as a basis upon which to argue (a) that what is sound about the idea of a Triple Bottom Line is not novel, and (b) that what is novel about the idea is not sound. We argue on both conceptual and practical grounds that the Triple Bottom Line is an unhelpful addition to current discussions of corporate social responsibility. Finally, we argue that the Triple Bottom Line paradigm cannot be rescued simply by attenuating its claims: the rhetoric is badly misleading, and may in fact provide a smokescreen behind which firms can avoid truly effective social and environmental reporting and performance. Introduction The notion of “Triple Bottom Line” (3BL) accounting has become increasingly fashionable in management, consulting, investing, and NGO circles over the last few years. The idea behind the 3BL paradigm is that a corporation’s ultimate success or health can and should be measured not just by the traditional financial bottom line, but also by its social/ethical and environmental performance...
Words: 10518 - Pages: 43
...community grow by supporting and patronizing one another. So if a restaurant needed fresh produce it would use the local farmer or produce market to obtain the produce in turn the farmer might eat at the restaurant. The farmer and the restaurant might hire locals and neighbors to help the community. That would not only build each others business but build the community. Porter and Kramer advise, “A shared value perspective, focuses on improving growing techniques and strengthening the local cluster of supporting suppliers and other institutions in order to increase farmers’ efficiency, yields, product quality, and sustainability. This leads to a bigger pie of revenue and profits that benefits both farmers and the companies that buy from them.” (p. 5) When you have the support of those who are around you and share those same values, it’s difficult for all not to grow. Shared value raises the income level of society. There is a saying that states, “Where there is unity there is power.” That is a shared value system. Someone else said, “If everyone does a little, no one has to do a lot.” The problem may be in the creating of the shared value. “The concept of shared value, recognizes that societal needs, not just conventional economic needs, define markets. It also recognizes that social harms or weaknesses frequently create internal costs for firms - such as wasted energy or raw materials, costly accidents, and the need for remedial...
Words: 597 - Pages: 3
...Running head: PROBLEM SOLUTION: GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS Problem Solution: Global Communication Rona Brown University of Phoenix MPLB/500 David Rollins Problem Solution: Global Communications Global Communications feels the pressures of the industries with trying to keep up with its competitors and watching its stock prices fall. Yet the stockholders are giving them a lot of pressure to correct the problem. They need to offer better services than what their competitors are providing to their customers. This paper will discuss the background, the problem, the end goals, alternative solutions, risk assessment, the optimal solution, and lastly the implementation plan. Situation Background (Step 1) The total telecommunications industry has collapsed into hardship due to the Cable Companies inflowing the competition but Global Communications has been hit hard with not just the improved competition but smaller profit margins, the costs of doing business, and have realized that they need a new tactical plan, but will need help in implementing this. The problem is not actually noticeable, as one may think. It is easy to say that there is a substantial amount of competition and blame outside entities for their anguishes. In the long run, the real issue is GC's incompetence to successfully compete with new companies in the market (i.e. cable companies). Often this is the minor to a failure to discriminate their services from those of the competitors. It echoes as if their attempt...
Words: 4185 - Pages: 17
...Introduction to Computing Explorations in Language, Logic, and Machines David Evans University of Virginia For the latest version of this book and supplementary materials, visit: http://computingbook.org Version: August 19, 2011 Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License Contents 1 Computing 1.1 Processes, Procedures, and Computers . . 1.2 Measuring Computing Power . . . . . . . 1.2.1 Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2 Representing Data . . . . . . . . . 1.2.3 Growth of Computing Power . . . 1.3 Science, Engineering, and the Liberal Arts 1.4 Summary and Roadmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 3 3 8 12 13 16 Part I: Defining Procedures 2 Language 2.1 Surface Forms and Meanings 2.2 Language Construction . . . . 2.3 Recursive Transition Networks 2.4 Replacement Grammars . . . 2.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 19 ...
Words: 58807 - Pages: 236
...Cisco Systems Uses Its Culture for Competitive Advantage Manny Rivelo, a senior vice president at Cisco Systems, belongs to more internal company teams than he can count on both hands. "I'm on a litany of them—three councils, maybe six boards, and five working groups," he says. They're part of an organizational web dreamed up by CEO John Chambers—a structure so complex that it takes 15 minutes and a whiteboard to fully explain. Chambers, however, uses just three words to describe the benefits of the San Jose networking giant's manage-ment system: "speed, skill, and flexibility." It seems paradoxical that a multilayered organi-zational model would actually speed things up. But Chambers, whose company landed on the World's Most Admired Companies list partly for its management prowess, says his system of boards and councils has in-deed made Cisco (CSCO, Fortune 500) more agile—and that it will help the company grow in the recession. Chambers' idea originated at the tail end of the 2001 downturn, after Cisco wrote off $2.2 billion in losses. He realized that the company's hierarchical structure pre-cluded it from moving quickly into new markets, so he began to group executives into cross-functional teams. Chambers figured that putting together managers in sales and leaders in engineering, say, would break down traditional silos and lead to faster decision making. Not all Cisco executives felt the same way. "It took seven years, and the first three years were bumpy,"...
Words: 1883 - Pages: 8
...different from their main line of operation. This paper conducts an empirical and qualitative evaluation of eight major airlines in the air travel industry and their adoption of corporate social responsibility. The paper is mainly structured in two major parts. Broadly stated, the first part is a theoretical perspective whereas the latter part captures the practical evaluation of CSR in eight airlines. Therefore, the first part irons the researcher’s understanding of CSR theory such as the participating stakeholders. In addition, this part captures an overview of CSR in the air travel industry as well as outlining accumulative gains to this trend. The second part covers the broader part of this thesis taking a practical approach. This part includes qualitative analysis, evaluation and review of CSR application programs in eight of the sampled airlines. The chosen airlines where selected by sampling from among three of the largest airline alliances globally. The sampled airlines include British Airways, America Airlines, Qantas, Lufthansa, All Nippon Airways, Air France-KLM, Delta Airlines and Cathay Pacific. The practical part also discussed critical CSR elements as adopted by these airlines subject to an overview of each airline and CSR theory. Notwithstanding, the researcher evaluated various CSR program styles, presentations and structures. Following qualitative analysis and evaluation of the findings, the paper concludes that increased pressure from...
Words: 6790 - Pages: 28
...Union have effectively found ways to reduce the overall effect of their purchasing activities (European Union, 2010, page 1 paragraph 1). The procurement of public goods and services in the EU is done through the life cycle approach (European Union, 2010, page 3 paragraph 1). The life cycle approach that is used by the member countries of the European Union has 5 steps (Europa, 2014), the fifth step that has been added in recently deals with all the externalities that can occur while performing the assessment. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) use the more traditional four step approach to evaluate the life cycle of the goods and services to be procured (EPA, 2014). And in South Africa there is a nine step evaluation method on how procurement of public goods and services should be done sustainably (Sustainable Energy for Environmental & Development Program, 2012, pages. 4-7). The first of the nine steps deals with the formation of a green procurement team that will have the right level of knowledge and enthusiasm when it comes to green procurement; the second step concentrates on which implementation approach to undertake, an example of this step s running of...
Words: 1912 - Pages: 8
...Introduction: Business process management is one way organizations can imbibe the culture and framework for production efficiency and continual quality improvement (Okaland, 2003). Since the values and success of TQM are best archived when the organization as a whole accepts, understand and adheres to the guiding practice and processes established as enablers towards achieving results, it can then be said that an organizations business process model or framework should recognize all relevant stakeholders (both internal and external) and incorporate operation intricacies of these stakeholders into the overall quality improvement plan. Turbit (2005) made emphasis that once an organization establishes its primary mission the business process model of any of its functioning units should be aimed at achieving the primary objective while fitting in with other processes. Hence the overall process modeling needs to take into account all the activities that goes into achieving the defined objectives. Challenge of first-tier contractors in quality improvement: The activities of first-tier contractor can be related to realizing set quality improvement depending on how well the activities of these contractors are integrated into the development of the QMS processes of the organization. Segmenting the activities of the organizations into clusters of processes rather than departments is a key element which enables the organization tailor its activities towards delivering customer centric...
Words: 1095 - Pages: 5
... TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Reference to design management 3. State of the Art 3.1 The context 3.2 Introduction to packaging 3.2.1 The fundamentals of packaging 3.2.2 The packaging design process 3.3 Sustainable packaging 3.3.1 What is sustainability? 3.3.2 What is sustainable packaging? 3.3.3 Materials 3.3.4 Barriers & drivers 3.4 Practise examples 3.4.1 Company overview 3.4.2 Comparison 4. Analysis / Synthesis 4.1 Insights 4.2 Sustainable packaging criteria 4.3 Recommendations 4.4 Conclusion Bibliography Books Reports Webography Monography Acknowledgements Declaration of Authorship Appendices PAG E III p. V p. 1 p. 2 p. 4 p. 4 p. 6 p. 6 p. 8 p. 10 p. 10 p. 14 p. 22 p. 25 p. 28 p. 28 p. 29 p. 32 p. 32 p. 38 p. 39 p. 44 p. 45 CLAUDIO BECKER | BA DESIGN MANAGEMENT, INTERNATIONAL LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 | p. 2 | Dimensions of Design Management in Organizations by Acklin and Hirter 2009 Figure 2...
Words: 12905 - Pages: 52
...Coca-Cola’s market value is currently one hundred and forty billion while PepsiCo’s market value is ninety billion, however price per share fluctuate to be in range of mid-fifties “$52-$57” for both companies. Coke is dominant company of the soft drink industry and boasts a global market share of around 44%, followed by PepsiCo at about 31%, and Cadbury Schweppes at 14.7%. Separately from smaller companies such as Cott Corporation and Royal Crown. Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are the biggest pieces of this market. Both struggled for over a century to conquer the number 1 position in the market, competing fiercely in last few years and following each one's strategic decisions to stay ahead. There are number of companies that attempt to enter soft drinks market on frequent basis, any company that can’t maintain comparative advantage over other companies usually falls back and does not survive in this industry. Potential to sell “Fruit Drinks, Water and Energy Drinks” is showing significant growth due to popularity as well as demand for beverages that is consistently getting larger. There are also number of segments that are now consistently being reached that couldn’t have been reached earlier, traditional distribution channels that were put in place decades ago couldn’t reach certain segments due to high poverty level in certain areas as well as low progress of technological improvement in many communities. Another significant factor was lack of trust among most that resided in one...
Words: 1450 - Pages: 6
...amphetamine, pemoline, and bupropion, led us to consider the dopamine transporter as a primary candidate gene for ADHD. To avoid effects of population stratification and to avoid the problem of classification of relatives with other psychiatric disorders as affected or unaffected, we used the haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR) method to test for association between a VNTR polymorphism at the dopamine transporter locus (DAT1) and DSM-IR-diagnosed ADHD (N = 49) and undifferentiated attention-deficit disorder (UADD) (N = 8) in trios composed of father, mother, and affected offspring. HHRR analysis revealed significant association between ADHD/UADD and the 480-bp DAT1 allele (X2 7.51, 1 df, P = .006). When cases of UADD were dropped from the analysis, similar results were found (X2 7.29, 1 df, P = .007). If these findings are replicated, molecular analysis of the dopamine transporter gene may identify mutations that increase susceptibility to ADHD/UADD. Biochemical analysis of such mutations may lead to development of...
Words: 4107 - Pages: 17
