...Running Head: PSYCHOLOGY and CHRISTIANITY 1 Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity PSYCHOLOGY and CHRISTIANITY 2 Abstract This entire book explains how the two books of God can be consolidated to provide the needs of the whole man. The author stated that all truth is God’s and everything that he made was good. Psychology is the study of human behavior and theology is the study of religion; both perspectives are disciplines that are learned. Integration will allow a better understanding of human behavior which neither perspective can do along. Since the Christian faith could not support man along, the mentally challenged suffered. Critics stated that the Christian faith did not keep Bible law concerning love and acceptance of homosexuality; the faith didn’t have the science or intellect to cure sickness, distorted perceptions and mental defects. Sin brought the fall of man and brokenness; yet, science through testings, assumptions, methods, experiments and discoveries were needed to fully care for humans; a holistic approach was needed to cure man. The Church was challenged to provide supreme knowledge to care for souls which lead to many new worldviews which were made up of disciplines that governed people’s lives. These worldviews have Enemies and Allies which were obstacles to integration....
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...McFarland Liberty University Summary In his book Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity, David Entwistle introduces the complicated connection between psychology and theology. The connection between psychology and theology is a topic of great argument. (Entwistle, 2010) Some scholars believe it is a great idea to connect psychology and theology, while others believe it would be harmful to do so. Entwistle focuses on the similarities of psychology and theology, instead of their differences. Psychology focuses on finding the cause of behavior through biological and environmental methods as well as past experiences. Theology focuses on the cause of behavior being linked to sin. Psychology focuses on healing through theories. Theology focuses on healing through Christ. Even though psychology and theology have different methods they have similar goals to achieve overall wellness. Entwistle stated that both psychology and theology focus on the cause of behavior and healing. (Entwistle, 2010) Psychology and theology also both contain truth. Entwistle believes “All truth is God’s truth.” (Entwistle, 2010) Psychology and theology are not so different and both can be combined to help achieve overall wellness in the lives of others. Entwistle made a point that theology and science have been embattled throughout history. Entwistle explains that how a person views the world determines how they view the truth in their lives. Entwistle also emphasizes that a worldview is learned...
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...Counseling attempts to provide encouragement and guidance for those who are facing losses, decisions, or disappointments. Counseling can stimulate personality growth and development, help people cope more effectively with the problems of living, with inner conflict, and with crippling emotions, assist individuals, family members, and married couples to resolve interpersonal tensions or relate effectively to one another and assist persons whose life patterns are self-defeating and causing unhappiness. The Christian counselor seeks to bring people into a personal relationship with Jesus Christ and to help them find forgiveness and relief from the crippling effects of sin and guilt. Therapist Characteristics A Christian counselor has beliefs about the attributes of God, the nature of human beings, the authority of Scripture, the reality of sin, the forgiveness of God and the hope for the future. The counselor seeks to help counselees change behavior, attitudes, values, faulty thinking and/or perceptions. We attempt to teach skills, including social skills, to encourage recognitions and expression of emotion, to give support in times of need, to teach responsibility, to instill insight, to guide as decisions are made, to help counselees mobilize inner and environmental resources in times of crisis, to teach problem-solving skills, and to increase counselee competence. The Christian counselor also seeks to stimulate spiritual growth, encourage confession of sin and the experience...
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...Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity Liberty University Summary David Entwistle’s (2010) book, Integrative approaches to psychology and Christianity: An introduction to worldview issues, philosophical foundations, and models of integration, opens the reader’s eyes to unexpected possibilities, beginning with the often combative regimes of faith and reason using Tertullian’s symbolism of Athens as the seat of reason and Jerusalem as the seat of faith; which is the basic ongoing battle between science and religion (Entwistle, 2010). What Entwistle addresses is his belief that integration of the disciple of psychology and Christianity is possible, each contributing to the whole allowing effective therapy, where the therapist becomes a type of shepherd that invites the client into the goodness of God and introduces Christ as his savior. Psychology attempts to understand, describe, and diagnose human behavior but Christian theology seeks to understand “what it means to be human” (Entwistle, 2010, p. 3). In the end Entwistle (2010) reoccurring theme throughout the book is that this integration is possible because “all truth is God’s truth” (p. 13). All the reasoning, precise measurements, and descriptives of psychology are possible because of God’s work in creation. Entwistle expands on the concept of worldviews and how each individual interprets everything around them. Each person will search for the truth but it will be biased according to the individual’s worldview...
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...4-MAT Review of Integration of Psychology and Christianity by David N. Entwistle Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity by David N. Entwistle (2010) encompasses some enlightening information about the history and path of theology and psychology coming together for Christian counseling. Entwistle suggests the two are in conflict with each other. This conflict is created due to one (theology) being grounded on faith and the other (psychology) built on truth. Throughout the next 13 chapters, the author builds on his remark, “The interaction of psychology and theology is virtually inevitable due to their mutual interest in understanding the ambiguities and mysteries of human behavior, and healing human brokenness.” (Entwistle, 2010). Summary The first section develops a historical context of spiritual integration. Entwistle offers references to Augustine, the Middle Ages, and medieval Scholasticism prior to transitioning into a history of psychology. The author quickly answers the infamous question, “What indeed has Athens to do with Jerusalem?” (Entwistle, 2010). He offers wherever and however truth is found, it is God’s truth. This being his primary presupposition that “All truth is God’s truth.” Building on truth, Entwistle suggests a person’s world view determines how they view the truth in their lives. He also suggests this world view is something learned by our family, experiences, religion and education, not something that is chosen. Our world view ultimately...
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...Philosophy and Psychology The links in the table on the left take you to sub-headings on this page. |. |Philosophy can mean different things | | |Sometimes philosophers deal with questions of truth and sometimes with questions of goodness ; | | |sometimes they offer consolation for life’s sorrows and sometimes they are purely pragmatic. In | | |the philosophy of science, a theory may be valued only for its predictive capability ; its truth | | |or falsity may be immaterial. In ethics, philosophy may have a prescriptive function, offering a | | |preferred set of values ; but where those values originate from is a debatable question. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ...
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...June 03, 2012 Liberty University Dr. Angel Weaver Abstract In the literature of Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity written by author David Entwistle (2010), explains Christianity, and psychology being integrated with one another. David Entwistle says that “Primarily psychology and Christianity are perceived by many people to be in opposition” (Entwistle, 2010). Both psychology and Christianity address both the experiences in human life and angles from different views. The writer also explains, “Christianity being based on the Word of God. Psychology is based on worldly views; it is an empirical foundation, so it does not allow faith to make any adjustments in its teachings.” (Entwistle, 2010) Christianity is based on the belief in Jesus Christ, which takes faith and understanding, the Bible is the teachings and laws that God wants us to abide by, and is the foundation of all truth. The writer of the book states that, “Psychology uses empirical methods of study while theology studies human interpretations of God’s Word.” (Entwistle, 2010) We take a look at the integration of the behaviors. The book Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity’s sole purpose is to help the readers understand combining the disciplines of psychology and Christianity. Even though the two always seem to pull against one another, the author gives great examples and issues an insight on how the two can work together...
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...Integration Paper Thiago DeSouza Psychology and the Bible Liberty University Abstract Integration for many years has been a topic of discussion between psychologists and Christian leaders. The debate between the two disciplines has been whether or not the two can coexist together or if the two disciplines should never merge. Epistemology, cosmology, and philosophical anthropology lays down the foundation for integration. Both disciplines seek to understand human behavior and both seek to fix what appears to be broken within humanity. Both disciplines seek for truth. Psychology seeks for truth through science and what has been observed, whereas the source for truth for Christianity is found in God through His Words and His Works. The two may not contradict. There are several models of integration and they look to explain what the relationship between psychology and Christianity ought to be. The Allies model, which is discussed in more depth, holds the view that truth is found in God’s Words and Works and that God is sovereign over all things. Integration Paper The integration of psychology and Christianity has been a topic of discussion for many years and will be for many more years to come. It is important that this discussion is not put aside but rather be openly discussed among members from both disciplines. There are many models within integration and they all offer their own perspectives on the relationship between psychology and Christianity. One is not necessarily...
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...was teaching psychology there, using the physiological approach he had learned in Germany and establishing the first psychology laboratory in America. James had gone to Germany back in mid-1863 to study physiology and medicine, but came back to the United states because of his health. In 1878, decided to write a psychology text book. James was determined to write a text book he began teaching philosophy in 1879. He published “The Sentiment of Rationality” which was his first important article in his new discipline (Pomerleau). On the other hand, James became a full-time professor in philosophy and psychology in the late 1880s. However, it took him 12 years to finish “Principles of Psychology” in 1890, which he wasn’t satisfied with the book. William James didn’t finale his career with just one book; in 1897 he published his first philosophical book “The Will to Believe and Other Essays in Popular Philosophy” and it was dedicated to Charles Sanders Peirce (Pomerleau). According to Wayne P. Pomerleau, two years after that in 1899 he also published “Talks to Teachers on Psychology and to Students on Some of Life’s Ideals.” William James had focused on the development his own philosophy by writing essays and doing...
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...Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity, by David Entwistle, is a comprehensive book that details the conceptual behavior influenced by the developmental processes of the physical mind and its influence on spiritual development. The basis of the book is to explore the claims and the strains, “given the historical animosity of some psychologists toward religion and some Christians toward psychology” (p.217), that arise from the intertwining of psychological and Christian theological views, in order to help us understand and appreciate humanity better than viewing from either perspective individually. “The closer one gets to considering psychotherapeutic and pastoral concerns, the greater the common ground and the greater possibility for conflict” (p. 36). The book’s focus is on integrative approaches in a well comprehended Christian worldview by which “we can evaluate our beliefs and behavior in light of the biblical message (p. 63), and “form a body of theories from which all prejudice, bias, and unjustifiable conjecture have been eliminated” (p. 199). The historical opposition and advocacy of the integration of the two views, along with the current integration research and application, is presented with the help of multiple psychological researchers. Entwistle’s view is that integration is possible if the proper cautions are taken; that “human nature can be mapped from two directions” (p. 198), if the disciplines participate in a productive interchange of...
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...Professional Journal Article in Psychology XXX Prof. Philena DeVaughn PSY100 November 7th, 2013 Assignment 1: Exploration of a Professional Journal Article in Psychology In a study done by the University of Gothenburg, Sweden and the University of Portsmouth, UK, researchers conducted a live study in which 60 people were asked their travel destinations (Vrij, A., Granhag, P., Mann, S., & Leal, S., 2011). The purpose of the test is whether to see if the people interviewed, both asked to tell the truth and lie about their travel plans, was to see how well the researchers could effectively distinguish if the person was or was not telling the truth. Normally, to distinguish if people are telling the truth or not, a Polygraph machine is used but the machine requires a lot of set up and controlled conditions. However, for this new sort of research, the researchers would be on the lookout for the following dependent variables: length of the response, amount of detail, plausibility, contradictions, and spontaneous corrections. The initial testing was done at the departure gates of the airport in which people were asked where they were heading to and what their plans were. Then the people tested were asked to conduct further research by bringing in a second researcher answer some more questions about their trip. The second researcher however did not know any individuals plans before being brought in. Half the people were asked to tell the truth, 29 people, to the second person...
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...David Hanson Integration of Psychology and Theology COUN506-B15 Liberty University Dr. Wayne Wilson Spring 2014 Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity Author – David N. Entwistle Abstract The book “Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity” by David Entwistle, is a tightly packed explanation of the relationship between Christianity (theology) and psychology. Through most of history there has been many a heated debate over these two topics being integrated. Entwistle presents information that shows how the two are both designed by God and that God is the author of all truth (Entwistle, 150). Entwistle attempts to walk the reader through various investigated claims and the tensions that ensue from these arguments. We typically go through life looking through our own lens of how things should be based on our own worldview. How we see things and interpret them are filtered through our limited understanding of the world. “Worldviews function somewhat like eyeglasses” (Ibid, 56). This concept is held to throughout the book. The author wants the reader to understand how people learn and determine their view of truth. Entwistle introduces the term epistemology. This is “an exercise of intellectual virtue” (Ibid, 76). These virtues include honesty, humility, respectfulness, compassion, etc. He points out the necessity of these virtues in order to better help us evaluate ourselves. Entwistle presents...
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...History of Psychology Danielle Shank PSY/310 February 18, 2013 Kelle Daniels History of Psychology To understand psychology today, one must understand the past of psychology. Rene’ Descartes believes a person’s mind to have an ability to reason and the body to be a machine. However, John Locke believed a person’s mind to be a clean slate and it is filled from experiences. These are two amazing theories about the mind and body. However, if all of the theories were to be discussed this would not be an essay; this would be a book series. Psychology dates back to the 1900’s but the true history goes back to the Greek philosophers or even farther to the 17th century B.C. with Psamtik 1 (King of Egypt). He believed the Egyptians were the oldest race and was curious about how. The foundation of psychology starts with philosophy and medicine than later becomes its own category of psychology. Psychology gets broken down into smaller parts. This paper will go over different philosophers of the past that brought the start of psychology and then a man who was in the 19th century of psychology. Philosophers That Began Psychology Hermann Ebbinghaus states in his textbook called “Psychology An Elementary textbook”, “Psychology has a long past, yet its real history is very short” (Ebbinghaus, 1908, p. 3). When this statement is broken...
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...4-MAT-Entwistle Alton Dawson Liberty University 4-MAT-Entwistle Entwistle’s concept on psychology and Christianity allows the student to foster a better understanding the importance of integrating the concepts of science (psychology) and religion. In the book the author’s opinion of integrating psychology and Christianity is displayed to possess the client’s understanding that science and religion when integrated will promote a higher probability of healing. Christianity has been a part of the lives of mankind since the fall of Adam. Entwistle believes that God has given mankind a guideline to promote living a spiritual lifestyle that is beneficial to all mankind. Although there is not a connection with psychology and Christianity, when integrated both psychology and religion involves the appreciation and comprehension that will make an individual outlook on life meaningful and complete. The author relates throughout the book that there are no differences between sinful people and Christians when involving the truth. Since the fall of Adam we are taught good and evil exists and being sinful is part of our human DNA. The word of God in the Holy Bible shows that mankind sinful intentions can create barriers when integrating psychology and theology. The main intent of secular psychology and Christianity is to help individuals to overcome barriers they may encounter in their daily lives. People benefiting from secularism and Christianity must look past circumstances...
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...Approaches to Psychology and Christianity allowed me to comprehend fully the past occurrences of psychology and theology. The book displayed the faith and confidence that both psychology and Christianity must be combined in order for it to have a better understanding and allowing the client a better chance of healing. In order to do this there must be a complete understanding of each component in and of itself. Entwistle’s (2010) book presented all the facts from history as it has shaped society today (pp. 18-34). As he discussed these historic events, it shows just how the wisdom that is held today is a reflection or reaction of what happened then. Christianity has always had a huge impact on world history and how the world is viewed. Entwistle makes known that God gives humans reality and honesty in His Word. Upon consideration of His works His Word has began to have an effect on the world. The Word of God comes from the Bible in which He created for humankind to read, follow and apply to their lives and from the His Word they will experience His power. Theology and Psychology are not meant to be compatible but they are very much similar when it comes to the appreciation and comprehension that allows someone’s life to be meaningful. The world is full of people that have many talents to share. Humans were created in His image so that makes each unique in their own sense. Each human being has things to share and contribute to the world. Theology and Psychology are earnestly...
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